本文選題：中國共產(chǎn)黨　切入點：領(lǐng)袖　出處：《中共中央黨校》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)袖權(quán)威是一種客觀政治文化現(xiàn)象,它推動著歷史與人類社會的進步,是進步形態(tài)的權(quán)威,更是馬克思主義政黨的精神具象。中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)袖權(quán)威反映出社會主義制度的優(yōu)勢,更體現(xiàn)出中國社會的健全、進步、穩(wěn)定。這種健全、進步、穩(wěn)定既需要確保全黨、全國人民集中、團結(jié)、統(tǒng)一,又需要保障全黨、全社會中的組織、群體、個人的積極性。而中國共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)袖權(quán)威能實現(xiàn)最為深度的社會、政黨雙向整合、雙向激勵、雙向凝聚,體現(xiàn)出先進性�？v覽中國共產(chǎn)黨的歷史以及當代中國的政治發(fā)展歷程,無論是革命、建設(shè)還是改革,領(lǐng)袖及其權(quán)威的作用不言而喻。維護中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)袖權(quán)威就是“政治意識、大局意識、核心意識、看齊意識”的具體體現(xiàn)。領(lǐng)袖權(quán)威作用于政黨維度,能實現(xiàn)政黨的引領(lǐng);作用于國家維度,能實現(xiàn)執(zhí)政能力的提升;作用于社會維度,能實現(xiàn)社會的整合。本文運用辯證唯物主義與歷史唯物主義研究法、新制度主義與結(jié)構(gòu)功能研究法、定量與定性研究法,政治學研究法、心理學研究法、管理學研究法、案例研究法、實證研究法、比較研究法、文獻研究法,并從政治生態(tài)、政治心理的視角出發(fā),考察中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)袖權(quán)威。系統(tǒng)維度,本文梳理了政治學理論中關(guān)于權(quán)威的基本內(nèi)容,優(yōu)化了馬克思·韋伯的權(quán)威三分法與丹尼斯·朗的權(quán)威五分法,將新制度主義融入權(quán)威理論體系的構(gòu)建之中,同時將個體與群體的心理特征與中國特殊的歷史文化相融合。運用政黨政治的分析框架,對政黨、領(lǐng)袖、權(quán)威進行二元理論連接,構(gòu)建了基于領(lǐng)袖、政黨、國家、社會的權(quán)威四維分析結(jié)構(gòu)。發(fā)生維度,本文構(gòu)建了中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)袖權(quán)威的生成機制,運用新制度主義與結(jié)構(gòu)功能主義的分析方法,將生成機制構(gòu)建為領(lǐng)袖內(nèi)生權(quán)威與領(lǐng)袖外生權(quán)威。內(nèi)生權(quán)威通過領(lǐng)袖職務(wù)、領(lǐng)袖思想及領(lǐng)袖素養(yǎng)所體現(xiàn)。外生權(quán)威通過歷史的需要、政黨的凝聚以及社會的認同所體現(xiàn)。權(quán)變維度,本文闡述了中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)袖權(quán)威的生成、發(fā)展與鞏固中的影響因素,它由內(nèi)生變量與外生變量構(gòu)成。其中內(nèi)生變量是內(nèi)生權(quán)威的深層次問題,反映在黨內(nèi)民主的耦合、縱橫分權(quán)的架構(gòu)、政黨精英的興替三個方面;外生變量是外生權(quán)威的深層次問題,反映在政治作風、政治作為、政治認同三個方面。由此,本文從系統(tǒng)論、發(fā)生論、權(quán)變論三個維度構(gòu)建了中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)袖權(quán)威的理論模型,并通過研究模型考察了中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)袖權(quán)威的歷史與現(xiàn)實,探究了并反證了中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)袖權(quán)威的生成機制與影響變量,解析了中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)袖權(quán)威生成、發(fā)展與鞏固的路徑,基本上構(gòu)建了中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)袖權(quán)威的整體理論。中國共產(chǎn)黨作為馬克思主義政黨,它經(jīng)歷了革命、建設(shè)與改革。領(lǐng)袖的實踐及其權(quán)威生成、發(fā)展與鞏固也走過了革命、建設(shè)和改革的歷史進程,形成了革命孕育領(lǐng)袖、領(lǐng)袖生成權(quán)威、權(quán)威趨向魅力、魅力衍生法理、法理支配魅力、制度形塑法理、權(quán)威嵌入制度并不斷完善的探索歷程。中國共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)袖權(quán)威,有其自身的特殊性——植根于中國大地、具有中國特色,這種精神豐碑所產(chǎn)生的政治效應(yīng)時刻影響與激勵著后人。在新的歷史起點上,中國共產(chǎn)黨不但要注意歷史與文化的優(yōu)勢與痼疾,還要正視領(lǐng)袖權(quán)威生成、發(fā)展與鞏固中所面臨的新挑戰(zhàn)與新要求。在全面深化改革的進程中,面對政黨現(xiàn)代化、文化多元化、第三波民主浪潮的深入、第四次工業(yè)革命的到來等挑戰(zhàn),中國共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)袖應(yīng)秉持革新與更新的精神,將時代的要求與人民的期盼融入領(lǐng)袖權(quán)威中。從學理和思辨的角度,依據(jù)中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)袖權(quán)威的影響變量,它的生成、發(fā)展與鞏固的路徑應(yīng)將制度貫穿其中,同時從三個向度予以加強。政黨向度,應(yīng)加強領(lǐng)袖集團的政治統(tǒng)領(lǐng),從能力素質(zhì)、作風形象、精英選拔等方式加強領(lǐng)袖集團的自身建設(shè);應(yīng)從思想、組織、紀律、政治、形象等方面加強領(lǐng)袖集團的政黨整合。國家向度,應(yīng)改善科學、依法、民主的施政方式以及與之相應(yīng)的施政內(nèi)容來完善領(lǐng)袖集團的施政實踐。社會向度,應(yīng)構(gòu)建人本架構(gòu)與合法架構(gòu)的權(quán)威認同體系,優(yōu)化社會政治生態(tài)。
[Abstract]:The leader of the Communist Party of Chinese authority is an objective political and cultural phenomenon, it is promoting the history and the progress of human society, is progressive forms of authority, is the Marx doctrine of party spirit. Chinese concrete Communist leader authority reflects the superiority of the socialist system, but also reflects the social progress, Chinese sound and stable. This sound progress stable, both need to ensure that the whole Party and National People's unity, unity, focus, and the need to safeguard the party, all social organizations, groups, individual initiative and Communist Party leader. Chinese authority can achieve the most depth of the society, Party two-way integration, two-way incentive, two-way cohesion, and reflect the advanced nature in Chinese. The history of the Communist Party and the political development of contemporary Chinese, regardless of revolution, construction and reform leader and authority. It is self-evident in the maintenance of the Communist Party of China is the leader of the authority "Political awareness, overall awareness, awareness of the core, embodies the par consciousness. The leader role in political party authority dimension, can realize the leading role in the national political party; ruling ability dimension, can achieve promotion; in the social dimension, can realize the integration of society. This paper uses the dialectical materialism and historical materialism research method the new institutionalism, and the structure function method, the quantitative and qualitative research method, political science research method, research method of psychology, management science research method, case study method, empirical research method, comparative research method, literature research method, and from the political ecology of the political psychological perspective, study China leader of the Communist Party System Authority. The dimensions, this article reviews the basic content about the authority of the political theory, optimization of the authority three points method and Dennis Ron Max Webb's five law authority, the new institutionalism into the right choice On the construction of the system, and combining the special historical and cultural psychological characteristics of individuals and groups and Chinese. By using the analytical framework of party politics of party leader, authority to connect the two element theory was constructed based on the leader, political party, country, social authority structure analysis. Four dimensions, this paper constructs the formation mechanism of China Communist Party leaders authority, use the analysis method of new institutionalism and functionalism, the formation mechanism of construction as the leader of endogenous authority and leadership authority. Exogenous endogenous authority through leadership, leadership and ideological leader literacy reflected. Through the history of exogenous authority, Party cohesion and social identity embodied. Contingency dimensions, this paper expounds the generation of Communist Party leaders China authority, factors affecting the development and consolidation of the endogenous variable and exogenous variable of the endogenous. The variable is the deep-seated problems in authority, reflected in the coupling of inner-party democracy, decentralization and architecture, the three aspects of political elites and; exogenous variables are the deep-seated problems of external authority, reflected in political style, as political, political identity three aspects. Thus, the occurrence of theory, from the systematic theory. Contingency theory model of three dimensions of leader of the Communist Party of Chinese authority, and investigates the history and reality China Communist leader authority through the research model, explores and proves the formation mechanism of China Communist Party leaders authority and influence variables, analysis of the leader of the Communist Party of Chinese authority generation, development and consolidation path, basically established the whole theory China Communist leader authority. Chinese Communist Party as Marx's party, it has experienced the revolution, construction and reform. The leader of the practice and the power generation, development and Consolidation has also gone through the historical process of revolution, construction and reform, the formation of the revolution gave birth to leaders, leaders tend to generate authority, authority charm, charm of derivative law, legal system governing charm, shape theory, exploration authority embedded system and continue to improve. China Communist Party leader authority, has its own particularity - Chinese rooted in the earth, has China characteristics, time effect of the political spiritual monument the impact and inspire future generations. In the new historical starting point, China Communist Party should pay attention not only to the advantages and problems of history and culture, but also face the authority of leaders generation, development and consolidation in the face of new challenges and new requirements. In the comprehensive deepening reform process, facing the modernization of political parties, cultural diversity, the third wave of democracy deeply, the advent of the fourth industrial revolution and other challenges, the Communist Party of China's leaders should grasp To reform and renewal of the spirit, to the requirements of the times and people's expectations into the leader's authority. From the academic and philosophical point of view, according to the influence of China leader of the Communist Party of the authority of the variable, its generation, development and consolidation of the path should be through the system, at the same time strengthen from three dimensions to be party to a degree. We should strengthen the political leaders of the group, and from the ability and quality, style and image, elite selection and other ways to strengthen the self construction of the leaders of the group; from thought, organization, discipline, political and other aspects of the image, strengthen the integration of parties. The country to the leaders of the group, should improve the scientific and democratic administration according to law, and the corresponding policy content to improve the administration practice leader of the group. The social dimension, should construct this architecture and architecture of the legal authority identification system, optimize the social and political ecology.

【學位授予單位】：中共中央黨校
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D25

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