本文選題：《紅樓夢》　切入點：敘事學　出處：《四川外國語大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以西方敘事學為理論依據(jù),從《紅樓夢》的敘述分層情況、跨層帶來的“鏡面”效果、各敘述層的敘述、主敘述層的敘述者與聚焦者的關系以及不可靠的敘述者與其與隱含作者的關系等幾個方面入手來探討《紅樓夢》的敘事策略。通過對上述敘事策略的分析研究,本文將得出這樣的結論,不同于其他寓意文學中寓意展現(xiàn)出的明確的由“不完美”指向“完美”的方向性,《紅樓夢》不僅消解了那些原本以二元對立關系存在的價值的對立關系,而且也消除了這些對立價值呈現(xiàn)出的“不完美”和“完美”的傾向,從而也否定了寓意的單方向性,展現(xiàn)出一種無方向的寓意。第一章,從《紅樓夢》的敘述分層和跨層情況分析由敘述分層和跨層帶來的“鏡面”效果,并結合傳統(tǒng)的“悟道”模式和“思凡”模式對作品寓意進行解讀。在敘述分層方面,一是通過對敘述分層理論進行梳理,二是通過對《紅樓夢》中煙云之筆的考察,探討造成了《紅樓夢》敘述分層難以確定的原因及其帶來的結果。在敘述跨層方面,一是從《紅樓夢》中出現(xiàn)的跨層情況入手,二是通過對跨層帶來的“鏡面”效果的闡釋,探討《紅樓夢》的敘述分層和跨層造成的各層人物平等對話,各敘述分層亦真亦假的藝術效果。最后,分別以“悟道”模式和“思凡”模式對作品進行分析與闡釋,探討《紅樓夢》在與這兩種文學模式的對應中展現(xiàn)出的互為所指又相互悖離的價值。第二章,從敘述者和聚焦者兩個方面探討《紅樓夢》的敘述者身份,并借由敘述者與聚焦者的關系分析作品中“情”與“欲”相互包容的關系。首先,通過對西方敘事學中敘述者理論的梳理弄清真實作者、隱含作者、敘述者、敘述接受者、隱含讀者、真實讀者之間的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系;其次,則對《紅樓夢》中不同敘述層的敘述者進行分析整理,并通過對文本證據(jù)的分析確定《紅樓夢》主層敘述者的身份;接著,從敘述者與聚焦者入手,探討《紅樓夢》中敘述視角的轉換問題;最后,通過敘述者和聚焦者各自的身份探討作品中展現(xiàn)的“情”與“欲”不可分割,相互包容的關系。第三章,從隱含作者、不可靠敘述者和敘述中的反諷入手,探討《紅樓夢》的敘述者態(tài)度與隱含作者態(tài)度的關系及隱含作者的態(tài)度與寓意之意的關系,并依此檢視《紅樓夢》中對“真”與“假”的態(tài)度。首先,通過對西方敘事學中隱含作者的理論進行整理,探討《紅樓夢》中存在價值取向的可能性;其次,考察《紅樓夢》中敘述者的可靠性和是否存在反諷效果;最后,通過敘述者的態(tài)度和隱含作者的態(tài)度探討作品中“真”“假”的深層含義和兩者相互交融,不分褒貶。最后,在結論部分,根據(jù)三個章節(jié)各自體現(xiàn)的《紅樓夢》通過展現(xiàn)看似對立的價值彼此相互交織、交融、包容的關系消解的對立,總結出《紅樓夢》寓意中體現(xiàn)出的中華文化獨有的而是二元共濟,相依并存關系。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of western narratology, from the narrative stratification of A Dream of Red Mansions, the cross-layer "mirror" effect, the narration of each narrative layer,This paper discusses the narrative strategies of A Dream of Red Mansions from several aspects, such as the relationship between the narrator and the focuser in the main narrative layer and the relationship between the unreliable narrator and the implied author.Through the analysis of the above narrative strategies, this paper will draw such a conclusion,Unlike the clear directionality of "imperfections" to "perfection" in other moral literature, Dream of Red Mansions not only dispels the antagonistic relationships of values that originally existed in dualistic opposites,It also eliminates the tendency of "imperfection" and "perfection" presented by these opposing values, thus negating the unidirectionality of moral and showing a kind of moral without direction.The first chapter analyzes the "mirror" effect from the narrative stratification and cross-layer situation of A Dream of Red Mansions, and interprets the implication of the works in combination with the traditional mode of "savvy Tao" and "Sifan" mode.In the aspect of narrative stratification, one is to sort out the theory of narrative stratification, the other is to explore the causes and the results of the difficult stratification of narrative layering in A Dream of Red Mansions through the investigation of the smoke and cloud in A Dream of Red Mansions.In the narration of the cross-story, one is to start with the cross-story situation in "A Dream of Red Mansions", the other is to discuss the narrative stratification of the "Dream of Red Mansions" and the equal dialogue between different layers of characters through the interpretation of the "mirror" effect brought about by the "dream of Red Mansions".The artistic effect of each narrative is also true and false.Finally, the author analyzes and interprets the works in the mode of "savvy Tao" and "Sifan", and probes into the value of "A Dream of Red Mansions" in the correspondence with these two literary models.The second chapter discusses the narrator's identity from two aspects of narrator and focusser, and analyzes the relationship between "emotion" and "desire" in his works by the relationship between narrator and focusser.First of all, by combing the narrator theory in western narratology, the author, the implied author, the narrator, the narrator, the implied reader, and the real reader are made clear of the difference and relation between the real author, the implied author, the narrator and the real reader.Then the narrator of different narrative layers in A Dream of Red Mansions is analyzed and arranged, and the identity of the narrator of the main layer of A Dream of Red Mansions is determined through the analysis of the text evidence.Finally, the relationship between "emotion" and "desire" shown in the works is discussed through the respective identities of the narrator and the focusser, and the relationship between "desire" and "desire" is discussed.The third chapter, starting with implied author, unreliable narrator and irony in narration, probes into the relationship between the attitude of the narrator and the attitude of the implied author, and the relationship between the attitude of the implied author and the implication of the implied author's attitude in A Dream of Red Mansions.And then examine the "true" and "false" attitude in A Dream of Red Mansions.Firstly, by sorting out the theories of implied authors in the western narratology, the author discusses the possibility of value orientation in A Dream of Red Mansions; secondly, the reliability and ironic effect of narrators in A Dream of Red Mansions are investigated.This paper discusses the deep meaning of "truth" and "falsehood" in the works through the attitude of narrator and the attitude of the implied author.Finally, in the conclusion, according to the three chapters of the "Dream of Red Mansions", by showing the seemingly opposite values intertwined with each other, blending, and accommodating the relationship to resolve the opposition.Summing up the "Dream of Red Mansions" moral embodied in the unique Chinese culture is dualistic, interdependent coexistence.
【學位授予單位】：四川外國語大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I207.411

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