【摘要】：從古典日語到現(xiàn)代日語,「して」的意義在逐漸發(fā)生著改變�，F(xiàn)代日語的「して」普遍認(rèn)為是サ變動詞「すゐ」的連用形「し」后面加上接續(xù)助詞「て」變化而來,而古典日語中的「して」卻多作格助詞和接續(xù)助詞使用。本論文主要以日本古典文學(xué)大系為調(diào)查資料,從中查找出了「して」作為格助詞使用的例句,并加以分析,明確了「して」作為格助詞使用時在各個時代的具體語義,進(jìn)而厘清了格助詞「して」語義的歷史性變遷。 根據(jù)考察,在上代文獻(xiàn)中,格助詞「して」有三種語義,第一、表示共同做某事的人數(shù),第二、表示共同做某事的人,第三、表示做某事的時間。到了平安時代,格助詞「して」從上代的三種語義擴(kuò)大到了七種。具體來講,有以下七種：第一、表示共同做某事的人數(shù),第二、表示物的數(shù)量,第三、表示共同做某事的人,第四、表示做某事的工具、方法、材料,第五、表示使役的對象,第六、表示動作發(fā)生的場所,第七、表示動作發(fā)生的時間。其中,第二、第四、第五和第六是平安時代新出現(xiàn)的語義。到了鐮倉時代,格助詞「して」的語義與平安時代相比,減少了一些,即第四里面沒有表示材料的語義,第六沒有表示動作發(fā)生場所的語義。換言之,在鐮倉時代,格助詞「して」以下六種語義,即平安時代的第一、二、三、五、七,再加上第四中表示工具、手段的語義。而到了室町時代,格助詞「して」又基本恢復(fù)到了平安時代的七種語義,只是第四中沒有表示材料這一義項。到了江戶時代,格助詞「して」除了數(shù)量上和前代有所區(qū)別之外,語義和室町時代相同。即在江戶時代,格助詞「して」也有七種語義。具體講,有以下七種：第一、表示共同做某事的人數(shù),第二、表示物的數(shù)量,第三、表示共同做某事的人,第四、表示做某事的工具、方法,第五、表示使役的對象,第六、表示動作發(fā)生的場所,第七、表示動作發(fā)生的時間。到了明治時期,格助詞「して」的語義減少到了兩種,即上代文獻(xiàn)中第一、第二種語義。將具體來講,在明治時期,格助詞「して」的語義有以下兩種,第一、表示共同做某事的人數(shù),第二、表示共同做某事的人。 從格助詞「して」語義的歷史演變來講。格助詞「して」產(chǎn)生于上代時期,主要有三種語義,即表示共同做某事的人數(shù),共同做某事的人和做某事的時間,到了平安時代,語義達(dá)到最大化,使用范圍也最廣,增加了四種語義,即表示物的數(shù)量,表示做某事的工具、方法、材料,表示使役的對象,和動作發(fā)生的場所,這幾種用法中,表示材料的語義從鐮倉時代開始就消失了,其他用法基本上一直持續(xù)到江戶時期,而到了明治時期,格助詞「して」的語義又急劇減少到兩種,即只剩下表示共同做某事的人數(shù)和共同做某事的人之語義。
[Abstract]:From classical Japanese to modern Japanese, the meaning of "Li" is gradually changing. In modern Japanese, it is generally believed that the conjunctive form of the word "Li" is changed by the addition of the word "Li" after the word "Li", while the word "Li" in classical Japanese is often used as a case auxiliary word and a continuation auxiliary word. This paper mainly takes the Japanese classical literature department as the investigation material, finds out the example sentence which is used as the case auxiliary word, and analyzes it, and clarifies the specific meaning of the case auxiliary word used in each era when it is used as the case auxiliary word. Furthermore, it clarifies the historical change of the semantic meaning of the case auxiliary. According to the investigation, in the previous literature, there are three kinds of semantics in the case auxiliary, first, the number of people who do something together, second, the person who does something together, and the third, the time when something is done. In the era of peace, the auxiliary word "Yu" expanded from three semantics in the last generation to seven. Specifically, there are the following seven types: first, the number of people who do something together; second, the number of things; third, the number of people who do something together; fourth, the means, methods, materials, and fifth, the object of the cause. Sixth, to indicate the place where the action took place, and seventh, to indicate the time when the action took place. Among them, the second, the fourth, the fifth and the sixth are the emerging semantics of the peace era. By the time of Kamakura, the semantics of the case auxiliary "Li" was less than that of the peaceful era, that is, the fourth did not represent the meaning of the material, and the sixth did not represent the meaning of the place where the action took place. In other words, in Kamakura era, the following six kinds of semantics of the case auxiliary, namely the first, second, third, fifth, and seventh of the peace era, are added to the fourth meaning of the means and tools. By the time of Muromachi, the auxiliary word "Li" had basically recovered to the seven semantics of the peaceful era, but the fourth one did not indicate the meaning of material. In the Edo era, the case auxiliary, apart from the number of differences from the previous generation, the semantic and Muromachi era is the same. Even in the Edo era, there are seven kinds of semantics. Specifically, there are seven types: first, the number of people who do something together; second, the number of things; third, the number of people who do something together; fourth, the means and methods of doing something; fifth, the object of the cause; and sixth, Represents the place where the action occurred, and seventh, the time when the action took place. By the Meiji period, the semantic meaning of the auxiliary word "Li" was reduced to two kinds, namely, the first and the second in the previous literature. To be specific, during the Meiji period, the semantic meaning of the case auxiliary is as follows: first, the number of people who do something together; second, the number of people who do something together. In terms of the historical evolution of the semantic meaning of the auxiliary word "Yu". There are three kinds of semantics, that is, the number of people who do something together, the people who do something together and the time of doing something. In the era of peace, the semantic meaning is maximized and the scope of use is the most extensive. Four kinds of semantics have been added, that is, the number of objects, the tools, methods, materials, objects for doing something, and the place where the action took place. In these uses, the semantics of the material have disappeared since the Kamakura era. Other usages lasted until the Edo period, but in the Meiji period, the semantic meaning of the auxiliary word "Li" was reduced sharply to two kinds, that is, only the number of people who did something together and the semantics of the people who did something together.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工商大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H36

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 茍坤;;日本上代文獻(xiàn)格助詞「して」考[J];樂山師范學(xué)院學(xué)報;2011年10期

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相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 胡楠;格助詞用法的古今對照研究[D];南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2007年

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本文編號：2321423