本文選題：蛋白質(zhì)水平 + 藏羊　； 參考：《青海大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究結(jié)合青海藏羊生產(chǎn)實(shí)際及其營(yíng)養(yǎng)需要,對(duì)不同蛋白質(zhì)水平下藏羊生長(zhǎng)性能、血清指標(biāo)、尿液指標(biāo)、尿沉渣指標(biāo)、泌尿組織損傷及結(jié)石成分進(jìn)行了研究,旨在探究既能促進(jìn)藏羊生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育,又能降低尿路感染而引起發(fā)病的合理日糧蛋白質(zhì)水平,為促進(jìn)舍飼藏羊高效生產(chǎn)提供理論依據(jù)。試驗(yàn)選取90只2月齡斷奶藏羔羊,隨機(jī)分為3組,分別飼喂同能量不同蛋白質(zhì)水平,即10.8%(LP,low protein))、12.0%(MP,middle protein)、13.2%(HP,high protein)三種蛋白質(zhì)水平日糧,試驗(yàn)期127d,其中預(yù)飼期7d,正試期120d。主要結(jié)果如下:(1)生長(zhǎng)性能:60~90d、90~120d和0~120d平均日增重,MP組分別高出LP組和HP組,其中在60~90d MP組分別高出LP組和HP組20.06%和16.51%(P0.05),90~120d MP組分別高出LP組和HP組21.47%和18.75%(P0.05);0~120d MP組分別高出LP組和HP組19.39%和6.39%(P0.05);料重比,MP組最低,單位成本增重和凈收入,MP組最高。(2)肌纖維特性:在10.8%~13.2%的日糧蛋白質(zhì)水平下,藏羊肌肉肌纖維直徑、面積與蛋白質(zhì)水平和飼養(yǎng)天數(shù)呈正相關(guān),而肌纖維密度則正相反。(3)血清指標(biāo):120d,Ig A,MP組分別顯著高于LP、HP組(P0.05);IgG,MP組高于LP組(P0.05),略高于HP組(P0.05);Ig M,MP組LP組HP組(P0.05);總蛋白,MP、HP之間差異不顯著(P0.05),高于LP(P0.05);白蛋白,MP組LP組HP組(P0.05);白球比MP組LP組(P0.05),MP組HP組(P0.05);尿素氮、肌酐、尿素氮/肌酐、層黏蛋白、IV型膠原及磷離子、鎂離子、鉀離子、氨,HP組顯著高于MP組和LP組(P0.05);抗利尿激素,HP組顯著低于LP、MP組(P0.05)。(4)尿液指標(biāo):120d,總蛋白、尿素氮/肌酐、鈣、磷、鎂、鉀離子,HP組顯著高于LP和MP組(P0.05),而尿素氮、肌酐HP組顯著低于LP、MP組(P0.05)。(5)尿沉渣指標(biāo):60d,尿沉渣白細(xì)胞,LP組分別顯著高于MP、HP組(P0.05),電導(dǎo)率,LP組MP組HP組P0.05),細(xì)菌,LP組MP組HP組;120d,白細(xì)胞、紅細(xì)胞、上皮細(xì)胞、結(jié)晶、類酵母菌、小圓細(xì)胞、細(xì)菌,HP組顯著高于LP、MP組(P0.05),電導(dǎo)率,HP組分別顯著低于LP、MP組(P0.05),且HP組有管型。(6)泌尿系統(tǒng)組織的觀察:LP、MP組泌尿組織未出現(xiàn)明顯損傷。HP組腎小球上皮細(xì)胞呈局灶性增生,充血,官腔閉塞,腎小球體積變大,腎小囊和腎小管腫脹。輸尿管管腔內(nèi)出現(xiàn)細(xì)胞碎片,粘膜細(xì)胞充血,固有層及肌層細(xì)胞細(xì)胞核消失,細(xì)胞呈空泡樣改變,毛細(xì)血管擴(kuò)張,充血。膀胱黏膜脫落,變得參差不齊,且充斥著大量紅細(xì)胞,膀胱粘膜層及固有膜層內(nèi)毛細(xì)血管擴(kuò)張,充血,固有膜層內(nèi)有白色蛋白樣物質(zhì)滲出,膀胱肌層細(xì)胞內(nèi)呈空泡樣改變。陰莖管腔內(nèi)出現(xiàn)細(xì)胞碎片,粘膜細(xì)胞增生,且排列紊亂。多數(shù)細(xì)胞器消失,線粒體腫脹。(7)膀胱結(jié)石的觀察與分析:膀胱結(jié)石為白色塊狀,直徑為0.05~2mm,硬度小,質(zhì)地脆,易揉成粉末。主要成分為Mg(NH_4)PO_4·6H_2O,次要成分為Mg KPO_4·6H_2O。
[Abstract]:In this study, the growth performance, serum index, urine index, urinary sediment index, urinary tissue injury and stone composition of Tibetan sheep under different protein levels were studied in combination with the actual production and nutritional needs of Qinghai Tibetan sheep. The aim of this study was to explore the rational dietary protein level which could promote the growth and development of Tibetan sheep and reduce the incidence of urinary tract infection, and provide a theoretical basis for promoting the efficient production of Tibetan sheep in house feeding. 90 2-month-old weaned Tibetan lambs were randomly divided into three groups. The diets were fed with different protein levels at the same energy level, I. e. 10.8 LPlow protein level and 12.0% MPmiddle protein level. The experiment period was 127 days, including 7 days in prefeeding period and 120 days in positive test period. The main results were as follows: (1) the average daily gain (ADG) MP of the growth performance of the two groups was higher than that of LP group and HP group, respectively, in 120d and 120d, respectively, and the average daily gain of MP group was higher than that of LP group and HP group. On the 60th day, the MP levels in the MP group were 20.06% and 16.51% higher than those in LP group and HP group, respectively, and 21.47% and 18.75% higher in LP group and HP group than in LP group and HP group, respectively, and 19.39% and 6.39P0.05% higher in MP group and 6.39P0.05% in HP group, respectively. Under the dietary protein level of 10.8%, the diameter and area of muscle fiber in Tibetan sheep were positively correlated with protein level and feeding days. The density of muscle fiber was opposite.) the serum index of myofibrillar density was significantly higher in IgAMP group than that in LP group (P 0.05), and slightly higher than that in HP group (P 0.05), Ig MMP group in LP group (P 0.05), the difference of total protein MPHP in HP group was not significant (P 0.05), and that in albumin MP group was higher than that in LP group (P < 0.05), while that in LP group was higher than that in LP group (P < 0.05). P0. 05, P0. 05, P0. 05, P0. 05, P0. 05, urea-nitrogen, in LP, MP, LP, MP, HP, P0. 05, P0. 05, P0. 05, Creatinine, urea nitrogen / creatinine, laminin type IV collagen and phosphorus ion, magnesium ion, potassium ion, ammonia group HP group were significantly higher than MP group and LP group (P 0.05), and antidiuretic hormone HP group was significantly lower than LPMP group (P 0.05) urine index, total protein, urea nitrogen / creatinine, calcium, calcium, total protein, urea nitrogen / creatinine, calcium, total protein, urea nitrogen / creatinine. P, mg, K + + HP group was significantly higher than LP and MP group (P 0.05), but urea nitrogen was higher in HP group than in LP and MP group. The urinary sediment index of HP group was significantly lower than that of LPMP group (P 0.05, P < 0.05). The urinary sediment index of LP group was significantly higher than that of MPHP group (P 0.05), the electrical conductivity of LP group was significantly higher than that of LP group (MP group P 0.05N), bacterial LP group MP group (P < 0.01), white blood cell, erythrocyte, epithelial cell, crystallization, yeasts. Small round cells in HP group were significantly higher than those in LPMP group (P 0.05), the electrical conductivity in HP group was significantly lower than that in LPMP group (P 0.05), and the urinary system tissue in HP group had tubular type. The urinary tissue of the HP group was not significantly damaged. The glomerular epithelial cells in HP group showed focal hyperplasia. Congestive, obliterated, glomerular volume, renal capsule and tubule swelling. Cell fragments appeared in the ureteral cavity, mucosal cells were congested, the nuclei of the lamina propria and myometrium disappeared, the cells were vacuolated, capillaries dilated and congested. Bladder mucous membrane fell off, became uneven, and filled with a large number of red blood cells, bladder mucosa and lamina propria capillaries dilated, hyperemia, the lamina propria of white protein-like substances exudate, bladder myometrial cells showed vacuolar changes. Cell fragments appeared in the penile lumen, mucosal cells proliferated and arranged in disorder. Most organelles disappeared and mitochondria swelling. 7) observation and analysis of bladder stone: the bladder stone is white block, diameter is 0.05 ~ 2 mm, hardness is small, texture is brittle, easy to knead into powder. The main component is Mg(NH_4)PO_4 6H _ 2O and the minor component is mg KPO_4 _ 6H _ 2O.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青海大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S826.5

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