發(fā)布時間：2018-05-01 18:11

  本文選題：海馬齒生態(tài)浮床 + 高位池　； 參考：《中山大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本實驗的研究基地位于湛江徐聞,以鋪設有海馬齒生態(tài)浮床的高位池塘作為試驗塘,無鋪設浮床的高位塘作為對照塘,兩種塘均放養(yǎng)凡納濱對蝦(Litopenaeus vannamei)和卵形鯧湽(Trachinotus ovatus)。通過研究試驗塘和對照塘的水質(zhì)變化、對蝦和卵形鯧湽生長情況以及肌肉品質(zhì),評價海馬齒生態(tài)浮床對高位池塘養(yǎng)殖水體的凈化修復效果及對水產(chǎn)品養(yǎng)殖效果的改善,以期為海馬齒浮床在水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖中的推廣應用提供更多的科學依據(jù)。1、海馬齒浮床對高位池水體的凈化效果實驗結果表明:(1)實驗塘鹽度變化在15.3-24.3之間,海馬齒葉片鮮綠且茂盛,根系發(fā)達,分蘗較多,說明海馬齒在此鹽度變化范圍內(nèi)能夠生長良好。(2)經(jīng)過近四個月的處理,試驗塘中氨氮、亞硝態(tài)氮、總氮、活性磷和COD的含量顯著低于對照塘(P0.05),水體透明度顯著高于對照塘(P0.05),說明海馬齒能降低污水中營養(yǎng)鹽,提高水體透明度。海馬齒對養(yǎng)殖水體中NH4+-N、NO--N、TN、PO43--P、COD去除率分別達到47.41%、89.02%、42.24%、76.07%、66.09%,因此,海馬齒浮床系統(tǒng)能有效去除水體中污染物。2、海馬齒浮床對高位池魚、蝦生長等性狀的影響實驗結果表明:(1)養(yǎng)殖期間,試驗塘對蝦體長、體長特定生長率均高于對照塘且存在顯著性差異(P0.05);試驗塘魚蝦體重特定生長率都高于對照塘且存在顯著性差異(P0.05);試驗結束后,試驗塘魚蝦體重均顯著高于對照塘(P0.05)。(2)試驗塘卵形鯧湽肝體比與對照塘差異不顯著(P0.05),但是略高于對照塘;試驗塘凡納濱對蝦肝體比顯著低于對照塘(P0.05);試驗塘卵形鯧湽肥滿度顯著高于對照塘(P0.05),凡納濱對蝦則差異不顯著(P0.05);試驗塘卵形鯧湽空殼體質(zhì)量比與對照塘差異不顯著(P0.05);試驗塘凡納濱對蝦空殼體質(zhì)量比顯著高于對照塘(P0.05)。海馬齒生態(tài)浮床的鋪設使得養(yǎng)殖環(huán)境得到很好的改善,進而改善了魚蝦的生長狀況。3、海馬齒浮床對高位池魚、蝦肌肉品質(zhì)的影響實驗結果表明:(1)養(yǎng)殖結束后,試驗塘凡納濱對蝦和卵形鯧湽的滴水損失、失水率、貯存損失顯著低于對照塘(P0.05);試驗塘卵形鯧湽的冷凍滲出率顯著低于對照塘(P0.05);試驗塘凡納濱對蝦熟肉率顯著高于對照塘(P0.05)。(2)試驗塘卵形鯧湽的水分、粗脂肪顯著低于對照塘(P0.05),粗蛋白顯著高于對照塘(P0.05);試驗塘凡納濱對蝦粗蛋白顯著高于對照塘(P0.05),粗脂肪顯著低于對照塘(P0.05)。(3)實驗塘中卵形鯧湽和凡納濱對蝦肌肉的總氨基酸含量、鮮味氨基酸含量和必需氨基酸含量均顯著高于對照塘(P0.05)。(4)試驗塘卵形鯧湽和凡納濱對蝦的飽和脂肪酸(SFA)均顯著低于對照塘(P0.05),單不飽和脂肪酸(MUFA)顯著高于對照塘(P0.05),多不飽和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量包括EPA和DHA均顯著高于對照塘(P0.05)。綜上,海馬齒浮床能提高肌肉系水力,對魚蝦肌肉品質(zhì)產(chǎn)生了積極的影響,提高了魚蝦的營養(yǎng)價值。
[Abstract]:The research base of this experiment is located in Xuwen, Zhanjiang. A high pond with a seahorse ecological floating bed is used as the test pond, and the high position pond without floated bed is used as the control pond. The two kinds of ponds are fed with Litopenaeus vannamei and Trachinotus ovatus. By studying the water quality changes of the test pond and the control pond, the shrimp and the shrimp and the control pond are studied. In order to provide more scientific basis for the popularization and application of sea horse tooth floating bed in aquaculture, the purification effect of seahorse buoyant bed on the water of the high pool water is provided by the.1. The results were as follows: (1) the salinity of the experimental pond changed between 15.3-24.3, the leaves of the hippocampus were bright green and flourishing, the roots developed and the tillers were more, indicating that the sea horse teeth could grow well within the salinity range. (2) after nearly four months of treatment, the content of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, total nitrogen, active phosphorus and COD in the test pond was significantly lower than that of the control pond (P0.05). The body transparency was significantly higher than that of the control pond (P0.05), indicating that hippocampal teeth could reduce nutrients in sewage and improve water transparency. The removal rates of NH4+-N, NO--N, TN, PO43--P and COD in aquaculture water reached 47.41%, 89.02%, 42.24%, 76.07%, 66.09% respectively. Therefore, the sea horse tooth floating bed system could effectively remove pollutants.2 in water body and the floating bed of hippocampal teeth. The experimental results showed that: (1) during the culture period, the body length of the shrimp was longer and the specific growth rate of the body length was higher than that of the control pond (P0.05). The specific growth rate of the body weight of the fish and shrimp in the test pond was higher than that of the control pond (P0.05); after the test, the weight of the fish and shrimp in the test pond was all obvious. It was higher than the control pond (P0.05). (2) there was no significant difference in the liver body ratio in the test pond (P0.05), but slightly higher than that of the control pond; the liver body ratio of Penaeus vannamei was significantly lower than that of the control pond (P0.05), and the fatness of the pimopex was significantly higher than that of the control pond (P0.05), and the difference was not significant (P0.05) in the vannopus vannamei (P0.05). The mass ratio of the empty shell was not significant (P0.05), the mass ratio of the shell body of Penaeus vannamei was significantly higher than that of the control pond (P0.05). The laying of the ecological floating bed of the hippocampal teeth improved the culture environment well, and then improved the growth of the fish and shrimp, and the effect of the sea horse tooth floating bed on the quality of the high pond fish and the shrimp muscle. The results were as follows: (1) the loss of water drop, water loss rate and storage loss were significantly lower than that of the control pond (P0.05). The rate of frozen exudation in the test pond was significantly lower than that of the control pond (P0.05); the rate of cooked meat of Penaeus vannamei was significantly higher than that of the control pond (P0.05) in the test pond (P0.05). (2) the water of the ovate ponds in the test pond. The crude fat was significantly lower than the control pond (P0.05), and the crude protein was significantly higher than that of the control pond (P0.05). The crude protein of Penaeus vannamei was significantly higher than that of the control pond (P0.05), and the crude fat was significantly lower than that of the control pond (P0.05). (3) the total amino acid content, the content of fresh amino acids and the essential amino acid content of the muscle of the ovate ovate and Penaeus vannamei in the experimental pond Both significantly higher than the control pond (P0.05). (4) the saturated fatty acid (SFA) of the pontovex and Penaeus vannamei was significantly lower than that of the control pond (P0.05), and the monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) was significantly higher than that of the control pond (P0.05). The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), including EPA and DHA, was significantly higher than that of the control pond (P0.05). The water power of meat has a positive effect on the quality of fish and shrimp, and improves the nutritional value of fish and shrimp.

【學位授予單位】：中山大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S968.22;S965

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