本文選題：人工魚礁 + 校核　； 參考：《上海海洋大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：由于過度捕撈和環(huán)境污染,全球漁業(yè)資源持續(xù)下降,許多天然漁場遭到嚴重破壞,目前以人工魚礁為主要修復(fù)手段的海洋牧場建設(shè)在世界各沿海國家得到迅猛發(fā)展,并且取得了良好的效果。人工魚礁的種類和功能具有多樣性,其集魚效果是評價人工魚礁設(shè)計是否合理的重要指標(biāo)之一,目前我國都是通過潛水員潛到礁區(qū)拍攝的圖片和視頻來分析人工魚礁的聚魚效果,既受到了季節(jié)和溫度的限制,又浪費了人力和物力。本文設(shè)計了一種可發(fā)電的人工魚礁及其自動化的成像系統(tǒng),魚礁不僅為魚類提供良好的生存環(huán)境,起到改善海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境的效果,而且能夠?qū)︳~礁的集魚效果、礁體的穩(wěn)定性、礁體的位置、礁體的投放進行實時的遠程監(jiān)控,可通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)隨時在電腦上查看拍攝的人工魚礁區(qū)的圖像資料,不受季節(jié)和溫度的影響,利于人工魚礁的設(shè)計、改進及海洋牧場自動化監(jiān)控。所設(shè)計的人工魚礁由人工魚礁礁體、漂浮盤體和聯(lián)結(jié)它們的吊具組成。成像系統(tǒng)裝置則包含安放于漂浮盤體上的太陽能發(fā)電裝置、pc Duino V3嵌入式開發(fā)電路板以及位于水下的拍攝裝置。太陽能電池板為水下的拍攝裝置和魚礁礁體上的LED燈條提供能源,pc Duino V3嵌入式開發(fā)電路板可控制水下攝像頭對魚礁礁體周圍的區(qū)域進行實時的監(jiān)測。分別對以上各部分進行了結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計,并確定了各部件的尺寸和材質(zhì),對魚礁礁體綜合性能的參數(shù)進行計算與校核。應(yīng)用Fluent軟件針對魚礁體的兩種布局進行流場效應(yīng)的模擬仿真,模擬了0.2 m/s~1.4 m/s七種不同的來流速度,分別對這兩種布局方式下的上升流的特性和背渦流的特性進行了分析,通過對兩組模擬仿真數(shù)據(jù)的比較,得出正對組的布局方式更能發(fā)揮良好的流場效應(yīng)的結(jié)論以便正確指導(dǎo)魚礁投放。所設(shè)計的人工魚礁的成像系統(tǒng)硬件平臺是在pc Duino V3嵌入式開發(fā)板上建立的,軟件平臺是在Linux嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上開發(fā)的,本文完成了包括嵌入式開發(fā)板、USB攝像頭、嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)的選擇型設(shè)計,嵌入式開發(fā)平臺的構(gòu)建,motion的安裝與圖像參數(shù)的配置,網(wǎng)絡(luò)文件共享系統(tǒng)的配置等,實現(xiàn)了水下圖像的采集與無線傳輸。對設(shè)計的人工魚礁礁體縮小一定比例進行了3D打印,放入水槽進行了模擬實驗,通過模擬實驗可以觀測到人工魚礁具有一定的聚魚效果,可實現(xiàn)了水下圖像采集和無線傳輸?shù)墓δ?從而證明設(shè)計的正確性合理性,可實現(xiàn)海洋牧場人工礁區(qū)的自動監(jiān)控。
[Abstract]:As a result of overfishing and environmental pollution, the global fishery resources have continued to decline, many natural fisheries have been severely damaged, and the construction of marine rangelands, the main means of remediation of artificial reefs, has been developing rapidly in coastal countries around the world, And achieved good results. The species and function of artificial reef are diverse, and its fish gathering effect is one of the important indexes to evaluate the rationality of artificial reef design. At present, all the images and videos taken by divers in the reef area are used to analyze the fish accumulation effect of artificial reef, which is not only limited by season and temperature, but also wasted manpower and material resources. In this paper, an artificial reef and its automatic imaging system are designed. The reef not only provides a good living environment for fish, but also improves the marine ecological environment. The location of the reef, the placement of the reef, and the real-time remote monitoring of the reef can be viewed on the computer at any time through the network and the image data of the artificial reef area can be viewed at any time. It is not affected by the season and temperature, and is conducive to the design of the artificial reef. Improvement and automatic monitoring of marine pasture. The designed artificial reef is composed of artificial reef body, floating plate body and hoist connecting them. The imaging system consists of a solar power generation device, a PC Duino V3 embedded development circuit board, and an underwater shooting device, which is mounted on a floating disk. Solar panels provide energy for underwater photographers and LED lamp strips on reef bodies. The embedded circuit board can control underwater cameras to monitor the area around the reef body in real time. The structure of each part was designed, and the size and material of each component were determined. The parameters of comprehensive performance of reef were calculated and checked. Using Fluent software to simulate the flow field effect of two different configurations of reef body, seven different incoming velocities of 0.2 m/s~1.4 m / s are simulated. The characteristics of upwelling current and back eddy current under these two layout modes are analyzed respectively. By comparing the two groups of simulation data, it is concluded that the layout of the two groups can play a better role in the flow field effect in order to guide the reef placement correctly. The hardware platform of the artificial reef imaging system is established on the PC Duino V3 embedded development board, and the software platform is developed on the basis of the embedded operating system of Linux. The selective design of embedded operating system, the construction of embedded development platform, the installation of motion and the configuration of image parameters, and the configuration of network file sharing system have realized the underwater image acquisition and wireless transmission. 3D printing was carried out on the designed artificial reef to reduce a certain proportion, and the simulated experiment was carried out in the flume. Through the simulation experiment, it can be observed that the artificial reef has a certain effect of fish accumulation. The functions of underwater image acquisition and wireless transmission can be realized, which proves the correctness and rationality of the design and realizes the automatic monitoring of artificial reef area of ocean pasture.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S953.1;S951.2

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