本文選題：夏玉米 + 土壤水分脅迫��； 參考：《中國氣象科學研究院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：葉片是光合作用的重要器官,其含水量的變化必將影響光合作用,同時葉片含水量是大氣干燥度、土壤供水能力和作物耐旱能力綜合作用的體現(xiàn)。研究葉片含水量變化及其對光合作用的影響可為進一步提高光合作用模擬的準確性和客觀辨識夏玉米干旱的發(fā)生發(fā)展及監(jiān)測預警提供參考。本論文以2014年6-10月在中國氣象科學研究院固城生態(tài)與農(nóng)業(yè)氣象試驗站開展的夏玉米三葉期6個水分梯度持續(xù)干旱模擬試驗資料為基礎,分析不同土壤水分脅迫強度、持續(xù)時間及不同生育期下夏玉米葉片含水量變化及其與葉片凈光合速率的關系。主要研究結果如下:(1)葉片含水量對土壤水分變化存在閾值響應,在受到一定程度土壤水分脅迫后,葉片含水量開始顯著下降。土壤水分脅迫強度影響葉片含水量的下降速率,土壤水分脅迫程度越重,葉片含水量下降速率越大;土壤水分脅迫持續(xù)時間增加降低葉片含水量,減小處理間差異;不同生育期的夏玉米葉片含水量隨土壤相對濕度的變化速率不同,葉片含水量下降速率變化次序為拔節(jié)期三葉期七葉期。夏玉米葉片含水量的變化與土壤相對濕度呈非直角雙曲線關系,葉片最大含水量為85.14%。(2)指出葉片含水量是影響夏玉米葉片凈光合速率的重要因子,且葉片凈光合速率與一定范圍內(nèi)的葉片含水量呈顯著的二次曲線關系,過高或過低的葉片含水量將導致二次曲線關系不顯著。(3)夏玉米葉片凈光合速率為零時的葉片含水量隨土壤水分脅迫程度的加劇總體呈減小趨勢;隨土壤水分脅迫持續(xù)時間的增加呈先減小后增加趨勢;不同生育期的夏玉米葉片光合作用為零的葉片含水量存在差異,呈現(xiàn)為三葉期拔節(jié)期七葉期。平均而言,當葉片含水量減小到70.30%時,葉片凈光合速率為零。(4)發(fā)展完善了包含葉片含水量影響的C4植物Rubisco酶活性限制光合作用生化機理模型。
[Abstract]:Leaf is an important organ of photosynthesis, and the change of water content of leaf will affect photosynthesis. Meanwhile, the water content of leaf is the comprehensive function of atmospheric dryness, soil water supply ability and drought tolerance ability of crops.The study of leaf water content change and its effect on photosynthesis can provide a reference for further improving the accuracy of photosynthesis simulation and objectively identifying the occurrence and development of summer maize drought and monitoring and early warning.Based on the simulated data of 6 water gradients of summer maize at Gucheng Ecological and Agrometeorological Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences from June to October 2014, this paper analyzed the different soil water stress intensity.The relationship between leaf water content and net photosynthetic rate of summer maize at different growth stages.The main results were as follows: (1) there was a threshold response of leaf water content to soil moisture change, and the leaf water content began to decrease significantly after a certain degree of soil water stress.The intensity of soil water stress affected the decreasing rate of leaf water content, the more serious the soil water stress, the greater the decline rate of leaf water content, the longer the duration of soil water stress, the lower the leaf water content and the difference between treatments.The variation rate of water content in summer maize leaves with soil relative humidity was different at different growth stages, and the decreasing rate of leaf water content was in the order of jointing three-leaf stage and seven-leaf stage.The relationship between leaf water content and soil relative humidity was non-right hyperbolic, and the maximum leaf water content was 85.14%, which indicated that leaf water content was an important factor affecting the net photosynthetic rate of summer maize leaves.The relationship between leaf net photosynthetic rate and leaf water content in a certain range was significantly conic.Too high or too low leaf water content will cause the quadratic curve relationship is not significant.) the leaf water content with 00:00 net photosynthetic rate of summer maize leaves decreases with the increase of soil water stress.With the increase of the duration of soil water stress, it decreased first and then increased, and the leaf water content of summer maize leaves with zero photosynthesis at different growth stages was different, which appeared to be the seventh leaf stage at jointing stage.On average, when the leaf water content decreased to 70.30, the net photosynthetic rate of leaves was zero. 4) the biochemical mechanism model of Rubisco activity restriction photosynthesis in C4 plants with the effect of leaf water content was improved.
【學位授予單位】：中國氣象科學研究院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S513

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本文編號：1747840