本文選題：心肺耐力 + 有氧運動��； 參考：《北京體育大學》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：研究目的：通過12周不同強度的運動干預,觀察大鼠心肺耐力的改善效果及心肌、骨骼肌PGC-1α通路的變化特點和規(guī)律,探討心肺耐力提高的可能機制。研究方法：40只雄性Wistar大鼠隨機分為安靜組、小強度組(50% VO2 max)、中強度組(65% VO2 max)、大強度組(80% VO2 max),每組10只。適應(yīng)性訓練3天后測試最大攝氧量,之后每隔兩周測試一次。運動組大鼠每天訓練1h,每周5天。12周運動干預后,進行超聲心動測試。于最后一次運動后48h麻醉后腹主動脈取血、心肌和右側(cè)比目魚肌。RT-qPCR法測定PGC-lα、AMPK、SIRT1、 NRF1、NRF2、ERRα mRNA表達。Western Blot法測定PGC-1α、AMPK、磷酸化AMPK、SIRT1蛋白表達。研究結(jié)果：1、三種強度的運動都能減少體重增加的趨勢。其中大強度組體重增加最少。三個運動組對VO2max的提升都很有效,小強度組VO2max的提升需要更長時間。2、三種強度的運動都能改善血脂。只有大強度運動可以顯著改善心臟功能。3、運動組心肌和比目魚肌PGC-1α mRNA表達增加,但只有中強度組比目魚肌PGC-1α蛋白表達顯著增加。4、運動強度的改變對AMPK蛋白表達影響不大,但隨著運動強度增加,pAMPK和SIRT1蛋白表達都有所增加。5、中強度組和大強度組心肌NRF1 mRNA表達增加,但三個運動組比目魚肌NRF1 mRNA卻低于安靜組。運動組NRF2 mRNA低于安靜組。6、中強度和大強度運動可以誘導心肌ERRα mRNA表達。比目魚肌中ERRα mRNA的變化與心肌不同,大強度組最低。研究結(jié)論：(1)12周的運動干預可明顯改善大鼠的心肺耐力。中強度運動和大強度運動提升效果較快,分別在第八周末和第六周末達到峰值。而小強度組在第十周末明顯提升,并于十二周末達到峰值。(2)12周的運動干預可以減小大鼠體重增長的幅度。大強度運動體重增長最少,其心臟泵血功能的改善最顯著。(3)運動改善心肺耐力的分子機制主要是通過增加骨骼肌PGC-1α的表達而不是心肌。中強度運動和大強度運動對心肌和骨骼肌AMPK和SIRT1的活化有顯著影響,尤其是中強度運動。(4)三個運動組AMPK、SIRT1、PGC-1α的mRNA表達不能反映各自蛋白表達水平,轉(zhuǎn)錄后的調(diào)控可能起重要作用。
[Abstract]:Objective: to observe the improvement of cardiopulmonary endurance and the changes of PGC-1 偽 pathway in myocardium and skeletal muscle of rats after 12 weeks of exercise with different intensities, and to explore the possible mechanism of improving cardiopulmonary endurance. Methods Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into quiet group (n = 10), small strength group (n = 10), medium strength group (n = 10), middle strength group (n = 65) and high intensity group (n = 10). The maximal oxygen uptake was tested after 3 days of adaptive training and then every two weeks. The rats in the exercise group were trained for 1 hour, 5 days a week and 12 weeks after exercise intervention, and then the echocardiography test was carried out. After 48 hours of anaesthesia, blood was taken from abdominal aorta. The expression of PGC-l 偽 -AMPK-SIRT1 in myocardium and right soleus muscle was determined by RT-qPCR, and the expression of PGC-1 偽 -AMPKand phosphorylated AMPK-SIRT1 protein was detected by Western Blot. The study found that all three strenuous exercises reduced the trend of weight gain. The weight gain was the least in the high intensity group. All of the three exercise groups were effective in improving VO2max, and the increase of VO2max in the small intensity group required a longer period of time. All three kinds of intensity exercise could improve blood lipids. The expression of PGC-1 偽 mRNA in myocardium and soleus muscle increased significantly in exercise group, but the expression of PGC-1 偽 protein in soleus muscle increased significantly in moderate intensity group. The change of exercise intensity had little effect on the expression of AMPK protein. However, the expression of pAMPK and SIRT1 protein increased with the increase of exercise intensity, and the expression of NRF1 mRNA increased in moderate and high intensity groups, but NRF1 mRNA in soleus muscle of three exercise groups was lower than that in quiet group. NRF2 mRNA in exercise group was lower than that in quiet group. Moderate and high intensity exercise could induce the expression of ERR 偽 mRNA in myocardium. The change of ERR 偽 mRNA in soleus muscle was different from that in myocardium, and the lowest in high intensity group. Conclusion 12 weeks exercise intervention can significantly improve cardiopulmonary endurance in rats. The effects of medium strength and high intensity sports are faster, reaching the peak at the eighth weekend and the sixth weekend, respectively. At the end of the 10th week, the small intensity group increased obviously, and reached the peak value at the 12th weekend. The exercise intervention for 12 weeks could reduce the increase of the rats' body weight. The molecular mechanism of improving cardiopulmonary endurance by exercise was mainly by increasing the expression of PGC-1 偽 in skeletal muscle rather than myocardium. The activation of AMPK and SIRT1 in myocardium and skeletal muscle was significantly affected by moderate intensity exercise and high intensity exercise, especially the expression of mRNA in AMPKG SIRT1 + PGC-1 偽 could not reflect the expression level of their respective proteins, and posttranscriptional regulation might play an important role.
【學位授予單位】：北京體育大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G804.7

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