巴氏新小綏螨和黃瓜新小綏螨間的集團(tuán)內(nèi)捕食和同類相殘作用
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-20 12:50
【摘要】：巴氏新小綏螨(Neoseiulus barkeri)和黃瓜新小綏螨(Neoseiulus cucumeris)均為多食性植綏螨,主要捕食葉螨和薊馬等。本實(shí)驗(yàn)室已有研究表明,兩種植綏螨在無獵物的情況下更傾向于發(fā)生種間的集團(tuán)內(nèi)捕食(Intraguild Predation,簡稱IGP),且巴氏新小綏螨為集團(tuán)內(nèi)捕食者(Intraguild predator,IG-predator),黃瓜新小綏螨為集團(tuán)內(nèi)獵物(Intraguildprey,IG-prey)。本文選擇截形葉螨(Tetranychus truncatus)和西花薊馬(Franklinie occidentalis)為共享獵物即集團(tuán)外獵物(Extraguild prey,EG-prey),進(jìn)一步對兩種植綏螨在不同集團(tuán)外獵物存在情況下的IGP作用進(jìn)行了研究,測定了不同集團(tuán)外獵物密度對IGP作用的影響;并研究了集團(tuán)內(nèi)捕食者對集團(tuán)內(nèi)獵物與集團(tuán)外獵物的捕食選擇性,借助Cox回歸模型評估了集團(tuán)內(nèi)捕食者對集團(tuán)內(nèi)獵物捕食的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)性;此外還對兩種植綏螨的同類相殘(Cannibalism)作用進(jìn)行了研究。研究結(jié)果為兩種植綏螨的合理管理及聯(lián)合釋放提供了依據(jù)。主要結(jié)論如下:1.不同密度(無、適量、充足)集團(tuán)外獵物對1GP作用的研究表明,集團(tuán)外獵物密度對IGP有顯著影響。隨著集團(tuán)外獵物密度的逐漸增大,兩種植綏螨種內(nèi)的同類相殘及種間的IGP次數(shù)減少,而對集團(tuán)外獵物捕食次數(shù)增多,因此,獵物密度的增加對IGP和同類相殘均產(chǎn)生了抑制作用。2.比較兩種植綏螨在相同密度集團(tuán)外獵物存在時(shí)的IGP作用,無論存在截形葉螨還是西花薊馬,巴氏新小綏螨對黃瓜新小綏螨幼螨的捕食量顯著大于黃瓜新小綏螨對巴氏新小綏螨幼螨的捕食量,進(jìn)一步證明了巴氏新小綏螨為IGP作用中的集團(tuán)內(nèi)捕食者。3.在非選擇性實(shí)驗(yàn)中,Kaplan-Meier生存分析表明,當(dāng)巴氏新小綏螨為捕食者時(shí),其對異種植綏螨黃瓜新小綏螨及2種不同集團(tuán)外獵物的攻擊偏好性依次為截形葉螨幼螨黃瓜新小綏螨幼螨西花薊馬1齡若蟲(Breslow tests:x2=21.98;df=2;P0.001);而當(dāng)黃瓜新小綏螨為捕食者時(shí),其對異種植綏螨巴氏新小綏螨及2種不同集團(tuán)外獵物的攻擊偏好性依次為西花薊馬1齡若蟲截形葉螨幼螨巴氏新小綏螨幼螨(Breslowtests:X2=66.40;df=2;P=0.001。4.在選擇性實(shí)驗(yàn)中,Cox風(fēng)險(xiǎn)回歸評估模型表明,當(dāng)集團(tuán)外獵物截形葉螨存在時(shí),巴氏新小綏螨對黃瓜新小綏螨的捕食風(fēng)險(xiǎn)性較低(風(fēng)險(xiǎn)回歸系數(shù)為-3.110),表明巴氏新小綏螨更傾向于捕食截形葉螨而不易發(fā)生1GP作用;當(dāng)集團(tuán)外獵物西花薊馬存在時(shí),巴氏新小綏螨對黃瓜新小綏螨的捕食風(fēng)險(xiǎn)性較高(風(fēng)險(xiǎn)回歸系數(shù)為1.344),表明巴氏新小綏螨傾向于捕食黃瓜新小綏螨而發(fā)生1GP作用。因此,兩種植綏螨在聯(lián)合釋放防治西花薊馬時(shí)應(yīng)考慮IGP作用的發(fā)生。5.兩種植綏螨成螨對其各自種內(nèi)成螨的捕食現(xiàn)象并未觀察到,表明植綏螨的同類相殘主要發(fā)生為成螨捕食幼螨。
[Abstract]:Both (Neoseiulus barkeri) and (Neoseiulus cucumeris) are polyeating phytoseids, mainly preying on leaf mites and thrips. In our laboratory, it has been shown that two plantations are more prone to predation of (Intraguild Predation, in interspecific groups without prey, Intraguild predatorus IG-predator and IG-predaty of IG-prey. In this paper, (Tetranychus truncatus) and (Franklinie occidentalis) were selected as Extraguild prey (Extraguild prey EG-prey) to further study the IGP effect of two cultivated Suiypidae in the presence of different out-of-group prey. The effects of different density of out-of-group prey on IGP were measured, and the predation selectivity of intra-group predator to intra-group and out-of-group prey was studied. The Cox regression model was used to evaluate the predation risk of the predator in the group, and the (Cannibalism) effects of the same species planted with Suiypidae were also studied. The results provided a basis for the rational management and joint release of the two planting mites. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. Studies on the effects of different density (no, appropriate, sufficient) on 1GP showed that the density of out-of-group prey had a significant effect on IGP. With the increase of the density of out-of-group prey, the number of the same species and the number of interspecific IGP decreased, but the number of predation increased. Therefore, the increase of the density of prey inhibited the IGP and the same species. 2. The effects of IGP on the existence of two cultivated Suiyidae in the presence of prey outside the same density group were compared, whether the Tetranychus truncate or the western flower thrips. The predation amount of Neoseieidae paussuiformis to juvenile mites of Cucumber Neossueidae was significantly higher than that of Cucumber Neossueidae to juvenile mites of Neoseieidae pasteuri, which further proved that Neosseidae paussuiformis was a group predator. 3. In nonselective experiments, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that when the neoseieidae pasteurus was a predator, Its attacking preference to the new Suiyidae cucumbers and two different groups of prey was in the order of Breslow tests: x21. 98 dfff0. 001, while when the Cucumber Neoseia was a predator, the order of attack preference was Breslow tests: x21. 98 dffn. 001, and when the Cucumber Neoseia was a predator, the order of attack preference was: 1 ~ (th) (Breslow tests: x21. 98 dff0. 001). Its attacking preference to the isosemous minussureous mites and two different groups of prey was as follows: the first instar larval nymphs of thrips westermani (Breslowtests: X _ 2: X _ (2), 66.40 d ~ (ffl) ~ (2) ~ (2) ~ (-) ~ (0.001.4), in order of the first instar nymphs of thrips westermani. In the selective experiment, Cox's risk regression model showed that when Tetranychus truncate, an out-of-group prey, existed, The predation risk (risk regression coefficient is -3.110) of Neoseieidae pasteuri to Cucumber Neossueiform mites is lower, which indicates that Neossueia paussuiformes preying on Tetranychus truncus is more prone to preying on Tetranychus sp. 1GP is not easy to occur. The predation risk (risk regression coefficient is 1.344) of Neoseieidae pasteuri to Cucumber Neossueiform is higher, which indicates that Neoseia paussuiformis tends to preying on Neoseieidae cucumbers and has 1GP effect. Therefore, the occurrence of IGP should be taken into account in the combined release and control of western flower thrips by two planting mites. The predation of adult mites to adult mites in their own species was not observed, which indicated that the same kind of damage of phytoseiid mites occurred mainly in adult mites preying on juvenile mites.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S476.2
本文編號：2193662
[Abstract]:Both (Neoseiulus barkeri) and (Neoseiulus cucumeris) are polyeating phytoseids, mainly preying on leaf mites and thrips. In our laboratory, it has been shown that two plantations are more prone to predation of (Intraguild Predation, in interspecific groups without prey, Intraguild predatorus IG-predator and IG-predaty of IG-prey. In this paper, (Tetranychus truncatus) and (Franklinie occidentalis) were selected as Extraguild prey (Extraguild prey EG-prey) to further study the IGP effect of two cultivated Suiypidae in the presence of different out-of-group prey. The effects of different density of out-of-group prey on IGP were measured, and the predation selectivity of intra-group predator to intra-group and out-of-group prey was studied. The Cox regression model was used to evaluate the predation risk of the predator in the group, and the (Cannibalism) effects of the same species planted with Suiypidae were also studied. The results provided a basis for the rational management and joint release of the two planting mites. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. Studies on the effects of different density (no, appropriate, sufficient) on 1GP showed that the density of out-of-group prey had a significant effect on IGP. With the increase of the density of out-of-group prey, the number of the same species and the number of interspecific IGP decreased, but the number of predation increased. Therefore, the increase of the density of prey inhibited the IGP and the same species. 2. The effects of IGP on the existence of two cultivated Suiyidae in the presence of prey outside the same density group were compared, whether the Tetranychus truncate or the western flower thrips. The predation amount of Neoseieidae paussuiformis to juvenile mites of Cucumber Neossueidae was significantly higher than that of Cucumber Neossueidae to juvenile mites of Neoseieidae pasteuri, which further proved that Neosseidae paussuiformis was a group predator. 3. In nonselective experiments, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that when the neoseieidae pasteurus was a predator, Its attacking preference to the new Suiyidae cucumbers and two different groups of prey was in the order of Breslow tests: x21. 98 dfff0. 001, while when the Cucumber Neoseia was a predator, the order of attack preference was Breslow tests: x21. 98 dffn. 001, and when the Cucumber Neoseia was a predator, the order of attack preference was: 1 ~ (th) (Breslow tests: x21. 98 dff0. 001). Its attacking preference to the isosemous minussureous mites and two different groups of prey was as follows: the first instar larval nymphs of thrips westermani (Breslowtests: X _ 2: X _ (2), 66.40 d ~ (ffl) ~ (2) ~ (2) ~ (-) ~ (0.001.4), in order of the first instar nymphs of thrips westermani. In the selective experiment, Cox's risk regression model showed that when Tetranychus truncate, an out-of-group prey, existed, The predation risk (risk regression coefficient is -3.110) of Neoseieidae pasteuri to Cucumber Neossueiform mites is lower, which indicates that Neossueia paussuiformes preying on Tetranychus truncus is more prone to preying on Tetranychus sp. 1GP is not easy to occur. The predation risk (risk regression coefficient is 1.344) of Neoseieidae pasteuri to Cucumber Neossueiform is higher, which indicates that Neoseia paussuiformis tends to preying on Neoseieidae cucumbers and has 1GP effect. Therefore, the occurrence of IGP should be taken into account in the combined release and control of western flower thrips by two planting mites. The predation of adult mites to adult mites in their own species was not observed, which indicated that the same kind of damage of phytoseiid mites occurred mainly in adult mites preying on juvenile mites.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S476.2
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