本文關(guān)鍵詞： 外顯老化態(tài)度 內(nèi)隱老化態(tài)度 老年抑郁 內(nèi)隱——外顯態(tài)度一致性 態(tài)度的改變　出處：《華東師范大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：老化態(tài)度是對老人、老年生活及老化過程在積極——消極維度上的總體評價,由內(nèi)隱及外顯老化態(tài)度組成,大量研究表明其對老人的認知能力及身心健康均有重要影響。老年抑郁則是威脅老人身心健康及生活質(zhì)量的常見精神衛(wèi)生問題。本研究以60歲及以上老人為研究對象,結(jié)合問卷調(diào)查及行為實驗設(shè)計了四項系列研究,探究老化態(tài)度對老年抑郁的影響。研究一采用調(diào)查法,考察外顯老化態(tài)度與老年抑郁的關(guān)系。采用《老化態(tài)度問卷》及《老年抑郁量表》對上海市310名被試施測。研究二結(jié)合行為實驗,進一步考察內(nèi)隱老化態(tài)度與老年抑郁及外顯老化態(tài)度的關(guān)系。采用單類內(nèi)隱聯(lián)想測驗測量內(nèi)隱老化態(tài)度,對28名被試進行研究。結(jié)果表明,積極外顯老化態(tài)度與老年抑郁成負相關(guān);積極內(nèi)隱老化態(tài)度與老年抑郁成負相關(guān);內(nèi)隱老化態(tài)度與外顯老化態(tài)度不相關(guān)。研究三在上述兩項研究的基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)置實驗組與對照組,通過直接思維任務(wù)啟動實驗組老人的積極老化態(tài)度,探討如何改變老化態(tài)度及其對老年抑郁的影響。采用《老化態(tài)度問卷》、《流調(diào)用抑郁自評量表》及單類內(nèi)隱聯(lián)想測驗對42名被試進行研究。結(jié)果表明,直接思維任務(wù)能夠啟動老人的積極外顯老化態(tài)度,但對內(nèi)隱老化態(tài)度無影響;外顯老化態(tài)度的改變對老年抑郁無影響。研究四基于研究三結(jié)果,設(shè)置實驗組與對照組,通過背景線索啟動實驗組老人的積極內(nèi)隱老化態(tài)度,探討如何改變內(nèi)隱老化態(tài)度及其對老年抑郁的影響。采用與研究三相同的研究工具對40名被試進行研究。結(jié)果表明,背景線索能夠啟動老人的積極內(nèi)隱及外顯老化態(tài)度;積極內(nèi)隱老化態(tài)度能夠降低老年抑郁得分。綜上所述,本研究發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)上海社區(qū)老人內(nèi)隱——外顯老化態(tài)度一致性較低;(2)直接思維任務(wù)僅能改變老人的外顯老化態(tài)度,背景線索能夠同時改變老人的內(nèi)隱及外顯老化態(tài)度;(3)積極內(nèi)隱老化態(tài)度能夠降低老年抑郁得分。研究結(jié)果為幫助老人改變內(nèi)隱老化態(tài)度以對抗老年抑郁提供了新的途徑。
[Abstract]:Aging attitude is a general evaluation of the elderly, elderly life and aging process in the positive and negative dimensions, consisting of implicit and explicit aging attitude. A large number of studies have shown that it has an important impact on the cognitive ability and physical and mental health of the elderly, while depression in the elderly is a common mental health problem threatening the physical and mental health and quality of life of the elderly. The object. Combined with questionnaires and behavioral experiments, four series of studies were designed to explore the impact of aging attitude on depression in the elderly. To investigate the relationship between explicit aging attitude and senile depression, 310 subjects in Shanghai were tested with the Aging attitude questionnaire and the elderly Depression scale. The relationship between implicit aging attitude and aged depression and explicit aging attitude was further investigated. The implicit aging attitude was measured by single class implicit association test and 28 subjects were studied. There was a negative correlation between positive explicit aging attitude and senile depression. There was a negative correlation between positive implicit aging attitude and senile depression. Implicit aging attitude and explicit aging attitude is not related. Study 3 on the basis of the above two studies, set up the experimental group and control group, through direct thinking task to start the positive aging attitude of the experimental group. To explore how to change the aging attitude and its influence on the elderly depression, 42 subjects were studied by using the Aging attitude questionnaire, the Self-Rating Depression scale of flow call and the single Class implicit Association Test. The direct thinking task can initiate the positive explicit aging attitude of the elderly, but has no effect on the implicit aging attitude. The change of explicit aging attitude had no effect on the elderly depression. Study 4 based on the results of study three, set up the experimental group and control group, through the background clues to activate the positive implicit aging attitude of the experimental group. To explore how to change implicit aging attitude and its effect on elderly depression. 40 subjects were studied with the same tools as study 3. The results showed that: 1. Background clues can trigger the active implicit and explicit aging attitude of the elderly; Positive implicit aging attitude can reduce the score of senile depression. To sum up, this study found that: 1) the consistency of implicit and explicit aging attitude in Shanghai community is low; 2) the direct thinking task can only change the old people's explicit aging attitude, and the background clue can change the old people's implicit and explicit aging attitude at the same time; 3) the positive implicit aging attitude can reduce the depression score of the elderly. The results provide a new way to help the elderly to change the implicit aging attitude to combat the elderly depression.
【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B842.6

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