本文關(guān)鍵詞： 愛爾蘭復(fù)興 愛爾蘭性 民族主義 論爭 嬗變　出處：《武漢大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：愛爾蘭復(fù)興運(yùn)動(Irish Revival,1891-1922)是19、20世紀(jì)之交愛爾蘭歷史上一次涵蓋了政治、語言和文學(xué)的文化復(fù)興運(yùn)動,對愛爾蘭國民性的塑造和后世文學(xué)創(chuàng)作具有深遠(yuǎn)的影響。由于愛爾蘭民族在漫長的殖民歲月里逐漸喪失對自身民族身份的認(rèn)同,陷入民族文化失落的困境,愛爾蘭復(fù)興運(yùn)動應(yīng)運(yùn)而生,它主要擔(dān)當(dāng)起爭取政治權(quán)利和重新找尋民族傳統(tǒng)的責(zé)任,尤其是"愛爾蘭特性"。而愛爾蘭文藝復(fù)興則是文藝領(lǐng)域的復(fù)興,在其肇始之初就具有雙重內(nèi)涵:它既是文化文學(xué)領(lǐng)域的浪漫主義回歸同時又是新一輪民族主義運(yùn)動的狂熱化。(阿貝劇院的前身)愛爾蘭文學(xué)劇院以創(chuàng)作"凱爾特及愛爾蘭戲劇文學(xué)"為宣言,是文藝復(fù)興時期集大成的文學(xué)創(chuàng)作流派。然而在文化統(tǒng)一的期望破滅之前卻難以避免與前者發(fā)生交集和論爭。本文試圖厘清文藝復(fù)興運(yùn)動期間"愛爾蘭特性"的緣起和不同階段的文學(xué)表達(dá)形式、文學(xué)中的"愛爾蘭性"與民族主義甚至內(nèi)部的共謀與沖突、后期內(nèi)涵演變以及這一歷史對民族文學(xué)創(chuàng)作的啟示。"愛爾蘭特性"從本質(zhì)上來講是一個不斷演變的概念,受到文化民族主義和政治民族主義的雙重裹挾,同時也留給文藝復(fù)興作家們探討和重塑的空間。就尋求"愛爾蘭性"在文學(xué)作品中的表達(dá)方式而言,葉芝、辛格、海德以及格雷戈里夫人等作家分別從不同的層面進(jìn)行了文學(xué)創(chuàng)作實(shí)踐:如從愛爾蘭西部、農(nóng)民形象、民間故事中發(fā)掘素材、蓋爾語化戲劇對白等。然而,"愛爾蘭特性"在文藝復(fù)興的書寫中存在多維度的扭曲和變形,引發(fā)質(zhì)疑:首先,英-愛作家的宗主國文化背景賦予愛爾蘭本土文學(xué)的選題別樣的視角;其次,推崇蓋爾語復(fù)興運(yùn)動的葉芝集團(tuán)卻偏好采用英語作為創(chuàng)作語言而非蓋爾語;最后,辛格"如實(shí)"還原的愛爾蘭鄉(xiāng)村場景引發(fā)了著名的"花花公子騷亂",這是兩種文化對立的必然結(jié)果�；谏鲜龅姆N種問題,在愛爾蘭民族主義分子和復(fù)興運(yùn)動作家們甚至復(fù)興主義者展開了激烈的論爭。這一論爭對愛爾蘭文學(xué)的發(fā)展的具有導(dǎo)向意義。在文藝復(fù)興運(yùn)動中后期的愛爾蘭,產(chǎn)生了以喬伊斯為代表的"去本土化"作家;以葉芝為代表的拋棄民族主義立場轉(zhuǎn)向東方主義的作家以及以奧凱西為代表的質(zhì)疑民族主義的新生代復(fù)興運(yùn)動劇作家。他們通過對"愛爾蘭特性"的新一輪闡釋,賦予愛爾蘭文學(xué)新的生命,同時也推動了 "愛爾蘭特性"在愛爾蘭民族文學(xué)中的表達(dá)走上多元化的道路。
[Abstract]:The Irish Revival Movement (1891-1922) is a cultural revival movement covering politics, language and literature in Irish history at the turn of the 20th century. It has a profound influence on the shaping of Irish national character and literary creation of later generations. As the Irish nation gradually lost its identity to its national identity in the long colonial years, it fell into the dilemma of the loss of national culture. The Irish Revival Movement emerged as the times require, and it was mainly responsible for fighting for political rights and searching for national traditions, especially the "Irish identity." and the Irish Renaissance was a renaissance in the field of literature and art. It has two connotations from the beginning: it is not only the return of romanticism in the field of culture and literature, but also the fanaticism of the new round of nationalist movements. (the predecessor of the Abbe Theater), the Irish Literary Theater created "Celtic." And Irish dramatic literature, It is an intensive literary genre in the Renaissance period. However, it is difficult to avoid intersection and controversy with the former before the expectations of cultural unity are shattered. This paper attempts to clarify the "Irish identity" during the Renaissance. The origin and the forms of literary expression at different stages, "Irish character" in literature, nationalism and even internal collusion and conflict, the late evolution of connotation and the enlightenment of this history to national literature creation. "Irish identity" is an evolving concept in essence. Under the dual influence of cultural nationalism and political nationalism, it also leaves Renaissance writers room to explore and reinvent. In terms of seeking the expression of "Irish" in literary works, Yeats, Singh, Writers such as Hyde and Mrs. Gregory have carried out literary practices on different levels: from western Ireland, from the image of farmers, from folk stories, Gaelic drama dialogue, etc. However, the Irish identity has many dimensions of distortion and distortion in the writing of the Renaissance, which raises questions: first, The sovereign cultural background of Anglo-Irish writers gives Irish literature a different perspective; secondly, the Yeats Group, which promotes the Gaelic revival movement, prefers English to Gaelic. Singh's "truthful" restoration of the Irish countryside set off the famous "Playboy riots," a corollary of the two cultures' antagonism. There has been a fierce debate among Irish nationalists, Renaissance writers and even revisionists. This debate has a guiding significance for the development of Irish literature. In Ireland in the middle and later stages of the Renaissance, The author of "delocalization", represented by Joyce; Yeats's rejection of nationalism to oriental writers and O'Casey 's questioning of nationalism by a new generation of renaissance playwrights through a new interpretation of the "Irish identity," It gives new life to Irish literature and promotes the expression of "Irish identity" in Irish national literature.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K562.3

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