發(fā)布時間：2018-01-04 16:14

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：光照強(qiáng)度對‘溫185’核桃葉片生理指標(biāo)及果實品質(zhì)的影響　出處：《塔里木大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 核桃 遮蔭 生理指標(biāo) 果實品質(zhì) 光合熒光特性

【摘要】：本文探究農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中核桃喬化密植枝條葉片相互遮蔭對樹體造成的影響。選8年生‘溫185’核桃為試驗材料,采用人工模擬遮蔭,設(shè)置不同梯度光照處理,研究不同光照處理對核桃葉片生理生化指標(biāo)、葉片解剖結(jié)構(gòu)、光合熒光特性及果實品質(zhì)和產(chǎn)量的影響。探究遮蔭對核桃產(chǎn)生的影響,找到合理有效的光照條件為核桃修剪及合理密植等提供理論參考。主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)硬核期時,43%透光率處理下的葉綠素含量較高,自充實期之后,43%透光率處理下葉綠素含量較低,84%透光率處理下葉綠素含量表現(xiàn)出較高的水平,說明短時間重度遮蔭和長時間輕度遮蔭可以提高葉綠素含量。此外,84%透光率處理,能提高海綿組織厚度、表皮細(xì)胞長度、柵欄組織/海綿組織、氣孔長度、氣孔面積,可以較好的改善葉片解剖結(jié)構(gòu);43%透光率處理較全光照短時間內(nèi)可以提高核桃葉片葉綠素含量,提高了0.913 mg·g-1且達(dá)顯著水平;當(dāng)光照處理低于69%透光率時,長時間遮蔭不利于核桃樹體光合產(chǎn)物的積累和抗逆性的提高,主要表現(xiàn)在葉綠素和脯氨酸含量降低,丙二醛含量上升。遮蔭處理較全光照可以提高葉片水勢、葉片面積,但會降低葉片單葉重。(2)油脂轉(zhuǎn)化期,84%透光率處理可以提高葉片的氣孔導(dǎo)度(Gs)、胞間C02濃度(Ci)、蒸騰速率(Tr),較全光照分別高了0.016 mol·m-2·s-1、35.25μmol·mol-1、0.95 mmol·m-2·s-1;重度遮蔭則會降低凈光合速率、氣孔導(dǎo)度、蒸騰速率,較全光照分別低了6.01μmol·m-2·s-1、0.064 mol·m-2·s-1、3.15 mmol·m-2·s-1;遮蔭可以降低初始熒光(F0)、提高最大熒光(Fm)、PSⅡ原初光能轉(zhuǎn)化效率(Fv/Fm)、光合量子產(chǎn)額(ΦPSⅡ)、光化學(xué)猝滅系數(shù)(qP)、非光化學(xué)猝滅系數(shù)(qN),避免高溫強(qiáng)光對核桃產(chǎn)生的脅迫。(3)五種光照環(huán)境中,84%透光率處理下核桃堅果的縱徑最長、單果重最重、出仁率最多、產(chǎn)量最高,分別為39.43 mm、13.88 g、69%、4159 kg·hm-2。43%透光率處理顯著降低了核桃粗脂肪含量、還原糖含量以及核桃內(nèi)果皮厚度,較100%透光率分別低了8%、0.127 mg·g-1、2.66 mm,同時顯著提高了核桃果仁中的纖維素、單寧、總多酚含量,增加了果實木質(zhì)化和澀味,降低了果實口感。遮蔭可以提高核桃果仁中有機(jī)酸、可溶性糖、脂肪酸含量,但各光照處理間無顯著性差異。
[Abstract]:This paper explores the impact of agricultural production in walnut planting Joe leaves mutual shading on tree caused. 8 years' temperature of 185 "walnut as experimental material, using artificial shading, different gradient and light treatment of different light treatments on leaf physiological and biochemical index, leaf anatomical structure, effect of light photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics and fruit quality and yield. To explore the influence of shading on walnut production, find a reasonable and effective light illumination conditions and provide a theoretical reference for walnut pruning and rational close planting. The main results are as follows: (1) during the period of hard core, 43% light transmittance of chlorophyll content under high self filling period after 43%. The light transmittance with chlorophyll content is low, 84% light transmittance with chlorophyll content showed a higher level, that a short time and long time severe shading of light shading can increase the chlorophyll content. In addition, 84%. The rate of light treatment, can improve the thickness of spongy tissue, epidermal cell length, palisade tissue / spongy tissue, stomatal length, stomatal size, anatomical structure of leaves can be improved; 43% light transmittance is within a short period of time can increase the chlorophyll content of walnut leaves, increased by 0.913 Mg - g-1 and reached significant level; when the light transmittance of less than 69%, long time shading is not conducive to the accumulation and resistance of walnut tree photosynthesis increased, mainly in the chlorophyll and proline content decreased, MDA content increased. Compared with the light shading treatment can improve the leaf water potential, leaf area, but decreased leaf weight (2) oil. The transformation period, 84% light transmittance could increase the stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular C02 concentration (Ci), transpiration rate (Tr), compared with full sunlight were higher by 0.016 mol - m-2 - s-1,35.25 mol - mol-1,0.95 mmol - m-2 - S-1; weight 搴﹂伄鑽垯浼?xì)闄嶄綆鍑�鍏夊悎閫熺巼,姘斿瓟瀵煎害,钂歌吘閫熺巼,杈冨叏鍏夌収鍒嗗埆浣庝簡6.01渭mol路m-2路s-1,0.064 mol路m-2路s-1,3.15 mmol路m-2路s-1;閬崼鍙互闄嶄綆鍒濆鑽у厜(F0),鎻愰珮鏈，

本文編號：1379134