發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-14 02:36

  本文選題：鑭 + UV-B�。� 參考：《沈陽(yáng)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：增強(qiáng)UV-B輻射會(huì)抑制植物光合特性,破壞植株細(xì)胞膜,對(duì)膜系統(tǒng)等生物機(jī)體結(jié)構(gòu)造成傷害。適宜濃度的鑭能提高細(xì)胞膜的保護(hù)功能,增強(qiáng)植物對(duì)不良環(huán)境的抵抗能力。素有"牧草之王"的紫花苜蓿,是優(yōu)良的豆科牧草,在中國(guó)乃至世界廣泛種植。本文以紫花苜蓿為試驗(yàn)材料,采用樣方法條播與葉面噴施方式,研究UV-B輻射增強(qiáng)(5%和10%)下,在不同生育期(分枝期、初花期)噴施氯化鑭(30、60和90 mg·L-1)對(duì)紫花苜蓿生理特性的影響。結(jié)果表明:在UV-B輻射增強(qiáng)5%時(shí),分枝期氯化鑭處理后,在初花期,30 mg·L-1處理下紫花苜蓿凈光合速率(Pn)、PSⅡ最大光化學(xué)量子產(chǎn)量(Fv/Fm)、超氧陰離子自由基(O2-·)和過(guò)氧化氫(H2O2)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、過(guò)氧化氫酶(CAT)和過(guò)氧化物酶(POD)、脯氨酸(Pro)、可溶性糖含量和地上生物量均呈明顯上升趨勢(shì)(P0.05),葉綠素含量、電子傳遞速率(ETR)、相對(duì)外滲電導(dǎo)率、丙二醛(MDA)、類胡蘿卜素(Car)和可溶性蛋白(Pr)含量均呈明顯下降趨勢(shì)(P0.05);在盛花期,Pn、Fv/Fm、ETR、SOD、CAT、POD、Pro和地上生物量均呈明顯上升趨勢(shì)(P0.05),其余指標(biāo)均呈明顯下降趨勢(shì)(P0.05);在成熟期,Pn、Fv/Fm、ETR、SOD、CAT、POD、Pro、可溶性糖和地上生物量均呈明顯上升趨勢(shì)(P0.05),其余指標(biāo)均呈明顯下降趨勢(shì)(P0.05)。在初花期氯化鑭處理后,在整個(gè)生育時(shí)期,除 Pro 外,葉綠素含量、Pn、Fv/Fm、ETR、SOD、CAT、POD、Car、可溶性糖、Pr和地上生物量均呈明顯上升趨勢(shì)(P0.05),其余指標(biāo)均呈明顯下降趨勢(shì)(P0.05)。此外,60 mg·L-1的鑭保護(hù)效果次之,90 mg·L-1最次,說(shuō)明30 mg·L-1的氯化鑭可以提高葉片酶活性,增強(qiáng)清除活性氧的能力,緩解低劑量UV-B輻射對(duì)葉片造成的氧化損傷。在UV-B輻射增強(qiáng)10%時(shí),分枝期氯化鑭處理后,在初花期,60 mg·L-1處理下紫花苜蓿Pn、Fv/Fm、SOD、CAT、POD、Pro、可溶性糖和地上生物量均呈明顯上升趨勢(shì)(P0.05),其余指標(biāo)呈明顯下降趨勢(shì)(P0.05);在盛花期,Fv/Fm、SOD、CAT、POD、Car、Pro、可溶性糖和地上生物量均呈明顯上升趨勢(shì)(P0.05),其余指標(biāo)呈明顯下降趨勢(shì)(P0.05);在成熟期,Fv/Fm、ETR、H2O2、SOD、CAT、POD、Car、Pro、可溶性糖和地上生物量均呈明顯上升趨勢(shì)(P0.05),其余指標(biāo)呈明顯下降趨勢(shì)(P0.05)。初花期氯化鑭處理后,在整個(gè)生育時(shí)期,除 ETR 和 Pro外,葉綠素含量、Pn、Fv/Fm、ETR、SOD、CAT、POD、Car、可溶性糖、Pr和地上生物量均呈明顯上升趨勢(shì)(P0.05),其余指標(biāo)呈明顯下降趨勢(shì)(P0.05)。此外,30 mg·L-1的鑭保護(hù)效果次之,90 mg·L-1最次,說(shuō)明60 mg·L-1的氯化鑭可以提高葉片酶活性,增強(qiáng)清除活性氧的能力,緩解高劑量UV-B輻射對(duì)葉片造成的氧化損傷。對(duì)比不同的噴施方案可知,在初花期噴施氯化鑭溶液緩解UV-B輻射效果較明顯于分枝期,緩解效果以盛花期和成熟期較為明顯。
[Abstract]:Enhanced UV-B radiation can inhibit plant photosynthetic characteristics, destroy plant cell membrane, and damage organism structure such as membrane system.The suitable concentration of lanthanum can improve the protective function of cell membrane and enhance the resistance of plants to adverse environment.Alfalfa, known as "King of forage", is an excellent legume forage, widely planted in China and even the world.In this paper, alfalfa was used as experimental material to study the effects of spraying lanthanum chloride 3060 and 90mg / L on physiological characteristics of alfalfa at different growth stages (branching stage, early flowering stage) under 5% and 10% UV-B radiation enhancement.The results showed that when UV-B radiation was increased by 5%, the branching phase of lanthanum chloride was treated with lanthanum chloride.The maximum photochemical quantum yield (FV / Fm), superoxide anion free radical (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H _ 2O _ 2), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (catalase), peroxidase (POD), proline (P _ (2) O _ (2 +)) and peroxidase (POD) and proline (P _ (鈪，

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