發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-18 13:34

  本文選題：供液量 + 供液頻率��； 參考：《寧夏大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：為探索黃瓜、番茄、茄子在基質(zhì)栽培條件下,合理的營(yíng)養(yǎng)液供液制度,本試驗(yàn)分別設(shè)計(jì)黃瓜每株每天供液量為 200 ml、300 ml、400 ml、500 ml、600 ml、700 ml、800 ml、900 ml、1000 ml、1100 ml;番茄營(yíng)養(yǎng)生長(zhǎng)期每株每天供液量為150 mL(W1)、210 mL(W2)、270 mL(W3),開(kāi)花結(jié)果期加倍,供液頻率為1次(T1)、2次(T2)、3次(T3);茄子每株每天供液量為300 ml、500 ml、700ml、900ml、1100ml、1300ml、1500ml、1700ml。分析不同供液量及供液頻率對(duì)三種蔬菜生長(zhǎng)、生理、品質(zhì)及產(chǎn)量等指標(biāo)的影響,確定每株每天的供液量及供液頻率,以期為農(nóng)民科學(xué)生產(chǎn)提供依據(jù),達(dá)到節(jié)水豐產(chǎn)優(yōu)質(zhì)的目的。研究結(jié)果如下:1.營(yíng)養(yǎng)液供液量對(duì)基質(zhì)培春夏茬黃瓜生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育及產(chǎn)量的影響研究表明:(1)500 ml供液量可促進(jìn)黃瓜提前進(jìn)入開(kāi)花期、結(jié)果期,有利于生育期提前,且500ml供液量下的黃瓜較低量下的處理可有效提高株高25.74%,有效增大莖粗1.0 mm,增大葉面積121.98 cm2,提高干物質(zhì)積累量,提高根系總長(zhǎng)度及面積;(2)500 ml、600 ml供液量下葉綠素?zé)晒鈪?shù)各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)均高于其他處理,且600 ml供液量在凈光合速率、作物抗性指標(biāo)及果實(shí)品質(zhì)指標(biāo)中表現(xiàn)最佳,較500 ml供液量下略高;(3)500ml 供液量下的產(chǎn)量為46459.62kg.hm-2,高于 600ml,雖然 1000ml、1100ml 供液量下的產(chǎn)量高于其他處理,但是水分利用效率最小;(4)綜合各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)看,并結(jié)合實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中所能帶來(lái)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,推薦500 ml供液量作為農(nóng)民黃瓜日常生產(chǎn)的營(yíng)養(yǎng)液供液量。2.營(yíng)養(yǎng)液供液量及供液頻率對(duì)基質(zhì)培高糖度番茄生長(zhǎng)及品質(zhì)的影響研究表明:(1)番茄果實(shí)品質(zhì)隨營(yíng)養(yǎng)液供液量的增加而降低,供液量為W1、W2處理的可溶性總糖、有機(jī)酸含量顯著高于W3處理。維生素C、可溶性固形物含量表現(xiàn)為T3處理高于T1、T2,W1T3、W2T3處理的可溶性固形物含量分別達(dá)到8.37%、8.33%;(2)W2T3處理的株高和莖粗、光合速率最大,與W1T1相比提高30.6%、26%、68.9%;供液頻率為T3處理時(shí),W2T3處理的產(chǎn)量、單果質(zhì)量、單株結(jié)果數(shù)最大,與W3T3處理相比,產(chǎn)量提高11.3%,而W1、W2處理的水分利用效率顯著高于W3;(3)綜合分析,W2T3處理最佳,即番茄在營(yíng)養(yǎng)生長(zhǎng)期每株每天營(yíng)養(yǎng)液供液量為210 mL,在開(kāi)花結(jié)果期供液量加倍,每天供液3次,有利于促進(jìn)高糖度番茄的生長(zhǎng),提高果實(shí)品質(zhì)。3.營(yíng)養(yǎng)液供液量對(duì)基質(zhì)培夏秋茬茄子生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育、產(chǎn)量及品質(zhì)的影響研究表明:(1)供液量為700 ml時(shí),可有效促進(jìn)茄子植株生長(zhǎng),株高達(dá)到129.35 cm,葉面積提高15.56%,根冠比最大,地上部鮮物質(zhì)量與300 ml、1700 ml相比提高39.3%、28.5%;(2)品質(zhì)指標(biāo)隨供液量的增加先增大后減小,700 ml、900 ml可溶性總糖、維生素含量高于其他處理,與300ml相比,維生素含量分別增加2.14 mg.g~(-1)、2.43 mg.g~(-1);(3)900 ml根系活力、光合速率、單果質(zhì)量表現(xiàn)最好,但700 ml產(chǎn)量最大,達(dá)到68282.54 kg.hm-2,顯著高于其他處理,且水分利用效率高于900 ml,為40.41 kg.m~(-3)。綜合考慮,每株每天供液700 ml為茄子合理的營(yíng)養(yǎng)液供液量。
[Abstract]:In order to explore the rational liquid supply system for cucumber, tomato and Eggplant under the condition of substrate cultivation, this experiment was designed to design each plant of cucumber each for 200 ml, 300 ml, 400 ml, 500 ml, 600 ml, 700 ml, 800 ml, 900 ml, 1000 ml, 1100 ml, and the daily feed volume of each plant was 150 mL (W1), 210, 270 and flowering fruit. The feeding frequency was 1 times (T1), 2 times (T2) and 3 times (T3); the daily supply of eggplant was 300 ml, 500 ml, 700ml, 900ml, 1100ml, 1300ml, 1500ml, and 1700ml. analyzed the effects of different liquid quantity and feed frequency on the growth of three vegetables, physiology, quality and yield, so as to determine the daily liquid supply and feeding frequency of each plant, so as to be the farmer family. The results of the study were as follows: 1. the effects of the amount of nutrient solution on the growth and yield of Cucumber in spring and summer stubble were studied as follows: (1) the amount of 500 ml supply can promote the cucumber to enter the flowering stage in advance, and the result period is beneficial to the early growth period, and the cucumber under the supply of 500ml is lower. Treatment can effectively increase plant height 25.74%, effectively increase the stem diameter 1 mm, increase the leaf area 121.98 cm2, increase the amount of dry matter accumulation, increase the total length and area of root system; (2) 500 ml, 600 ml supply liquid content of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters are higher than other treatments, and 600 ml supply liquid content in net photosynthetic rate, crop resistance index and fruit quality index The best performance in the standard was higher than that of 500 ml; (3) the output of 500ml was 46459.62kg.hm-2, higher than 600ml, although 1000ml, 1100ml supply was higher than the other treatment, but the water use efficiency was the least. (4) comprehensive indicators, and combined with the economic benefits of actual production, recommended 500 ml supply. The effects of the amount of.2. nutrient solution supply and the frequency of feed liquid on the growth and quality of high glucose tomato in matrix culture showed that: (1) the quality of tomato fruit decreased with the increase of nutrient liquid supply, the amount of water supply was W1, the soluble total sugar treated by W2, and the content of organic acid was significantly higher than that of W3 treatment. C, the soluble solid content showed that the content of T3 treatment was higher than that of T1, T2, W1T3 and W2T3, respectively, the soluble solids content reached 8.37%, 8.33%, respectively, (2) W2T3 treated plant height and stem diameter, the photosynthetic rate was the largest, and 30.6%, 26%, 68.9% compared with W1T1, and the yield of W2T3 treatment, single fruit quality, the maximum number of single plant results, and W3T3 place. In comparison, the yield increased by 11.3%, and the water use efficiency of W1, W2 treatment was significantly higher than that of W3. (3) comprehensive analysis, W2T3 treatment was the best, that is, tomato in the vegetative growth period per plant nutrient solution is 210 mL per day, the amount of liquid supply in the flowering period doubles, 3 times a day, to promote the growth of high sugar tomatoes and improve the fruit quality.3. nutrient solution. The effect of water supply on the growth and development, yield and quality of Eggplant in summer and autumn stubble of matrix culture showed that: (1) the plant growth, plant height reached 129.35 cm, leaf area increased 15.56%, and root crown ratio was maximum, the quality of fresh ground fresh substance was 39.3%, 28.5%, and (2) quality index was increased with the amount of liquid supply (2) when the amount of water supply was 700 ml. Increase first and then decrease, 700 ml, 900 ml soluble total sugar, vitamin content is higher than other treatments, compared with 300ml, vitamin content increases 2.14 mg.g~ (-1), 2.43 mg.g~ (-1); (3) 900 ml root vitality, photosynthetic rate, single fruit quality performance is the best, but 700 ml production maximum, 68282.54 kg.hm-2, significantly higher than the other treatments, and moisture significantly The utilization efficiency is higher than 900 ml, which is 40.41 kg.m~ (-3). Considering that 700 ml per plant per day is the reasonable amount of nutrient solution for eggplant.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧夏大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S641.2;S641.1;S642.2

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