發(fā)布時間：2018-06-05 04:14

  本文選題：轉基因楊木 + 組織細胞��； 參考：《中國林業(yè)科學研究院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：通過木質(zhì)素基因工程能夠有效降低楊木細胞壁木質(zhì)素含量,從而改善人工林楊樹作為木質(zhì)纖維材料的利用現(xiàn)狀。細胞壁關鍵組分木質(zhì)素含量的變化對轉基因楊木組織細胞微觀構造以及對細胞壁其它重要化學成分的影響則具有重要研究意義。因此本論文選取轉C3H基因銀腺楊84K(Populus alba×P.glandulosa cv`84k')和非轉基因銀腺楊84K為實驗材料,利用光學顯微鏡和電子顯微鏡觀測了兩類楊木組織細胞形態(tài)特征和木纖維形態(tài)參數(shù)的差異;利用乙酰溴法、熱解-氣相色譜/質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用和傅里葉變換紅外光譜法測定和分析了轉基因楊木木質(zhì)素含量和結構的變化;利用組織化學染色、激光共聚焦顯微技術和共聚焦顯微拉曼光譜技術觀察了轉基因楊木木質(zhì)素和多糖物質(zhì)在組織細胞壁層的微區(qū)分布及沉積規(guī)律,并針對以上研究結果在不同高度的變化規(guī)律進行總結分析。本論文主要研究結果如下:1.轉基因楊木組織細胞形態(tài)特征(1)轉基因楊木仍為典型散孔材的特性。導管、木射線和纖維等各類型組織細胞在髓心到樹皮方向的分布規(guī)律均與對照組楊木一致。但是發(fā)現(xiàn)部分轉基因楊木導管壁形態(tài)為波浪狀,與對照組楊木橢圓狀存在一定差異。(2)轉基因楊木纖維壁厚值(2.17μm)較對照組楊木(2.42μm)下降了12.40%;轉基因楊木纖維長度(0.551 mm)較對照組楊木的(0.526 mm)增加了4.75%。且兩類楊木纖維壁厚值和長度均隨楊木的木質(zhì)化程度增加而增加。而轉基因楊木纖維腔徑值(11.95μm)、寬度(21.1μm)與對照組楊木纖維腔徑值(11.65μm)、寬度值(22.5μm)均無顯著差異,但纖維壁腔比較對照組楊木的降低。(3)轉基因楊木導管壁(1.92μm)較對照組楊木(2.12μm)變薄,平均下降9.43%,且不同高度導管壁厚無明顯差異。轉基因楊木不同高度的導管腔徑均值(32.21μm)與對照組楊木(32.04μm)無明顯差異,但導管壁腔比較對照組楊木的降低。2.轉基因楊木木質(zhì)素含量及結構變化(1)轉基因楊木細胞壁主要化學組分結構與對照組楊木的一致,但木質(zhì)素含量(25.0%)較對照組楊木(29.3%)降低,且在不同高度均呈下降趨勢,平均下調(diào)量為14.68%,同時綜纖維素相對含量增加。(2)轉基因楊木中G和S單體相對含量較對照組的下降而H單體含量增加,轉基因楊木木質(zhì)素G、S、H單體相對含量分別為30.85%、54.69%、12.13%,對照組楊木的分別為34.39%、59.42%和6.19%。兩類楊木木質(zhì)素G和S單體的組成結構無明顯差異,但轉基因楊木H單體組成結構增加。3.轉基因楊木木質(zhì)素及多糖物質(zhì)微區(qū)分布(1)轉基因楊木木質(zhì)素G單體在導管壁上均勻分布,S單體則在纖維細胞壁上均勻分布。轉基因楊木木質(zhì)素在纖維細胞壁層及各微區(qū)的含量分布規(guī)律為細胞角隅(CC)濃度最大、其次是復合胞間層(CML)和次生壁(S2),在木質(zhì)部徑向的沉積規(guī)律則為靠近髓心處組織細胞壁層沉積量較中部位置大,且與對照組楊木分布規(guī)律一致。(2)轉基因楊木纖維細胞壁上的多糖物質(zhì)主要分布于S2和CML上,而在CC沉積量較少,分布規(guī)律與對照組的一致。轉基因楊木在纖維細胞S2和CML的處多糖物質(zhì)沉積量大于對照組楊木對應微區(qū),表明轉基因楊木木質(zhì)素含量降低后多糖物質(zhì)含量補償性增加。
[Abstract]:The lignin content of poplar cell wall can be effectively reduced by lignin gene engineering, thus improving the utilization status of the poplar wood as a wood fiber material. The changes in the content of the key components of the cell wall have important research on the microstructure of the tissue cells of the transgenic poplar and its influence on the cell wall its important chemical components. In this paper, C3H gene 84K (Populus Alba x P.glandulosa cv`84k') and non transgenic silver adenine 84K were selected as experimental materials. The morphological characteristics of two types of poplar tissue and the difference of morphological parameters of wood fiber were observed by optical microscope and electron microscope, and acetyl bromide method, pyrolysis gas chromatography / mass spectrometry was used. The contents and changes of lignin content and structure of transgenic poplar wood were measured and analyzed by combined and Fu Liye transform infrared spectroscopy. The microdistribution and deposition rules of the transgenic Yang Mu lignin and polysaccharide in the tissue cell wall were observed by histochemical staining, laser confocal microscopy and confocal Raman microraman spectroscopy. The main research results in this paper are as follows: 1. the morphological characteristics of the tissue cell of transgenic poplar wood (1) the transgenic poplar wood is still the characteristic of the typical dispersing wood. The distribution of the tissue cells in the medullary heart to the bark of the vessel, wood rays and fiber are all compared with those of the control. But it was found that some transgenic poplar wood duct wall morphology was wavy, and there were some differences with the control group. (2) the wall thickness of the transgenic poplar fiber (2.17 m) decreased by 12.40% compared with the control group (2.42 mu m), and the length of the transgenic poplar fiber (0.551 mm) increased by 4.75%. and two than that of the control group (0.526 mm). The wall thickness and length of the poplar fiber increased with the increase of wood lignification, but the diameter of the wood fiber (11.95 u m), the width (21.1 mu m), and the value of the wood fiber cavity of the control group (11.65 mu m), and the width (22.5 m) were not significantly different, but the fiber wall cavity was lower than the control group. (3) the transgenic poplar catheter wall (1.92 mu). M) thinner than the control group (2.12 mu m), the average decrease was 9.43%, and there was no obvious difference in the thickness of the catheter wall at different heights. There was no significant difference between the mean of the catheter cavity diameter of the different height of the transgenic poplar (32.21 mu m) and the control group of poplar (32.04 mu m), but the catheter wall cavity was compared with the control group Yang Mu's decrease in.2. transgenic poplar lignin content and structure change (1). The main chemical composition of the gene poplar cell wall was the same as that of the control group, but the lignin content (25%) was lower than that of the control group (29.3%), and the average down-regulation was 14.68%, and the relative content of the fully mechanized cellulose increased. (2) the relative content of G and S monomers in transgenic poplar wood was lower than that of the control group, H The relative content of G, S and H monomers of transgenic poplar lignin was 30.85%, 54.69%, 12.13%, respectively, and there was no significant difference in the composition of G and S monomers of poplar lignin in the control group 34.39%, 59.42% and 6.19%. two, but the composition structure of the transgenic poplar H monomer increased the.3. transgenic poplar lignin and the polysaccharide microarea. The distribution (1) of the transgenic poplar lignin G monomer distributed evenly on the catheter wall, and the S monomer distributed evenly on the wall of the fibrous cell. The distribution of the content of the transgenic poplar lignin in the cell wall and the microregions was the largest in the cell corner (CC), followed by the composite intercellular layer (CML) and the secondary wall (S2), and the radial sedimentary rules in the xylem. The deposition of the cell wall layer near the medullary center was larger than the central position, and the distribution law of poplar wood was consistent with the control group. (2) the polysaccharides on the cell wall of the transgenic poplar fiber were mainly distributed on S2 and CML, but the amount of deposition in CC was less and the distribution law was the same as that of the control group. The amount of mass deposition was higher than that of the control group, indicating that the content of polysaccharides in transgenic poplar decreased with increasing lignin content.
【學位授予單位】：中國林業(yè)科學研究院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S792.11

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本文編號：1980459