本文選題：pH　切入點：棘胸蛙蝌蚪　出處：《浙江海洋大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：以1月齡棘胸蛙蝌蚪[體長(1.694±0.121)cm,體質量(0.548±0.062)g]為實驗材料,以經自然曝氣48h自來水[水溫(24±0.2)℃、pH7.30±0.01、DO(7.30±0.01)mg/L]為實驗水源,設置5.5、6.5、7.0、7.5、8.5和9.5等6個pH處理組,在靜水停飼的條件下,觀察pH對蝌蚪行為活動和尾部皮膚色差Hunter L、A、B值影響的同時,較系統(tǒng)開展了pH對其耗氧率、排氨率和窒息點的影響,以及脅迫和恢復條件下棘胸蛙蝌蚪肝臟抗氧化酶(SOD、CAT、GSH)以及尾部皮膚ATP酶和抗氧化酶(SOD、CAT)活力的變化特征。結果表明:(1)蝌蚪分布水層、集群狀況和運動頻率與其所處pH值關系緊密,pH 5.5-6.5實驗組棘胸蛙蝌蚪分布于水體上層且呈分散特征,且伴有浮頭現象;pH 7.0實驗組和pH9.5實驗組棘胸蛙蝌蚪分布整個水體,且伴有浮頭現象;pH 7.5-8.5實驗組棘胸蛙蝌蚪分布于整個水體且呈集群特征;pH 5.5-7.0實驗組蝌蚪運動頻率明顯高于其他實驗組;(2)L值可表示蝌蚪尾部皮膚色差感應pH的指標,pH 8.5時L值最小,表明pH 8.5為顯著改變蝌蚪皮膚色差的臨界值;(3)pH 7.5-9.5時的耗氧率在各時段及夜均、晝均和日均均無顯著差異(P0.05),且顯著高于其余組別(P0.05),故pH 7.5為蝌蚪表露正常耗氧特征的最低臨界值;各實驗組排氨晝夜節(jié)律變化均呈夜均晝均(P0.05),且其日均排氨率與夜均、晝均排氨率均無顯著差異(P0.05),即蝌蚪排氨率在pH脅迫下未受到影響;窒息點含氧量隨pH的升高呈先下降后上升的趨勢,且其pH 7.5時窒息點含氧量最低;(4)pH 7.5為蝌蚪肝臟SOD和CAT酶耐受pH脅迫的最適值,pH 8.5為最高臨界值,且恢復時長僅需6d可恢復到pH7.0水平;GSH酶在pH 7.5時未受到脅迫。(5)pH 7.5為蝌蚪尾部皮膚SOD和CAT酶耐受pH脅迫的最適值,pH 8.5為最高臨界值,且恢復時長僅需6d可恢復到pH7.0水平;ATP酶在pH 7.5時未受到脅迫。
[Abstract]:The tadpoles (1.694 鹵0.121g) and 0.548 鹵0.062g (body weight) were used as experimental materials. The water was exposed to natural aeration for 48h [pH 7.30 鹵0.01DO 7.30 鹵0.01)mg/L]. Six pH groups (5.56.57.07.07.5g and 9.5) were set up under the condition of stopping feeding in static water. The effects of pH on tadpoles' behavior and tail skin color difference (Hunter) were observed. The effects of pH on oxygen consumption rate, ammonia excretion rate and asphyxiation point were carried out systematically. The changes of the activities of liver antioxidant enzyme SODCATH and tail skin ATP enzyme and antioxidant enzyme SOD CAT in tadpoles of Rana spinothornica under stress and recovery were also studied. The results showed that the tadpoles were distributed in water layer. The tadpoles of the experimental group were distributed in the upper layer of the water body with the characteristics of dispersion, and the tadpoles of the experimental group were distributed throughout the water body with floating head phenomenon. The tadpoles of the experimental group and the pH9.5 experimental group were distributed throughout the water body. The tadpoles of the experimental group with floating head phenomenon and pH 7.5-8.5 were distributed in the whole water body and showed cluster characteristics. The tadpoles of the experimental group with pH 5.5-7.0 were significantly higher than those of the other experimental groups. The results indicated that the tadpole tadpoles had the lowest tadpole tadpole tadpole tail skin color difference induced pH at pH 8.5, and the tadpole movement frequency of the experimental group was significantly higher than other experimental groups. The results showed that pH 8.5 was the critical value to change the color difference of tadpole skin significantly. When pH value was 7.5-9.5, the oxygen consumption rate of tadpoles had no significant difference at each time and night, day and day, and was significantly higher than that of other groups, so pH 7.5 was the lowest critical value for tadpoles to show normal oxygen consumption. The circadian rhythm of ammonia excretion in each experimental group was P0.05a, and the average daily ammonia excretion rate was not significantly different from that of night-average ammonia excretion rate, that is, the ammonia excretion rate of tadpoles was not affected by pH stress. The oxygen content of asphyxiated point decreased first and then increased with the increase of pH value, and the lowest oxygen content in asphyxiating point was the lowest at pH 7.5. Ph 7.5 was the most suitable value for SOD and CAT enzyme tolerance to pH stress in tadpole liver and pH 8.5 was the highest critical value. It only took 6 days to recover to pH7.0 level. When pH 7.5 was not under stress, pH 7.5 was the most suitable value for tadpole tail skin SOD and CAT enzyme tolerance to pH stress, and pH 8.5 was the highest critical value for tadpole tail skin SOD and CAT enzyme tolerance to pH stress. The recovery time was only 6 days, and the pH7.0 level could be recovered without stress at pH 7. 5.
【學位授予單位】：浙江海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S917.4

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