本文選題：戰(zhàn)國文字　切入點：異體字　出處：《華東師范大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：異體字是漢字系統(tǒng)中是始終存在的,從商代一直到現代,在日常的書寫以及雕版印刷、鉛字印刷中,異體字都會或多或少地出現,甚至在計算機時代,它們也依然被儲存在字庫之中。從信息學的角度來看,異體字應該是多余無效的信息,對于信息的記載傳播沒有積極的作用。但是,漢字系統(tǒng)為什么會長期容忍異體字的存在,異體字的價值又應該如何評價,本文嘗試從構形模式的角度探討這一問題。本文所依據的主要材料是《戰(zhàn)國文字編》、《上海博物館藏戰(zhàn)國楚竹書(一至五)文字編》及《清華大學藏戰(zhàn)國竹簡(壹一叁)文字編》中所收錄的文字資料,從中統(tǒng)計出548個異體字字頭和1386個異體字字形。從結構類型以及產生方式的角度,對戰(zhàn)國文字異體字的構形進行了統(tǒng)計分析。戰(zhàn)國文字異體字中結構類型發(fā)生改變的包括以下五種:象形變?yōu)樾温暋⑾笮巫優(yōu)闀�、指事變�(yōu)樾温�、會意變�(yōu)樾温暫托温曌優(yōu)闀狻?zhàn)國文字異體字中結構類型不發(fā)生改變的具體表現:在象形結構、會意結構以及形聲結構內部進行調整。其次,具體分析戰(zhàn)國文字異體字的產生方式,并在此基礎上,分析討論了戰(zhàn)國文字中異體字中所體現的構形的多樣性。在本文所分析的材料中,同一個字頭在戰(zhàn)國文字異體字中最多表現為8種構形方式,最少表現為2種構形方式。除此之外,本文還探討了戰(zhàn)國時期異體字的成因及其價值。漢字系統(tǒng)的表意性質、類化和戰(zhàn)國時期漢字系統(tǒng)的不穩(wěn)定都對異體字的產生有影響:漢字系統(tǒng)的表意性質對異體字的產生方式有較大影響;漢字系統(tǒng)的類化是異體字產生的誘因;戰(zhàn)國時期漢字系統(tǒng)的不穩(wěn)定造成大量形聲結構的異體字。本文認為異體字豐富了漢字構形模式,擴充了漢字字形儲備,為漢字的演變提供了材料和便利。同時,又間接地強化了漢字的表意性質。這是異體字的價值所在,也是它存在于漢字系統(tǒng)中的原因。
[Abstract]:From the Shang Dynasty to the modern times, in the daily writing, engraving printing, type printing, the variant characters will appear more or less, even in the computer age. They are still stored in the font. From an informatics point of view, variant characters should be superfluous and ineffective information and have no positive effect on the recording and dissemination of information. However, why does the Chinese character system tolerate the existence of variant characters for a long time? How to evaluate the value of variant characters, This paper attempts to probe into this problem from the angle of configuration model. The main materials based on this paper are the compilation of the warring States script, the collection of Chu Shu (1 to 5) in Shanghai Museum, and the compilation of the bamboo slips of the warring States period in Tsinghua University. (III) the text contained in the compilation of the text, From which 548 heads and 1386 heterographies were counted. From the point of view of the type of structure and the way in which it was produced, This paper makes a statistical analysis on the configuration of the variant characters of the warring States period. The structural types of the variant characters in the warring States characters include the following five types: the pictogram becomes the shape sound, the pictograph becomes the understanding, the other refers to the matter changing into the form sound. The concrete manifestation that the structure type does not change in the variant character of the warring States period: adjust inside the pictograph structure, the understanding structure and the shape sound structure. Secondly, On the basis of the analysis and discussion of the diversity of the configuration embodied in the variant characters in the warring States characters, the paper analyzes the formation of the variant characters in the text of the warring States period. In addition, this paper also discusses the origin and value of variant characters in warring States period. The classification and instability of the Chinese character system in the warring States period have an influence on the generation of the variant characters: the ideographic nature of the Chinese character system has a great influence on the way of the generation of the variant character, the classification of the Chinese character system is the inducement of the generation of the variant character; The instability of Chinese character system during the warring States period resulted in a large number of variant characters with shape and sound structure. This paper holds that the variant character enriches the pattern of Chinese character configuration, expands the reserves of Chinese characters, and provides materials and convenience for the evolution of Chinese characters. It also indirectly strengthens the ideographic nature of Chinese characters, which is the value of variant characters and the reason why they exist in Chinese character system.
【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H124.3

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