本文選題：陶格陶夫圖日 + 《事業(yè)與學(xué)業(yè)條款》　； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：巴圖敖其爾·陶格陶夫圖日(1797—1868年,以下簡稱陶格陶夫圖日)是清代喀爾喀蒙古車臣汗部伊勒登王旗扎薩克郡王、車臣汗盟會會長、和唄王,系19世紀蒙古族法學(xué)家、哲學(xué)家、教育家、經(jīng)濟學(xué)家、啟蒙家、社會改革家,也是蒙古文化的繼承者和傳承者。陶格陶夫圖日針對當(dāng)時喀爾喀蒙古社會政治、經(jīng)濟、文化領(lǐng)域發(fā)生的巨大變化,從1853年開始頒布實施了具有地方性法規(guī)性質(zhì)的《事業(yè)與學(xué)業(yè)條款》(簡稱《陶王訓(xùn)誡》)。他對謀生之道、致富之道有著獨到的見解,為了提高旗民素質(zhì)和生活質(zhì)量積極謀劃,籌辦《四個達西》,創(chuàng)辦工廠和學(xué)校,開展并普及文化教育,建立廟產(chǎn)實體,興辦宗教活動和啟蒙教育活動,進行游牧經(jīng)濟、農(nóng)業(yè)、手工業(yè)、貿(mào)易等一系列改革以提高社會經(jīng)濟效益,獲得了良好的社會效益。他的法律思想、哲學(xué)思想、教育思想、倫理思想、經(jīng)濟思想均體現(xiàn)在他所頒布實施的《事業(yè)與學(xué)業(yè)條款》之中。從這些條款,我們可以全面了解到他對游牧文化所作出的貢獻及其所產(chǎn)生的實踐與理論意義。蒙古民族建立橫跨歐亞大陸的大國,開創(chuàng)世界新的格局時,他們早已擁有基于游牧文明所成形的政治、法律等上層建筑體系。其中法律法規(guī)發(fā)揮的作用最為重要。馬克思主義認為:"每一種生產(chǎn)方式都產(chǎn)生出它特有的法律關(guān)系。"而且,"法律關(guān)系,既不能從它本身來理解,也不能用所謂人類精神的一般發(fā)展來理解。恰恰相反,它們根源于物質(zhì)的生活關(guān)系"。因為,"根據(jù)唯物史觀,歷史過程中的決定因素,歸根到底是現(xiàn)實生活的生產(chǎn)和再生產(chǎn)"。運用馬克思主義社會經(jīng)濟與上層建筑辯證關(guān)系理論和原理探討作為游牧民族典型代表的蒙古族所建立的法律法規(guī)及其發(fā)展規(guī)律,是蒙古學(xué)研究的一項重要課題。研究法律的發(fā)展過程,只有從蒙古民族游牧文化、歷史、經(jīng)濟為出發(fā)點,才能找到正確的思路。陶格陶夫圖日所頒布實施的《事業(yè)與學(xué)業(yè)條款》是一部涵蓋蒙古游牧生產(chǎn)生活、經(jīng)濟、政治、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、行為規(guī)范、文明的珍貴文獻。在全面推動民族文化大繁榮的今天,本文以這部《事業(yè)與學(xué)業(yè)條款》為研究對象,運用文獻學(xué)研究方法進行仔細解讀,試圖總結(jié)出蒙古族游牧經(jīng)濟、政治與風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、法律法規(guī)之間的關(guān)系以及法律法規(guī)形成的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)和歷史文化特點。《事業(yè)與學(xué)業(yè)條款》以民族性、哲理性、權(quán)威性、教育性為特點,是規(guī)范蒙古族生產(chǎn)生活的習(xí)慣法,是制定法律法規(guī)的根據(jù)。作為凝聚蒙古族長時期游牧生活生產(chǎn)經(jīng)驗并高度總結(jié)游牧智慧的文獻資料,該"事業(yè)與學(xué)業(yè)條款"對正確理解蒙古族法律思想,正確評價、繼承游牧民族法律文化及其價值具有重要的意義。游牧文化是游牧民族的靈魂,是游牧民族賴以發(fā)展的根基之一,也是人類文化重要的組成部分,世界法律文明的重要發(fā)端。沒有游牧文化的形成發(fā)展,就沒有當(dāng)今文明社會的法律意識及法律思想。保護人類文化的多樣性,發(fā)展各民族獨特文化,是當(dāng)今世界各國各民族所熱衷的課題。運用馬克思主義經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ)和上層建筑辯證關(guān)系和相互作用的理論與規(guī)律對游牧民族法律文明和法律文化進行解讀時,必須從游牧文明形成發(fā)展的歷史過程中探索其特點和規(guī)律。游牧經(jīng)濟和游牧文明是蒙古族法律法規(guī)賴以發(fā)源的基礎(chǔ)、歷史文化根源。本文由緒論和四章所組成。緒論中交代了選題依據(jù)及其意義、文化與法律文化研究概況,并對陶格陶夫圖日生平及其《事業(yè)與學(xué)業(yè)條款》內(nèi)容、研究情況、研究方法等進行了簡要介紹;第一章,分析《事業(yè)與學(xué)業(yè)條款》的歷史文化基礎(chǔ);第二章,闡述《事業(yè)與學(xué)業(yè)條款》的歷史背景、內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu),版本�？闆r;第三章,運用文獻學(xué)方法研究《事業(yè)與學(xué)業(yè)條款》,并加注釋進行了拉丁文轉(zhuǎn)寫、漢譯、等工作;第四章,以法理學(xué)視角闡明其法律文化價值,并研究論證了其傳承價值。本文通過以上四個方面的研究,試圖解決《事業(yè)與學(xué)業(yè)條款》研究中長期存在的各種訛誤,重新分類解析其內(nèi)容,對其中所蘊含的游牧文化精髓、蒙古法律文化價值的繼承意義給予了肯定。
[Abstract]:Batuoqir Taugtauftu day (1797 - 1868, hereinafter referred to as Tao G Tao J Tu day) was the king of Zhan Khan, Khan Khan, Khan, Mongolia, kkha, the president of the Chechen Khan flag, the president of the Chechen Khan League, and the king, the Mongolian jurist, philosopher, educationist, educationist, enlightenment, social reformer, and the inheritance of Mongolia culture. In view of the great changes in the social, political, economic and cultural fields of Mongolia's social, political, economic and cultural fields at that time, tauru tauru has promulgated and implemented the local regulatory and academic terms in 1853. He has a unique view on the way to make a living and to improve the quality of his people. Actively plan for the quality of life, organize the four Darcy, establish factories and schools, carry out and popularize cultural education, establish the entity of the temple production, establish religious activities and enlighten education activities, carry out a series of reforms of nomadic economy, agriculture, handicraft industry, trade and so on to improve the social economic benefits and gain good social benefits. The academic thought, the educational thought, the ethical thought and the economic thought are all embodied in the "cause and the academic terms" which he promulgated and implemented. From these terms, we can fully understand his contribution to the nomadic culture and its practical and theoretical significance. The Mongolia nation built a big country across the Eurasian continent and created a new world. During the period, they had the superstructure system based on the politics, law, and law based on the nomadic civilization. The laws and regulations played the most important role. Marx thought: "each mode of production produces its unique legal relationship." and, "legal relations can neither be understood from itself nor use the so-called human essence." The general development of God is understood. On the contrary, they are rooted in the relationship of material life. "In the final analysis, according to historical materialism, the decisive factors in the historical process are the production and reproduction of real life." using the dialectical relationship theory and principle of Marx's socioeconomic and superstructure as a typical representative of the nomadic people. The laws and regulations established by the Mongolian people and their law of development are an important subject in the study of Mongolia. The development process of the law can only be found from Mongolia's nomadic culture, history and economy. The "career and academic terms" promulgated and implemented by tauru tavu day are a nomadic Mongolia. The production of life, economy, politics, customs and habits, behavior norms, and the precious literature of civilization. In today's overall promotion of the national culture prosperity, this article, taking this "the cause and the academic terms >" as the research object, uses the literature research method to carry on the careful interpretation, tries to sum up the Mongolian and ancient nomadic economy, the politics and customs, the laws and regulations. The relationship and the material basis and historical and cultural characteristics of the formation of laws and regulations. < undertakings and academic terms > is characterized by nationality, philosophy, authority and education. It is the customary law to regulate the production and life of the Mongolian people and the basis for the formulation of laws and regulations. As a result of gathering the experience of nomadic life and production in Mongolia, and summarizing You Muzhi highly It is of great significance for the correct understanding of the Mongolian legal thought, the correct evaluation and the inheritance of the legal culture and its value of the nomadic people. The nomadic culture is the soul of the nomadic people, one of the foundations for the development of the nomadic people, and an important part of the human culture, and the world's legal civilization. Without the formation and development of the nomadic culture, there is no legal consciousness and legal thought in today's civilized society. To protect the diversity of human culture and to develop the unique culture of all nationalities is a topic for all nations in the world today. The dialectical relationship and interaction of Marx's economic basis and superstructure are used. On the interpretation of the legal civilization and legal culture of nomadic people, the characteristics and laws must be explored in the historical process of the formation and development of nomadic civilization. Nomadic economy and nomadic civilization are the basis for the origin of the laws and regulations of the Mongolian nationality, and the historical and cultural roots. This article is composed of the thread and the four chapters. According to its significance, the general situation of cultural and legal culture research, and a brief introduction to the life of Tao tavu's day and its contents, the content, the research situation and the method of research, and so on. In the first chapter, the historical and cultural basis of the "business and the academic terms >" is analyzed. The second chapter describes the historical background, the content structure and the edition of the "business and the academic terms >" The situation of this school journal; the third chapter, the use of documentary methods to study the "business and academic terms >", and add notes to Latin Transliteration, Chinese translation, and other work; the fourth chapter, to clarify its legal cultural value in the perspective of jurisprudence, and research and demonstration of its heritage value. This article through the study of the above four aspects, trying to solve the "business and academic terms > research" The various errors that exist in the long run and the reclassification and analysis of its contents are affirmed in the essence of the nomadic culture and the significance of the legal cultural value of Mongolia.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D90
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本文編號：1877407