本文選題：放牧方式 + 混合放牧��； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以內(nèi)蒙古希拉穆仁草原為研究對(duì)象,通過(guò)設(shè)置單獨(dú)放牧牛、單獨(dú)放牧羊和牛羊混合放牧三種放牧方式和不放牧作為對(duì)照,研究不同放牧方式對(duì)草原物種多樣性的影響。主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)放牧能夠降低植物群落的地上現(xiàn)存量。2014年至2016年每年8月,單獨(dú)放牧羊的植被地上現(xiàn)存量為54.89 g/m2、45.93 g/m2和64.21 g/m2,單獨(dú)放牧牛的植被地上現(xiàn)存量為45.97g/m2、31.19g/m2、56.28g/m2,混合放牧的植被地上現(xiàn)存量為46.61g/m2、34.66g/m2、58.75g/m2,不放牧的植被地上現(xiàn)存量為63.00g/m2、54.26g/m2、70.40g/m2。單獨(dú)放牧牛和牛羊混合放牧對(duì)地上現(xiàn)存量的降低程度差異不顯著,均顯著低于單獨(dú)放牧羊。(2)單獨(dú)放牧牛和牛羊混合放牧方式下植被高度下降明顯。隨著放牧?xí)r間的延長(zhǎng),放牧方式對(duì)植被蓋度的影響并不顯著。與單獨(dú)放牧羊相比較,混合放牧減緩了植物密度的減小。單獨(dú)放牧牛提高了植物群落中豆科和雜類草的重要值,降低了克氏針茅的重要值,羊與之相反。(3)單獨(dú)放牧羊降低了植物群落的物種豐富度、多樣性指數(shù)和均勻度指數(shù),牛羊混合放牧能夠維持物種多樣性。
[Abstract]:Based on the study of Inner Mongolia yilmutu grassland, the effects of Different Grazing Methods on the species diversity of grassland were studied by setting up separate grazing cattle, grazing sheep and cattle and sheep in three grazing methods and not grazing. The main results are as follows: (1) grazing can reduce the amount of.2014 on the ground of plant community. In August year to 2016 year to 2016, the vegetation on the land of separate grazing sheep was 54.89 g/m2,45.93 g/m2 and 64.21 g/m2, and the vegetation on the ground was 45.97g/m2,31.19g/m2,56.28g/m2, and the extant amount of vegetation on the mixed grazing vegetation was 46.61g/m2,34.66g/m2,58.75g/m2, and the existing vegetation on the non grazing vegetation was 63.00g/m2,54.26g/m2,7. The difference between the grazing cattle and cattle and sheep mixed grazing on 0.40g/m2. was not significant, which was significantly lower than that of the separate grazing sheep. (2) the vegetation height decreased obviously under the mixed grazing mode of herding cattle and cattle and sheep. Mixed grazing slowed down the decrease of plant density. Separate grazing cattle increased the important value of leguminous and heterozygous grass in plant community, reduced the important value of Stipa Kirschner, and the opposite. (3) the shepherd alone reduced the species richness, diversity index and evenness index of the plant community, and the mixed grazing of cattle and sheep could maintain a large number of species. Pattern.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S812

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