本文選題：美國 + 創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學　； 參考：《東北師范大學》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：高等教育的發(fā)展受到多種因素的影響,美國高校的發(fā)展模式同樣是各種因素共同作用的結(jié)果。作為開放組織的高校,需要與外界環(huán)境進行必要的資源交換以維系自身的持續(xù)發(fā)展,這一點在美國高校的發(fā)展過程中尤為明顯,尤其是美國創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學的發(fā)展,我們甚至可以說資源交換貫穿了美國創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學整個的發(fā)展進程。因此,以資源依賴為視角來研究美國創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學的發(fā)展模式有著較大的理論意義和現(xiàn)實意義,而且,美國創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學的成型較早,發(fā)展較快,為世界上其他國家創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學的發(fā)展提供了借鑒。本文選擇美國創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學的發(fā)展模式作為研究對象,從引發(fā)美國創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學崛起的環(huán)境動蕩、美國創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學在應(yīng)對環(huán)境資源短缺的積極作為以及與環(huán)境中關(guān)鍵資源交換對自身發(fā)展帶來的影響等方面進行較為深入的分析。本研究以組織理論作為基本的理論基礎(chǔ),通過資源依賴的視角分析了美國創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學在面臨經(jīng)濟危機、制度調(diào)整等環(huán)境變遷時的發(fā)展策略,文章著重解析了變革之下的大學發(fā)展模式,分別從宏觀及微觀的角度進行了系統(tǒng)的分析和全面的闡釋。全文由緒論和四章正文及結(jié)束語組成。緒論對研究的緣起、研究的問題、研究的現(xiàn)狀、研究的方法以及本研究的理論意義和實際意義、研究價值等方面作出闡述,同時,對于本文所涉及的幾個核心概念也作出了界定。第一章主要論述資源依賴理論之于創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學發(fā)展模式研究的適切性。本章首先對資源依賴理論進行了論述,然后對應(yīng)用資源依賴理論框架研究美國創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學發(fā)展模式的適切性作了論述。第二章主要論述環(huán)境動蕩與美國創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學的崛起。本章梳理了美國創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學崛起的歷史軌跡,從資源依賴的視角系統(tǒng)分析了美國創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學崛起的環(huán)境。知識經(jīng)濟的來臨、國家發(fā)展對創(chuàng)新體系保障的需求,加之聯(lián)邦政府的自由經(jīng)濟政策,使高校的公共撥款急劇減少,另外美國的制度體系的保障,同樣在本章作為創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學形成、發(fā)展的環(huán)境要素進行重點解析。第三章著重探討環(huán)境資源短缺的情況下美國創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學的積極作為。首先,大學通過與企業(yè)合作的形式爭取更多的研發(fā)資金以緩解聯(lián)邦聯(lián)邦撥款的危機。另外,大學創(chuàng)立了各種研究中心將校內(nèi)的學術(shù)成果產(chǎn)業(yè)化、市場化。此外,大學鼓勵教師走向市場、大力開展創(chuàng)業(yè)教育等舉措都體現(xiàn)了創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學面對環(huán)境變遷的積極應(yīng)對。第四章分析了美國創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學與環(huán)境中關(guān)鍵資源進行交換對自身的影響。首先是大學職能的轉(zhuǎn)變,其次,應(yīng)對資源依賴使大學內(nèi)部組織出現(xiàn)調(diào)整,包括組織管理、管理模式等方面的變化。最后,創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學組織內(nèi)基本構(gòu)成要素也發(fā)生了改變,大學創(chuàng)業(yè)對教師、對學生個體以及知識產(chǎn)出的模式都產(chǎn)生了深遠的影響。結(jié)語部分在將全文內(nèi)容進行總結(jié)的基礎(chǔ)之上提出了美國創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學發(fā)展模式研究的幾項重要結(jié)論。研究表明,美國創(chuàng)業(yè)型大學在面臨環(huán)境動蕩、發(fā)展資源短缺的情況下,通過積極主動地與外界資源進行互動,完全可以實現(xiàn)自身穩(wěn)定的發(fā)展,這為面臨同樣困境的大學樹立了信心和榜樣。
[Abstract]:The development of higher education is influenced by a variety of factors. The development model of American colleges and universities is also the result of the common effect of various factors. As an open organization, it is necessary to carry out the necessary resources exchange with the external environment in order to maintain its own sustainable development. This is particularly evident in the development of American colleges, especially in the United States. With the development of the industry type universities, we can even say that the exchange of resources runs through the whole process of the development of American entrepreneurial universities. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the development model of American entrepreneurial universities in the perspective of resource dependence. The development model of his national entrepreneurial university is used for reference. This paper chooses the development model of American entrepreneurial universities as the research object, from the environmental turbulence caused by the rise of American entrepreneurial universities, the positive action of American entrepreneurial universities in coping with the shortage of environmental resources and the impact of the exchange of key resources on their own development. This study takes organizational theory as the basic theoretical basis, and analyzes the development strategies of American entrepreneurial universities in the face of economic crisis and institutional adjustment through the perspective of resource dependence. The article focuses on the analysis of the university development model under the change from the macro and micro angles. The full text is made up of the systematic analysis and comprehensive interpretation. The full text is made up of the introduction and the four chapters of the text and the concluding remarks. The introduction makes an exposition of the origin of the study, the problems of the research, the present situation of the study, the method of the research, the theoretical and practical significance of this study, the value of the study, and some of the core concepts involved in this article. The first chapter mainly discusses the relevance of the theory of resource dependence on the development model of entrepreneurial universities. This chapter first discusses the theory of resource dependence, and then discusses the appropriateness of the development model of American entrepreneurial universities in the framework of the application of the theory of resource dependence. The second chapter mainly discusses the environmental turbulence and the beauty. This chapter combs the historical track of the rise of American entrepreneurial universities, analyzes the environment of the rise of American entrepreneurial universities from the perspective of resource dependence, the coming of the knowledge-based economy, the demand for the protection of the innovation system by the national development and the free economic policy of the federal government, so that the public allocations of the universities are sharp. The third chapter focuses on the positive action of American entrepreneurial universities under the condition of shortage of environmental resources. In addition, the university has created a variety of research centers to industrialization and marketization of academic achievements within the school. In addition, the University encourages teachers to go to the market and vigorously develop entrepreneurship education to reflect the positive response of entrepreneurial universities to environmental changes. The fourth chapter analyses the key issues in American entrepreneurial universities and the environment. The influence of the exchange of resources on itself. First, the transformation of the function of the University. Secondly, the changes in the internal organization of the university should be adjusted, including the organizational management, the management pattern and so on. Finally, the basic elements of the entrepreneurial university have changed, the university entrepreneurship is to the teachers, the students' individual and the knowledge production. The concluding part puts forward several important conclusions on the research of the development model of American entrepreneurial university on the basis of the summary of the full text. The research shows that the American entrepreneurial universities are actively actively interacting with external resources under the circumstances of environmental turbulence and the shortage of resources. Action can fully realize its own stable development, which sets up confidence and example for universities facing the same predicament.
【學位授予單位】：東北師范大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G649.712

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