馬鈴薯優(yōu)異新品系選育及SSR分析
發(fā)布時間:2018-07-17 06:56
【摘要】:馬鈴薯是我國主要的糧食、蔬菜兼用作物。本研究主要針對我國目前馬鈴薯加工專用型品種短缺的現(xiàn)狀,開展了新品種選育工作。依據(jù)親本間優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)互補(bǔ)的原則進(jìn)行組配,用生育期短的彩色馬鈴薯'四彩'和'彩異'作母本,以抗晚疫病能力強(qiáng)、干物質(zhì)和淀粉含量較高的'民Ⅱ'和'隴薯7號'作父本,通過人工授粉雜交,得到'四彩×民Ⅱ'、'彩異×民Ⅱ'和'四彩×隴薯7號' 3個組合的雜種F1代分離群體,并采用F1塊莖無性繁殖方法保留群體單株,結(jié)合形態(tài)、單株產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)等農(nóng)藝性狀測定和評價,選育出綜合性狀優(yōu)異的5個馬鈴薯新品系A(chǔ)6、A10、A11、B2和C2。本論文對各優(yōu)異新品系的產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)、花粉育性、染色體配對構(gòu)型和SSR指紋等特性進(jìn)行測定分析,主要結(jié)果如下:1.試驗從'四彩×民Ⅱ'組合中選育出3個新品系A(chǔ)6、A10、A11,從'彩異×民Ⅱ'和'四彩×隴薯7號' 2個組合中分別選育出新品系B2和C2。B2為高淀粉型新品系,A11和C2為全粉加工型新品系,A6、A10為鮮食型新品系。2.各新品系的生育期在85d~113d之間,A6、A10、A11和B2均為中早熟型新品系,C2為中晚熟型新品系。5個新品系結(jié)薯集中整齊、芽眼淺,平均單株產(chǎn)量較高(1.0kg/單株),商品薯率均在85%以上。3.查明了 5個新品系A(chǔ)6、A10、A11、B2和C2的染色體配對構(gòu)型,其分別為5.66Ⅰ +11.47Ⅱ+3.6Ⅲ+2.15Ⅳ、2.98Ⅰ+13.54Ⅱ+2.2Ⅲ+2.83Ⅳ、3.47Ⅰ +12.13Ⅱ+3.21Ⅲ+2.66Ⅳ、8.27Ⅰ+9.26Ⅱ+4.43Ⅲ+1.98Ⅳ,和1.95Ⅰ+15.46Ⅱ+1.35Ⅲ+2.77Ⅳ。4.5個雜種新品系間的花粉育性存在一定差異。其中,品系A(chǔ)6、A10、A11、C2的花粉可育率均大于50%,而B2的花粉可育率小于50%,可作中間材料進(jìn)一步雜交利用。5.利用篩選出10對SSR特異性引物,對5個優(yōu)異新品系及其親本的基因組DNA擴(kuò)增出106個多態(tài)性條帶,占82.81%。采用S189、S25和STM0030這3對特異性引物建立了新品系間的SSR指紋圖。
[Abstract]:Potato is the main grain and vegetable crop in China. Aiming at the shortage of potato processing special-purpose varieties in China, the breeding of new varieties was carried out in this study. According to the principle of complementary advantages and disadvantages between parents, color potato 'four colors' and 'color difference' with short growth period were used as female parent, and 'Min 鈪,
本文編號:2129497
[Abstract]:Potato is the main grain and vegetable crop in China. Aiming at the shortage of potato processing special-purpose varieties in China, the breeding of new varieties was carried out in this study. According to the principle of complementary advantages and disadvantages between parents, color potato 'four colors' and 'color difference' with short growth period were used as female parent, and 'Min 鈪,
本文編號:2129497
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