【摘要】：關于自動詞他動詞的定義,在《日本語教育辭典》等文獻中的記述大都一致,即以該動詞前可否帶賓格助詞為判定標志。這也是目前日語語法中普遍的處置方法。以此方法分類的自他動詞本文稱其為“語法性自他動詞”。但事實上除了以有無賓格助詞進行判定以外,還可從語義內(nèi)涵上以是否對他人他物施加作用、從構(gòu)句功能上以能否構(gòu)成直接被動句及“～”句式進行分析。通過對后者的考察得知,在日語動詞的自他性質(zhì)方面,除“語法性自他”外,還應存在“邏輯性自他”和“功能性自他”的概念。而且,后者與前者既有重合又有錯位。
[Abstract]:The definition of the automatic verb "other verb" is generally consistent in the Japanese Dictionary of Education and other documents, that is to say, whether the verb can be followed by a case auxiliary as a judgment mark. This is also the present Japanese grammar in the general method of treatment. In this way, the self-other verbs are called grammatical self-other verbs. In fact, in addition to judging whether there is a case auxiliary, it can also be analyzed from the semantic connotation of whether to exert effects on other objects, from the function of construction to form a direct passive sentence and "~" sentence structure. Through the investigation of the latter, we can see that there should be the concepts of "logical self-he" and "functional self-other" besides the grammatical self-other in the aspect of the self-other nature of Japanese verbs. Moreover, the latter and the former both overlap and dislocation.
【作者單位】： 杭州師范學院外國語學院
【分類號】：H36

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