本文選題：二分頻　切入點(diǎn)：骨傳導(dǎo)　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：由于壓電材料的良好性能,應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域也在不斷拓寬,而骨傳導(dǎo)技術(shù)也越來越多的被應(yīng)用在耳機(jī)、手機(jī)等聽覺裝置中。本文結(jié)合高等學(xué)校博士學(xué)科點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)科研基金項(xiàng)目“分頻式壓電骨傳導(dǎo)助聽裝置的研究”和教育部高等學(xué)�？萍紕�(chuàng)新工程重大項(xiàng)目培育資金項(xiàng)目“驅(qū)動(dòng)測試控制功能一體化新型壓電驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)研究”,利用壓電材料的逆壓電效應(yīng)并結(jié)合骨傳導(dǎo)原理,研制開發(fā)了二分頻圓形壓電振子骨傳導(dǎo)聽覺裝置。論文對(duì)聽覺裝置的核心部分——二分頻壓電振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的振動(dòng)模型進(jìn)行了理論推導(dǎo),并對(duì)聽覺裝置的整體結(jié)構(gòu)以及二分頻電子放大電路進(jìn)行了研制,通過臨床實(shí)驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證了聽覺裝置的分頻、放大及助聽功能。論文的主要研究工作如下:1.二分頻圓形壓電振子骨傳導(dǎo)聽覺裝置的理論研究從聽力學(xué)角度研究了聽覺系統(tǒng)的組成及感音過程,對(duì)比分析人耳各結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)聲音信號(hào)的傳遞和處理功能,初步提出骨傳導(dǎo)聽覺裝置設(shè)計(jì)思想;分析了聽力損傷級(jí)別劃分和不同的聽力補(bǔ)償手段,確定了骨傳導(dǎo)聽覺裝置的設(shè)計(jì)目的。分析了壓電材料的逆壓電效應(yīng)以及與壓電驅(qū)動(dòng)能力相關(guān)的性能參數(shù),研究了不同振動(dòng)模式對(duì)壓電振子變形的影響以及它的諧振特性,并通過與耳蝸基底膜頻響特性對(duì)比,確定了二分頻圓形壓電振子骨傳導(dǎo)聽覺裝置的總體方案。2.二分頻圓形壓電振子骨傳導(dǎo)聽覺裝置振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)理論建模與仿真分析利用ANSYS軟件對(duì)周邊固支和中間固支兩種支撐方式下的圓形壓電振子進(jìn)行靜力學(xué)分析和模態(tài)分析,找到兩種壓電振子的一階諧振頻率,明確了周邊固支的壓電振子對(duì)高頻信號(hào)敏感,中間固支的壓電振子對(duì)低頻信號(hào)敏感,提出采用兩種支撐方式壓電振子串聯(lián)組成聽覺裝置的振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)以拓寬其頻率響應(yīng)范圍。用解析法建立了振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,推導(dǎo)出其固有振型以及影響振幅大小的參數(shù)并驗(yàn)證了設(shè)計(jì)方案的合理性。以中間固支圓形壓電振子為例,通過仿真分析明確了振子的直徑、厚度以及傳導(dǎo)柱的尺寸參數(shù)對(duì)振子輸出位移和基頻的影響,為聽覺裝置結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸的設(shè)計(jì)提供了依據(jù)。3.二分頻圓形壓電振子骨傳導(dǎo)聽覺裝置的樣機(jī)制作從功能性和實(shí)用性角度出發(fā),完成了二分頻圓形壓電振子骨傳導(dǎo)聽覺裝置的整體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),包括周邊固支的高頻壓電振子具體尺寸及其支撐架和傳導(dǎo)柱的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸設(shè)計(jì)、中間固支的低頻壓電振子的尺寸確定及其支撐柱和傳導(dǎo)柱的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸設(shè)計(jì),以及裝置的上蓋、底座、導(dǎo)線孔、吸聲處理等其他結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì),最終完成了聽覺裝置的樣機(jī)制作。通過對(duì)振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)振動(dòng)耦合問題的分析,說明了耦合對(duì)振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的頻率響應(yīng)影響較小。4.二分頻圓形壓電振子骨傳導(dǎo)聽覺裝置分頻放大電路的研制為了使高頻信號(hào)被聽覺裝置振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的高頻壓電振子響應(yīng),而低頻信號(hào)被低頻壓電振子響應(yīng),拓寬聽覺裝置的頻率響應(yīng)范圍,提高振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的輸出增益,需要對(duì)信號(hào)進(jìn)入裝置前進(jìn)行分頻和放大處理,因此研制了裝置的分頻放大電路。通過對(duì)分頻基本原理和常用分頻電路工作機(jī)理的分析和研究,采用集成放大芯片NE5532作為放大電路核心元件,設(shè)計(jì)了聽覺裝置的電子分頻放大電路;利用Multisim軟件對(duì)所設(shè)計(jì)的電路進(jìn)行仿真實(shí)驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證了其設(shè)計(jì)的合理性;搭建了電路并對(duì)其進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)測試,驗(yàn)證了電路的分頻點(diǎn)為2000Hz,放大倍數(shù)可達(dá)20倍,頻率響應(yīng)范圍可以從30Hz到30kHz,分頻和放大功能滿足本裝置的使用要求。5.二分頻圓形壓電振子骨傳導(dǎo)聽覺裝置的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究通過對(duì)當(dāng)前常用助聽設(shè)備聽力補(bǔ)償效果測試系統(tǒng)的分析和研究,從二分頻圓形壓電振子骨傳導(dǎo)聽覺裝置的設(shè)計(jì)目的出發(fā),結(jié)合現(xiàn)有實(shí)驗(yàn)條件提出了適合聽覺裝置和自身實(shí)驗(yàn)條件的實(shí)驗(yàn)方法,制定了實(shí)驗(yàn)用的測試詞表,在三種不同聲場下對(duì)有不同程度聽力損傷的患者進(jìn)行了聽覺裝置聽力補(bǔ)償實(shí)驗(yàn)測試,測試內(nèi)容包括聽覺察知能力測試(能否聽到聲音)、聽覺分辨能力測試(能否分出聽到的是音樂還是人的語音)以及初步的聽覺識(shí)別能力測試(對(duì)短句的識(shí)別正確率高低測試),對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析和對(duì)比,驗(yàn)證了聽覺裝置具有較好的聽力補(bǔ)償能力。論文對(duì)二分頻圓形壓電振子骨傳導(dǎo)聽覺裝置的研究過程涉及了聲學(xué)、振動(dòng)力學(xué)和電學(xué)等方面的相關(guān)知識(shí),通過對(duì)聽覺裝置和外置分頻放大電路的研制,對(duì)壓電式骨傳導(dǎo)助聽裝置的實(shí)際應(yīng)用提供了研究基礎(chǔ),對(duì)提高骨傳導(dǎo)聽覺裝置的頻率響應(yīng)范圍和輸出增益有很好的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:Because of the good performance of piezoelectric materials, applications are constantly expanding, and the bone conduction technology has been applied widely in mobile phone headset, such as hearing device. In this paper the doctoral program of higher education scientific research fund project "the frequency of piezoelectric bone conduction hearing aid device research" and the Ministry of Education Science and technology innovation the major engineering project to cultivate fund project "test drive control function integration model of piezoelectric driving mechanism research", using the inverse piezoelectric effect combined with bone conduction principle of piezoelectric materials, developed two frequency circular piezoelectric bone conduction hearing device is developed. The hearing device core part, two frequency piezoelectric vibration model the vibration system is analyzed theoretically, and the overall structure of the hearing device and two frequency electronic amplifier was developed. Through clinical trials, to verify the hearing The device frequency, amplification and hearing function. The main research work of this paper are as follows: 1. theoretical study two frequency circular piezoelectric bone conduction hearing device of composition and process of sensorineural hearing system from the angle of audiology, comparative analysis of the structure of the human ear sound signal transmission and processing functions, of bone conduction hearing device design; analysis of hearing impairment and hearing compensation levels of different means of determining the design purpose of bone conduction hearing device. Analysis of piezoelectric materials inverse piezoelectric effect and performance parameters associated with the piezoelectric driving ability, to study the influence of piezoelectric vibrator deformation and resonant characteristics of it the different modes of vibration, and by comparison with the frequency response characteristics of basilar membrane, the overall plan of the two frequency circular piezoelectric bone conduction hearing device.2. two frequency piezodisc bone The hearing device vibration system theoretical modeling and simulation analysis of clamped clamped support and intermediate two under the mode of circular piezoelectric vibrator static analysis and modal analysis using ANSYS software, find a resonance frequency of two kinds of piezoelectric vibrator, the clamped piezoelectric vibrator is sensitive to the high frequency signal, the middle clamped piezoelectric oscillator is sensitive to low frequency signal, using two different support types of piezoelectric vibrator series vibration system composed of a hearing device to broaden the range of frequency response. The mathematical model of the vibration system is established by analytic method, push the natural modes and the influence of parameters derived amplitude and to verify the rationality of the design scheme. In the middle of the clamped circular piezoelectric vibrator as an example, through the simulation analysis of clear oscillator diameter, effect of thickness and size parameters of conduction column on vibrator output displacement and frequency, Provide the basis for the prototype.3. two frequency piezodisc bone conduction hearing device production starting from functional and practical angle design for hearing device structure, completed the overall structure of the design frequency of two circular piezoelectric bone conduction hearing device, including high frequency clamped piezoelectric vibrator specific size the size and structure of the support frame and conduction column design, intermediate frequency clamped piezoelectric vibrator to determine the size and structure of the size of the columns and column transmission design, and the device on the cover, a wire hole, and other sound-absorbing structure design, finally completed the prototype of the hearing device. Through the analysis of the vibration coupling vibration system, illustrates the impact of the smaller.4. two frequency piezodisc bone conduction hearing device frequency amplifier is developed in order to make the high frequency coupling response to frequency The signal is high frequency hearing device vibration system of piezoelectric vibrator response, while the low frequency signal is low frequency response of piezoelectric vibrator, broaden the hearing device frequency response range, improve the output gain of the vibration system, the need for frequency and amplification of signal processing into the device, so the research of the device. Through the analysis of frequency amplifying circuit and the research on the basic principle and common frequency divider circuit working mechanism, using integrated amplifying chip NE5532 as the core component of amplifier circuit, design the electronic frequency hearing device amplifying circuit; simulation experiment of the designed circuit by using Multisim software to verify the rationality of the design; build the circuit and experimental test of the. To verify the circuit frequency for 2000Hz, up to 20 times magnification, the frequency response can range from 30Hz to 30kHz, the frequency and amplification using this device to meet Experimental study on the requirements of.5. two frequency piezodisc bone conduction hearing device through the analysis and study of the current commonly used test hearing aid effect of hearing compensation system, starting from the design frequency of two circular piezoelectric bone conduction hearing device, combined with the existing experimental conditions test method was proposed for hearing device and its experimental conditions the developed experimental test list in three different field to have varying degrees of hearing loss were hearing hearing compensation test device, test content including auditory perception test (can hear sounds), auditory discrimination ability test (whether from hear music or speech is people) and auditory recognition ability test (preliminary identification of the correct phrase rate test), analysis and comparison of the experimental results, verify the hearing device has better Hearing compensation ability. The research process of the two division of circular piezoelectric bone conduction hearing device involves the knowledge of acoustics, vibration mechanics and electrics, developed through the amplifying circuit of the device and an external auditory frequency, this study provides a basis for practical application of piezoelectric bone conduction hearing aid, to improve bone conduction hearing device frequency response range and output gain has a very good reference.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R318

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