發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-14 02:30

  本文選題：烤煙品種 + 根構(gòu)型　； 參考：《湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究通過采用砂培試驗(yàn)對(duì)不同烤煙品種的根構(gòu)型、葉片中鉀素和氮素的含量進(jìn)行研究,為選擇合適的烤煙品種根構(gòu)型,提高煙株根系對(duì)鉀素、氮素的吸收率,保障栽培過程中肥料的高效利用及優(yōu)質(zhì)煙葉的穩(wěn)定生產(chǎn)提供重要的理論實(shí)踐依據(jù)。本研究主要有以下結(jié)果：1、盆栽試驗(yàn)(移栽后100天)結(jié)果表明,五個(gè)烤煙品種K326、云煙87、紅花大金元、中煙100、G80中,根構(gòu)型參數(shù)和煙葉干物質(zhì)量最大的均為K326,與其他四個(gè)處理差異顯著,其煙葉干物質(zhì)量達(dá)到45.26g；根構(gòu)型參數(shù)和煙葉干物質(zhì)量最小的均為G80,其煙葉干物質(zhì)量?jī)H為33.77g。2、根構(gòu)型差異最大的兩個(gè)品種K326和G80,K326各部位煙葉含鉀量符合國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)均達(dá)到2.0%以上,與其他四個(gè)品種差異顯著,而G80僅中部葉煙葉含量達(dá)到2.59%達(dá)到國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；K326和G80各部位煙葉含氮量從上部葉至下部葉呈逐漸遞減的趨勢(shì)。3、對(duì)根系差異最大的兩個(gè)烤煙品種進(jìn)行不定根的誘導(dǎo),K326和G80進(jìn)行不定根誘導(dǎo)之后,各部位煙葉含氮量、含鉀量及干物質(zhì)量均大于未經(jīng)誘導(dǎo)不定根處理。而不同品種相同處理間,K326煙葉各部位指標(biāo)均高于G80處理。4、苗期G80根系根構(gòu)型大于K326根構(gòu)型,隨著煙株的生長(zhǎng),根系根構(gòu)型不斷變化,各參數(shù)不斷變大。同時(shí)在正常施肥的處理情況下,隨著煙株的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育K326根構(gòu)型參數(shù)逐漸大于G80根構(gòu)型各參數(shù),與苗期呈相反的狀況。5、兩個(gè)品種在不同的施肥處理下,對(duì)比煙株在正常施肥的狀況下,各品種根構(gòu)型明顯均大于只施加蒸餾水處理。在缺失各營養(yǎng)元素的情況下煙株根系生長(zhǎng)受到抑制,且在缺氮的狀況下,煙株根系根構(gòu)型明顯小于缺鉀的狀況。綜上所述：五個(gè)品種中根構(gòu)型差異最大的品種為K326和G80,同時(shí)在成熟期各根構(gòu)型參數(shù)最大的烤煙品種K326,其煙葉含氮量、含鉀量及干物質(zhì)量的積累均達(dá)到國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn),煙葉品質(zhì)量較好。而各根構(gòu)型參數(shù)最小的烤煙品種G80,其煙葉含氮量、含鉀量相對(duì)較差,同時(shí)其煙葉干物質(zhì)量的積累相對(duì)較小。不同烤煙品種分別進(jìn)行不定根的誘導(dǎo)后,對(duì)于煙株養(yǎng)分的吸收及干物質(zhì)量的積累均具有顯著的促進(jìn)作用。施肥因素是對(duì)煙葉干物質(zhì)量、煙葉中含氮量和含鉀量的積累影響最大的因素,其次為根構(gòu)型和施肥因素的共同影響。在施加蒸餾水和缺氮的狀況下,K326根系生長(zhǎng)受到抑制,其干物質(zhì)的積累量、煙葉含氮量、含鉀量均小于G80。在缺鉀的狀況下,K326根系的生長(zhǎng)雖然受到抑制,但是仍得到較強(qiáng)的生長(zhǎng),其根構(gòu)型大于G80缺鉀處理。同時(shí)缺鉀處理煙葉干物質(zhì)的積累量、煙葉含氮量、含鉀量均大于G80,同施加全素營養(yǎng)液處理的變化趨勢(shì)相同。
[Abstract]:In this study, the root configuration, potassium and nitrogen content in leaves of different flue-cured tobacco varieties were studied by sand culture experiment. In order to select suitable root configuration of flue-cured tobacco varieties and improve the absorption rate of potassium and nitrogen from roots of tobacco plants,To ensure the efficient use of fertilizer and the stable production of high quality tobacco leaf during cultivation, the important theoretical and practical basis is provided.The main results of this study were as follows: 1, pot experiment (100 days after transplanting). The results showed that five flue-cured tobacco varieties K326, Yunyan 87, Honghua Dajinyuan, Zhongyan 100 G80,The maximum root configuration parameters and dry weight of tobacco leaves were K326, which were significantly different from the other four treatments.The dry weight of tobacco leaf was 45.26g.The root configuration parameter and dry weight of tobacco leaf were the lowest, and the dry weight of tobacco leaf was only 33.77g. 2. The potassium content of the two varieties K326 and G80K326, which had the biggest difference in root configuration, met the international standard of more than 2.0%.There was a significant difference from the other four varieties.However, the content of nitrogen in the middle leaves of G80 only reached 2.59% of the international standard. The nitrogen content of tobacco leaves in different parts of G80 decreased gradually from the upper leaf to the lower leaf. The two flue-cured tobacco varieties with the biggest difference in root system were induced by adventitious roots.After adventitious root induction with G80,The contents of nitrogen, potassium and dry matter in tobacco leaves were higher than those in uninduced adventitious roots.The root structure of G80 was higher than that of K326 at seedling stage, and the root configuration of G80 was larger than that of K326 at seedling stage.At the same time, under the condition of normal fertilization, with the growth and development of tobacco plant K326, the configuration parameters of K326 were gradually larger than those of G80, which was opposite to the seedling stage. The two varieties were treated with different fertilization treatments.Compared with normal fertilization, the root configuration of each variety was obviously larger than that of distilled water treatment.The root growth of tobacco plant was inhibited under the condition of lacking all nutrient elements, and the root configuration of tobacco plant was obviously smaller than that of potassium deficiency under the condition of nitrogen deficiency.To sum up: K326 and G80 were the most different in root configuration among the five varieties, and K326, the flue-cured tobacco variety with the largest root configuration parameters at maturity stage, had the highest nitrogen content, potassium content and dry matter mass accumulation in tobacco leaves up to the international standard.The quality of tobacco products is better.However, the leaf nitrogen content and potassium content of flue-cured tobacco variety G80 with the smallest root configuration parameters were relatively poor, and the dry matter accumulation of tobacco leaf was relatively small.The induction of adventitious roots by different flue-cured tobacco varieties had a significant promoting effect on nutrient absorption and dry matter accumulation of tobacco plants.Fertilization was the most important factor affecting the dry matter quality, nitrogen content and potassium accumulation in tobacco leaves, followed by the root configuration and fertilization factors.Under the condition of distilled water and nitrogen deficiency, root growth of K326 was inhibited, and the dry matter accumulation, nitrogen content and potassium content of tobacco leaf were all lower than that of G80.Under the condition of potassium deficiency, the growth of root system was inhibited, but the root structure was higher than that of G80 treatment.At the same time, the accumulation amount of dry matter, nitrogen content and potassium content of tobacco leaf were higher than that of G80, which was the same as that of the treatment with nutrient solution.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S572

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