本文選題：龍葵花青素　切入點(diǎn)：提取　出處：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：花青素(Anthocyanin),又稱花色素、花青苷,是自然界中一類廣泛存在于植物中的水溶性天然色素,具有抗氧化、抑菌消炎、抗腫瘤、保護(hù)視力等眾多的生理功能,和人工合成色素相比,具有天然產(chǎn)物的優(yōu)勢,被廣泛的應(yīng)用于食品、醫(yī)藥、保健等領(lǐng)域。近些年,國內(nèi)外關(guān)于花青素的研究方向主要集中在花青素的結(jié)構(gòu)鑒定、代謝合成、粗提物的制備以及粗提物功能活性鑒定上,對高純度花青素的制備以及單體的分離研究比較少。在研究對象上則主要集中在葡萄、藍(lán)莓、紫甘薯、紫玉米、黑枸杞、黑米等,對于龍葵果實(shí)中的花青素研究很少。本研究主要研究了龍葵花青素純度的最佳檢測方法、提取和純化工藝以及龍葵花青素對幾種植物病原菌的抑菌效果,得出如下結(jié)論:第一,通過紫外可見光分光光度法、高效液相色譜法和pH示差法三種方法對龍葵和藍(lán)莓花青素的純度進(jìn)行了綜合分析對比,確定了龍葵花青素的最佳檢測方法是高效液相色譜法(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品為矮牽牛色素);第二,通過單因素對比實(shí)驗(yàn),對龍葵花青素的提取和純化工藝進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,確定了最佳的提取劑是pH 1.0的鹽酸水溶液,最佳洗脫劑是pH 1.0鹽酸乙醇溶液,通過三次萃取可以除去龍葵花青素粗提物中大部分的類黃酮物質(zhì);第三,通過抑菌實(shí)驗(yàn),確定了龍葵花青素對玉米紋枯病菌YWK62、水稻稻曲病病菌和水稻條斑病菌RS105均有抑菌效果,在低濃度下抑菌效果不明顯,高濃度下抑菌效果極顯著。以上結(jié)論為花青素的純度檢測、提取純化工藝以及在植物病害防治上的應(yīng)用提供了重要的參考。
[Abstract]:Anthocyanin (anthocyanin), also called anthocyanin, is a kind of water-soluble natural pigment widely found in plants in nature. It has many physiological functions, such as anti-oxidation, bacteriostatic and anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-visual protection and so on, compared with synthetic pigment. With the advantage of natural products, it is widely used in food, medicine, health care and other fields. In recent years, the research direction of anthocyanins at home and abroad is mainly focused on the structural identification of anthocyanins, metabolic synthesis, In the preparation of crude extracts and the identification of their functional activities, the preparation of high purity anthocyanins and the separation of monomers were less studied. The main research objects were grape, blueberry, purple sweet potato, purple corn, black medlar, black rice, etc. There are few studies on anthocyanins in the fruit of Solanum nigrum. This study mainly studied the best detection method for the purity of anthocyanin, the extraction and purification process, and the bacteriostatic effect of anthocyanin on several plant pathogens. The conclusions are as follows: first, The purity of anthocyanin from Solanum nigrum and blueberry was analyzed and compared by ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and pH difference method. The optimum detection method of solanum anthocyanin was determined by HPLC (the standard sample was petunia pigment). Secondly, the extraction and purification of solanum anthocyanin were optimized by single factor contrast experiment. The best extraction agent is hydrochloric acid aqueous solution at pH 1.0, and the best eluent is pH 1.0 hydrochloric acid ethanol solution. Most flavonoids can be removed from solanum anthocyanidin crude extract by three times extraction. Third, through bacteriostasis experiment, The results showed that solanum anthocyanidin had antimicrobial effect on maize sheath blight fungus YWK62, rice smut pathogen and RS105 of rice stripe, but had no obvious inhibitory effect at low concentration, but had remarkable inhibitory effect at high concentration. The above conclusion is the purity of anthocyanin. The extraction and purification process and its application in plant disease prevention and treatment provide important references.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ28;S432.4

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