本文選題：依戀風格　切入點：情緒面孔　出處：《魯東大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：個體在社會化過程中,會面臨并處理種類多樣的情緒性信息,而依戀風格類型對此類信息的認知加工起著重要作用,并影響著個體對外界的知覺偏見、期望和行為歸因等一系列認知表征。而依戀風格是個體與撫養(yǎng)者之間形成早期依戀關系的基礎上,再逐漸與他人建立起長久、持續(xù)而緊密的系統(tǒng)性情感行為模式,又稱內(nèi)部工作模式。隨著成人依戀風格和情緒性信息加工的相關研究興起以來,許多研究者都把關注點集中在不同依戀風格者如何調(diào)節(jié)個體的情緒和行為上面,卻忽視了個體如何感知及加工與依戀相關的情緒信息,對于以注意、記憶、識別、知覺等認知加工的基礎心理過程在依戀領域的研究還處于不斷發(fā)展的階段。研究旨在探討在不同情緒體驗狀態(tài)下,不同依戀風格對于情緒面孔的注意偏向及其內(nèi)在機制的影響,研究采用親密關系經(jīng)歷量表(ECR)來劃分被試依戀類型,劃分標準為根據(jù)其在依戀回避和依戀焦慮維度上的得分高低,來劃分被試的依戀風格類型。同時采用線索提示范式來研究被試在不同情緒激活體驗之下,對情緒面孔的注意偏向。具體實驗設計如下:實驗一研究不同依戀類型者在中性情緒啟動之下對不同類型情緒面孔圖片的注意偏向及其機制,采用4(依戀類型)×3(情緒面孔類型)×2(線索類型)三因素混合實驗設計,其中依戀類型為被試間變量,包括安全型、焦慮型、回避型和恐懼型四種;情緒面孔類型為被試內(nèi)變量,包括積極情緒面孔、中性情緒面孔、消極情緒面孔三種類型;線索類型為被試內(nèi)變量,包括有效線索和無效線索兩種,因變量為被試對靶刺激“E”位置的反應時。實驗二和實驗三以相同的實驗設計和實驗任務,采用不同的情緒啟動材料分別啟動被試的積極情緒狀態(tài)和消極消極情緒狀態(tài),以研究在積極和消極情緒體驗下,不同依戀類型個體對于不同情緒面孔圖片的注意偏向及其機制。研究結論如下:(1)安全型依戀個體在中性和積極情緒體驗之下,對情緒面孔未產(chǎn)生注意偏向,而在消極情緒狀態(tài)下,則表現(xiàn)出對消極情緒面孔的注意回避偏向。(2)恐懼型依戀個體在中性情緒體驗下,對積極情緒面孔產(chǎn)生注意回避傾向;在積極情緒狀態(tài)下,對積極情緒面孔產(chǎn)生注意警覺偏向;在消極情緒狀態(tài)下未表現(xiàn)出注意偏向特征。(3)焦慮型依戀個體在中性情緒狀態(tài)之下,對消極情緒面孔呈現(xiàn)出注意回避傾向;在積極情緒激活狀態(tài)下,其對積極情緒面孔表現(xiàn)出注意警覺特征;在消極情緒激活狀態(tài)之下,對積極和消極情緒面孔皆產(chǎn)生了注意維持傾向。(4)回避型依戀個體在中性情緒狀態(tài)下,對積極情緒面孔產(chǎn)生了注意回避傾向;在積極情緒激活狀態(tài)下,對于三種情緒面孔皆未產(chǎn)生注意偏向;而在消極情緒情境中,對積極情緒面孔產(chǎn)生了注意維持傾向。
[Abstract]:In the process of socialization, individuals will face and deal with a variety of emotional information, and attachment styles play an important role in the cognitive processing of such information, and affect the perception bias of individuals towards the outside world. Expectation and behavioral attribution are a series of cognitive representations. Attachment style is based on the early attachment relationship between the individual and the dependant, and then gradually establishes a long-term, continuous and close systematic emotional behavior model with others. With the rise of research on adult attachment styles and emotional information processing, many researchers have focused on how people with different attachment styles regulate their emotions and behaviors. But ignore how individuals perceive and process attachment related emotional information, for attention, memory, recognition, The basic psychological process of cognitive processing, such as perception, is still in the developing stage in the field of attachment. The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of different attachment styles on emotional face attention bias and its intrinsic mechanism under different emotional experience states. In this study, we used ECR to classify the attachment types of the subjects according to their scores in the dimensions of attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety. At the same time, using cue-cue paradigm to study the subjects under different emotional activation experience, The specific design of the experiment is as follows: the first experiment studied the attention bias and its mechanism of different attachment types to the pictures of different emotional faces under the neutral emotion initiation. Four (attachment type) 脳 3 (emotional face type) 脳 2 (cue-type) three-factor experimental design was used, in which attachment type was inter-subjects variable, including safety type, anxiety type, avoidance type and fear type, and emotional face type was internal variable. There are three types of positive emotional faces, neutral emotional faces and negative emotional faces, and the cues are internal variables, including valid cues and invalid cues. The dependent variable was the reaction of the subjects to the "E" position of the target stimulation. Experiment 2 and experiment 3 used the same experimental design and task to activate the positive and negative emotional states of the subjects using different emotional priming materials, respectively. In order to study the attention bias of different attachment types to different emotional face pictures and its mechanism under positive and negative emotional experience, the study concluded as follows: 1) under neutral and positive emotional experience, the security attachment individual. There is no attention bias towards emotional faces, but in negative emotional state, the attention-avoidance bias of negative emotional faces is shown. 2) under the neutral emotional experience, the individual attachment of fear type produces attention-avoidance tendency to positive emotional faces. In the positive emotional state, attention alert bias was produced to the positive emotional face, while in the negative emotional state, it did not show the attention bias characteristic. 3) the anxious attachment individual was in the neutral emotional state. Negative emotional face showed attention-avoidance tendency; in the active state of positive emotion, it showed the characteristics of attention alert to the positive emotional face; in the passive emotional activation state, For both positive and negative emotional faces, both positive and negative emotional faces have the tendency of attention maintenance. 4) in neutral emotional state, in neutral emotional state, in positive emotional face, the individual has attention-avoidance tendency, and in active state of positive emotion, there is a tendency of attention-avoidance to positive emotional face. For the three emotional faces, there was no attention bias, while in the negative emotional situation, the positive emotional faces had a tendency of attention maintenance.
【學位授予單位】：魯東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B842.6

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