本文選題：《雪國(guó)》 + 文化負(fù)載詞��； 參考：《湖南大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：翻譯是溝通不同文化的一種重要手段。然而,世界各國(guó)因?yàn)樯瞽h(huán)境、宗教信仰、傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗、生活方式、價(jià)值觀念和審美意識(shí)的不同,隨著歷史的發(fā)展各國(guó)間形成了文化差異,導(dǎo)致了大量文化負(fù)載詞的產(chǎn)生,這些文化負(fù)載詞在文化傳遞中的作用至關(guān)重要。但由于語言、文化、翻譯目的、讀者及譯者主體性等主、客觀因素對(duì)翻譯活動(dòng)的影響,譯文相對(duì)于原文而言必然會(huì)產(chǎn)生某個(gè)或多個(gè)層面的損失。同樣,文化負(fù)載詞在翻譯過程中也會(huì)產(chǎn)生翻譯損失,為了降低損失對(duì)譯文價(jià)值及譯文讀者理解的影響,就有必要對(duì)損失進(jìn)行翻譯補(bǔ)償。因此,采用正確、合理的翻譯補(bǔ)償?shù)姆椒ǚg文化負(fù)載詞,可以使處于不同文化背景下的讀者了解該作品國(guó)家的文化,有助于跨文化交流�！堆﹪�(guó)》作為川端康成的代表作,為中國(guó)讀者所熟知。 《雪國(guó)》作品中包含了大量的文化負(fù)載詞,它們?yōu)槲覀冋故玖搜﹪?guó)的風(fēng)土人情以及日本特有的藝妓文化。但是這些文化負(fù)載詞的存在也給中文讀者對(duì)原作的理解帶來了一些障礙,因此探討《雪國(guó)》中文化負(fù)載詞的翻譯可以幫助中國(guó)讀者更好地理解原作品,進(jìn)而加深中國(guó)讀者對(duì)日本文化的了解。本論文以《雪國(guó)》為中心,分析尚永清、葉渭渠以及高慧勤三個(gè)中文譯本中文化負(fù)載詞的翻譯損失問題,并試著找出相對(duì)應(yīng)的翻譯補(bǔ)償?shù)姆椒�。首先依�?jù)奈達(dá)的文化五分類以及《雪國(guó)》的具體內(nèi)容,將《雪國(guó)》中的文化負(fù)載詞分為物質(zhì)文化負(fù)載詞和社會(huì)文化負(fù)載詞兩大類。接下來將物質(zhì)文化負(fù)載詞細(xì)分為與衣、食、住、日用品相關(guān)的詞匯及量詞共五小類。社會(huì)文化負(fù)載詞則分為專有名詞、與藝妓文化相關(guān)的詞匯,以及與傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)和風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣相關(guān)的詞匯共三小類。接著通過實(shí)例對(duì)原文與三個(gè)中文譯本進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究,分析表明,在翻譯《雪國(guó)》中的文化負(fù)載詞時(shí)會(huì)產(chǎn)生翻譯損失以及誤譯。在對(duì)比研究中筆者試著探討了三位譯者各自的翻譯補(bǔ)償?shù)姆椒?以及三個(gè)譯本出現(xiàn)不恰當(dāng)?shù)姆g時(shí),筆者自己的拙見。并得出如下結(jié)論：在對(duì)《雪國(guó)》中的文化負(fù)載詞進(jìn)行漢譯的過程中,或多或少出現(xiàn)了一些翻譯損失甚至誤譯,三位譯者通過“直譯”、“直譯+注釋”、“加譯”以及“等價(jià)翻譯”這四種翻譯方法進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)的補(bǔ)償。數(shù)據(jù)分析表明譯者們多傾向于采取“直譯+注釋”的方法對(duì)損失進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償。最后筆者分析了采取“直譯+注釋”方法的原因及優(yōu)點(diǎn),選取恰當(dāng)?shù)淖g詞的重要性。同時(shí)說明了翻譯文化負(fù)載詞中的同形異義語時(shí),最佳的翻譯補(bǔ)償?shù)姆椒ㄒ彩恰爸弊g+注釋”。
[Abstract]:Translation is an important means of communicating different cultures. However, because of the difference of living environment, religious belief, traditional custom, life style, values and aesthetic consciousness, the countries in the world have formed cultural differences with the development of history, which has led to the production of a large number of culture-loaded words. These culture-loaded words play an important role in cultural transmission. However, due to the subjective and objective factors, such as language, culture, translation purpose, reader and translator's subjectivity, the translation activity is affected by the objective factors, which will inevitably result in a loss of one or more levels compared with the original text. Similarly, culture-loaded words can cause translation losses in the process of translation. In order to reduce the impact of loss on the translation value and readers' understanding, it is necessary to compensate for the loss. Therefore, using the correct and reasonable translation compensation method to translate culture-loaded words can make readers in different cultural backgrounds understand the culture of the country of the work, and contribute to cross-cultural communication. [snow country] as a masterpiece of Kawabata Yasunari, It is well known to Chinese readers. The works of Snow State contain a lot of culture-loaded words, which show us the local customs of Xueguo and the unique geisha culture of Japan. However, the existence of these culture-loaded words has also brought some obstacles to Chinese readers' understanding of the original works. Therefore, exploring the translation of culture-loaded words in Snow State can help Chinese readers better understand the original works. And then deepen Chinese readers' understanding of Japanese culture. Based on Snow State, this thesis analyzes the translation loss of culture-loaded words in Shang Yongqing, Ye Weiqu and Gao Huiqin, and tries to find out the corresponding translation compensation methods. Firstly, according to the five categories of Nida's culture and the concrete contents of Snow State, the culture-loaded words in Xue Guo are divided into two categories: material culture-loaded words and sociocultural loaded words. Then the material and cultural loaded words are subdivided into five categories: clothing, food, shelter and daily necessities. Sociocultural loaded words are divided into proper nouns, words related to geisha culture, and words related to traditional art and customs. Then a comparative study is made between the original text and the three Chinese versions. The analysis shows that the culture-loaded words in Xue Guo will result in translation loss and mistranslation. In the contrastive study, the author tries to explore the methods of the three translators' respective translation compensation, and the author's own views when the three translations appear improper translation. The conclusions are as follows: in the process of translating culture-loaded words in Snow State into Chinese, there are some translation losses or even mistranslations more or less. The three translators adopt "literal translation" and "literal translation annotation". The four translation methods of "plus translation" and "equivalent translation" are compensated accordingly. The data analysis shows that translators tend to use literal annotation to compensate for the loss. Finally, the author analyzes the reasons and advantages of the method of literal translation annotation, and the importance of choosing appropriate translation words. At the same time, it shows that the best method of translation compensation is "literal translation annotation" when translating homographs in culture-loaded words.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：H36;I046
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本文編號(hào)：2092596