本文選題：沖突話語(yǔ) + 關(guān)聯(lián)理論　； 參考：《長(zhǎng)春工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：作為一種普遍而又復(fù)雜的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象,沖突話語(yǔ)頻繁地發(fā)生于人們?nèi)粘＝浑H活動(dòng)中。沖突話語(yǔ)指在言語(yǔ)交際過(guò)程中交際者之間產(chǎn)生的爭(zhēng)執(zhí)類的話語(yǔ)。它不僅是自然發(fā)生的,而且也是不可避免,不容忽視的現(xiàn)象,是成功交際的一大障礙。因此,沖突話語(yǔ)的研究引起了各學(xué)科的關(guān)注,如人類學(xué),社會(huì)學(xué),心理學(xué),語(yǔ)言學(xué)等。并且研究者分別從不同的視角對(duì)沖突話語(yǔ)進(jìn)行了解讀。關(guān)聯(lián)理論從認(rèn)知科學(xué)的角度對(duì)人類的語(yǔ)言交際進(jìn)行研究,廣泛應(yīng)用于不同的會(huì)話分析過(guò)程,而將該理論應(yīng)用于沖突話語(yǔ)的分析卻并不多見(jiàn)。本文以關(guān)聯(lián)理論為指導(dǎo),旨在從認(rèn)知角度分析沖突話語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生的原因。關(guān)聯(lián)理論認(rèn)為:交際是一個(gè)明示一推理的過(guò)程。而明示和推理其實(shí)是同一個(gè)過(guò)程的兩個(gè)不同方面。從訊遞者的角度來(lái)說(shuō),交際是一個(gè)明示的過(guò)程。訊遞者通過(guò)明示行為向受訊者傳遞兩種意圖,一種是信息意圖,另一種是交際意圖。而從受訊者的角度來(lái)說(shuō),交際是一個(gè)推理過(guò)程。受訊者在關(guān)聯(lián)原則的指導(dǎo)下充分地利用語(yǔ)境做出恰當(dāng)?shù)恼Z(yǔ)境假設(shè),就會(huì)獲得一定的語(yǔ)境效果,推理出訊遞者的意圖,繼而成功的交際。本文懫用文獻(xiàn)研究法和基于語(yǔ)料分析的定性研究。語(yǔ)料來(lái)自美劇《緋聞女孩》。通過(guò)對(duì)收集來(lái)的語(yǔ)料進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)地分析,本文揭示了沖突話語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生的原因:即訊遞者在明示交際中明示過(guò)于模糊;受訊者在推理交際中無(wú)法推理出訊遞者交際意圖;在認(rèn)知語(yǔ)境中交際雙方背景知識(shí)差異過(guò)大,對(duì)上下文理解不正確,忽視情景語(yǔ)境,忽視認(rèn)知語(yǔ)境的動(dòng)態(tài)特征,對(duì)認(rèn)知語(yǔ)境沒(méi)有做到互明;交際雙方違背最佳關(guān)聯(lián)原則造成了關(guān)聯(lián)缺失,這些因素都會(huì)導(dǎo)致沖突話語(yǔ)的產(chǎn)生。顯而易見(jiàn),關(guān)聯(lián)理論對(duì)于沖突話語(yǔ)的成因具有極強(qiáng)的解釋能力。本文對(duì)沖突話語(yǔ)的研究具有巨大的的理論意義和深遠(yuǎn)的社會(huì)意義。本文的研究深化了對(duì)沖突話語(yǔ)成因的理解,擴(kuò)展了關(guān)聯(lián)理論的運(yùn)用范圍,從而進(jìn)一步完善和補(bǔ)充了語(yǔ)用學(xué)理論。同時(shí),沖突話語(yǔ)的緩解具有重要的社會(huì)意義。當(dāng)今中國(guó)倡導(dǎo)“和諧”社會(huì),而“沖突”明顯與其相悖。了解沖突話語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生的原因,努力避免和緩解,有利于改善人際關(guān)系和構(gòu)建和諧社會(huì)。
[Abstract]:As a common and complex language phenomenon, conflict discourse occurs frequently in people's daily communication. Conflict discourse refers to the dissension between communicators in the process of verbal communication. It is not only natural, but also inevitable and can not be ignored, it is a major obstacle to successful communication. Therefore, the study of conflict discourse has attracted the attention of various disciplines, such as anthropology, sociology, psychology, linguistics and so on. And the researchers interpret conflict discourse from different perspectives. Relevance theory studies human language communication from the perspective of cognitive science and is widely used in different conversational analysis processes. However, the application of relevance theory to the analysis of conflict discourse is rare. Guided by relevance theory, this paper aims to analyze the causes of conflict discourse from a cognitive perspective. Relevance theory holds that communication is an ostensive-inferential process. In fact, ostensible and inferential are two different aspects of the same process. Communication is an explicit process from the point of view of the addressee. The addressee conveys two kinds of intention to the addressee through express act, one is information intention, the other is communicative intention. From the perspective of the subject, communication is a process of reasoning. Under the guidance of relevance principle, the addressee makes a proper contextual hypothesis under the guidance of relevance principle, which will result in a certain contextual effect, infer the intention of the addressee, and then make successful communication. This paper uses literature research and qualitative research based on corpus analysis. The corpus comes from the US TV series Gossip Girl. Through a systematic analysis of the collected corpus, this paper reveals the causes of conflict utterances: that is, the addressee is too vague in the ostensible communication, the addressee cannot infer the communicative intention of the addressee in the inferential communication; In cognitive context, the background knowledge of the two parties is too different, the understanding of context is incorrect, the dynamic characteristics of cognitive context are ignored, and the cognitive context is not understood mutually; Disobeying the principle of optimal relevance results in the absence of relevance, which leads to conflict utterances. It is obvious that relevance theory has a strong ability to explain the causes of conflict discourse. The study of conflict discourse in this paper has great theoretical significance and profound social significance. This study deepens the understanding of the causes of conflict discourse, expands the scope of relevance theory, and further perfects and complements the pragmatic theory. At the same time, the mitigation of conflict discourse has important social significance. Nowadays, China advocates harmonious society, and conflict obviously contradicts it. Understanding the causes of conflict discourse and trying to avoid and alleviate it will help to improve interpersonal relations and build a harmonious society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)春工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H313

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