【摘要】：眾所周知,縮略現(xiàn)象是語言學(xué)中一種常見現(xiàn)象,縮略方式是構(gòu)詞學(xué)里很能產(chǎn)的一種構(gòu)詞方式。隨著近些年社會(huì)的飛速發(fā)展,縮略語呈現(xiàn)出的驚人的發(fā)展速度�？s略是詞匯發(fā)展過程中出現(xiàn)的一種自發(fā)的語言現(xiàn)象,它是俄語詞匯發(fā)展的一條重要途徑,并且對俄語詞匯系統(tǒng)注入了新鮮的血液。從19世紀(jì)末,尤其是在十月革命之后,俄語縮略語大量出現(xiàn),迅速普及。到1991年蘇聯(lián)解體后,確切地說從戈?duì)柊蛦谭蚋母飼r(shí)期,俄語已經(jīng)開始發(fā)生變化,隨著社會(huì)制度,政治經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域發(fā)生了重大變革,俄語發(fā)生了巨大的變化,縮略語的數(shù)量急劇上升。直到今日網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)代的到來,縮略語這種大量涌現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)象仍存。從功能上講,語言是人類最重要的交際工具,為了實(shí)現(xiàn)一定的交際目的,人們總是試圖消除消極因素,提煉積極因素,不斷地在現(xiàn)有語言材料的基礎(chǔ)上最大可能地創(chuàng)造出與表達(dá)需要的語言形式。本文總結(jié)了國內(nèi)外俄語縮略語研究的現(xiàn)狀,對一些傳統(tǒng)縮略語和新縮略語進(jìn)行分析,從而發(fā)現(xiàn)新型俄語縮略語在傳統(tǒng)縮略語基礎(chǔ)之上發(fā)生的種種變化,并從社會(huì)文化、語用心理、修辭功能等角度分析縮略現(xiàn)象。對于變幻多端、結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的俄語縮略語,作為俄語學(xué)習(xí)者,我們掌握俄語縮略語是非常必要的,應(yīng)該深入地研究縮略語的構(gòu)成和使用特點(diǎn)、語用功能,以滿足用俄語進(jìn)行交際的需要。
[Abstract]:As we all know, acronym is a common phenomenon in linguistics. With the rapid development of society in recent years, acronyms show an amazing speed of development. Acronym is a spontaneous language phenomenon in the process of lexical development. It is an important approach to the development of Russian vocabulary and infuses fresh blood into the Russian lexical system. Since the end of the 19 th century, especially after the October Revolution, Russian acronyms appeared in large numbers and spread rapidly. After the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, Russian began to change from the time of Gorbachev's reform. With the great changes in the social system, the political and economic fields, the Russian language has undergone tremendous changes. The number of abbreviations has risen sharply. Until today's arrival of the network era, acronyms such as the emergence of the phenomenon still exists. Functionally, language is the most important communicative tool for human beings. In order to achieve a certain communicative purpose, people always try to eliminate negative factors and refine positive ones. Create and express the necessary language forms to the maximum extent possible based on existing language materials. This paper summarizes the current situation of Russian acronyms at home and abroad, analyzes some traditional abbreviations and new abbreviations, and finds out all kinds of changes that have taken place on the basis of traditional abbreviations. From the perspective of pragmatic psychology and rhetorical function, this paper analyzes the phenomenon of acronym. As Russian learners, it is necessary for us to master Russian acronyms at various ends and complicated structures. Therefore, we should deeply study the structure and use characteristics of abbreviations, pragmatic functions, and so on. To meet the needs of communication in Russian.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：H35

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