本文關(guān)鍵詞： 蘇聯(lián)解體 俄羅斯 格魯吉亞 俄格關(guān)系　出處：《北京外國語大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：俄羅斯與格魯吉亞的關(guān)系是后蘇聯(lián)空間中較為重要的雙邊關(guān)系之一。格魯吉亞對于俄羅斯具有非常高的戰(zhàn)略意義,是俄維護(hù)其高加索地區(qū)利益的關(guān)鍵性國家。從格魯吉亞被沙俄兼并到蘇聯(lián)解體,俄格曾同屬于一個(gè)國家。這段歷史對當(dāng)今的俄格關(guān)系有一定影響。蘇聯(lián)解體初期,俄羅斯與格魯吉亞的關(guān)系較為冷淡。俄羅斯對格魯吉亞奉行“甩包袱”政策,不重視發(fā)展俄格關(guān)系。格魯吉亞則實(shí)行疏俄政策,不愿同俄羅斯打交道。1992年至1993年北高加索地區(qū)分離傾向嚴(yán)重,外高加索三國沖突不斷。高加索地區(qū)的緊張局勢直接影響到了俄羅斯的安全穩(wěn)定。為維護(hù)國內(nèi)穩(wěn)定,俄羅斯開始介入外高加索地區(qū)的沖突。愛德華·謝瓦爾德納澤(?)成為格魯吉亞總統(tǒng)后,格將發(fā)展對俄關(guān)系放在首要位置。格魯吉亞為解決國內(nèi)分離問題同意俄羅斯在格設(shè)立軍事基地,駐扎維和部隊(duì),并加入了獨(dú)聯(lián)體。由此以來,俄格關(guān)系擺脫了無序的狀態(tài),進(jìn)入了一個(gè)正常發(fā)展的時(shí)期。格魯吉亞國內(nèi)的分離主義問題平息后,格魯吉亞開始尋求機(jī)會以脫離俄羅斯對格的控制。2000年弗拉基米爾·普京(?)上臺后,俄羅斯加強(qiáng)了同格魯吉亞的關(guān)系。格魯吉亞依然力圖擺脫俄羅斯的控制,并將加入北約作為目標(biāo)。由此以來,俄格關(guān)系一度激化。由于俄格兩國均保持了克制,俄格關(guān)系沒有繼續(xù)惡化。俄格關(guān)系通過對話得到了改善,兩國的緊張狀態(tài)也暫時(shí)緩解。2003年爆發(fā)的“玫瑰革命”開啟了俄格關(guān)系的新階段�！懊倒甯锩焙�,俄格關(guān)系經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)短暫的“蜜月期”。格魯吉亞新任總統(tǒng)米哈伊爾·薩卡什維利(?)憑借著俄羅斯的支持順利地解決了國內(nèi)的阿扎爾分離問題。由于薩卡什維利公開宣揚(yáng)格魯吉亞要加入北約和歐盟,俄格關(guān)系開始走下坡路。為掃清加入北約的障礙,格魯吉亞要求俄撤除駐格軍事基地和維和部隊(duì)。俄羅斯迫于多方壓力將格境內(nèi)的俄軍事基地完全撤除,但卻始終不同意將駐格維和部隊(duì)撤出。2006年俄格之間爆發(fā)了一系列的風(fēng)波,俄格關(guān)系迅速惡化。俄格之間的矛盾不斷累積,終于導(dǎo)致2008年俄格沖突的爆發(fā)。2008年俄格沖突后,俄格關(guān)系完全破裂。格魯吉亞與俄羅斯斷絕了外交關(guān)系,并隨后退出了獨(dú)聯(lián)體。俄格關(guān)系由此進(jìn)入了冷和平階段。2012年比濟(jì)納·伊萬尼什維利(?)當(dāng)選格魯吉亞總理,俄格關(guān)系出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)。伊萬尼什維利上臺后,格魯吉亞改變了對俄政策,開始改善同俄羅斯的關(guān)系,俄羅斯對此也做出了回應(yīng)。俄格關(guān)系有所回暖,出現(xiàn)了“政冷經(jīng)熱”的趨勢。由于格魯吉亞的基本立場仍是維護(hù)領(lǐng)土完整,加入北約、歐盟,這與俄羅斯確保阿布哈茲(?)和南奧塞梯(?)獨(dú)立,阻止北約、歐盟東擴(kuò)的立場背道而馳。俄格兩國在核心利益上存在根本沖突,俄格關(guān)系正常化絕非易事。2013年格魯吉亞總統(tǒng)換屆后,格新政府延續(xù)了伊萬尼什維利時(shí)期理性務(wù)實(shí)的對俄政策,格魯吉亞同俄羅斯的經(jīng)濟(jì)和人文交流得到了進(jìn)一步的發(fā)展。2014年“烏克蘭危機(jī)”發(fā)生后,西方國家對俄羅斯實(shí)施經(jīng)濟(jì)制裁,俄羅斯所處的國際環(huán)境大為惡化。俄羅斯與西方的關(guān)系嚴(yán)重對立,俄羅斯為此蒙受了巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。格魯吉亞在“烏克蘭危機(jī)”中表現(xiàn)出了冷靜務(wù)實(shí)的態(tài)度,避免過度刺激俄羅斯。但格魯吉亞并沒有放慢與西方一體化的腳步,2014年格魯吉亞在加入歐盟和北約的進(jìn)程中均取得了重要進(jìn)展。隨著俄羅斯先后與阿布哈茲和南奧塞梯簽署了近乎合并的條約,阿布哈茲和南奧塞梯與格魯吉亞分離的現(xiàn)狀已經(jīng)成為既定現(xiàn)實(shí)。由于阿布哈茲和南奧塞梯問題的存在以及格魯吉亞與西方一體化程度的加深,俄格政治、軍事關(guān)系實(shí)現(xiàn)正�；y度很大。但隨著俄格兩國經(jīng)濟(jì)、人文關(guān)系的不斷發(fā)展,兩國民間交流的不斷加深,俄格關(guān)系不再會有大的起伏了。
[Abstract]:The relationship between Russia and Georgia is one of the most important bilateral relations in the post Soviet space. Georgia has strategic significance for Russia is very high, is the key of the Russian National safeguard its interests in the Caucasus. From Georgia Russia was merged into the Soviet Union, Russia Gozen belong to one country. This period of history has a certain effect on the relationship between Russia and the Soviet Union. Initially, the relationship between Russia and Georgia. Frostier Russia pursues "shuaibaofu" policy on Georgia, not attach importance to the development of relations between Russia and Georgia. Georgia is the implementation of sparse Russian policies, not dealt with Russia.1992 to 1993 in the north Caucasus separation tendency serious conflict. Three Transcaucasia tensions in the Caucasus the area directly affects the safety and stability of Russia. In order to maintain domestic stability, Russia began to intervene in foreign high The cable of the conflict. (Edward Shevardnadze?) to become the president of Georgia, Georgia will develop relations with Russia in the first place. In order to solve the separation problem of Georgia Russia agreed to set up military bases in Scotland, peacekeeping forces, and joined the CIS. Thus since the Russian Georgian relations to get rid of the disordered state, into a the normal development of the period. The state of Georgia to quell separatism, Georgia began to seek opportunities to control.2000 from Russia to Georgia Vladimir Putin (?) came to power, Russia has strengthened relations with Georgia. Georgia is still trying to get rid of the control of Russia, and will join NATO as a target. Thus, the relationship between Russia and once because Russia and Georgia are intensified. To maintain restraint, relations between Russia and Georgia did not continue to deteriorate. The relations between Russia and Georgia through the dialogue Improved tensions also temporarily alleviate the.2003 outbreak of the "Rose Revolution" opened a new stage of relations between Russia and Georgia. "Rose Revolution", the relationship between Russia experienced a short "honeymoon period". Georgia's new president Mikhail Saakashvili (?) with the support of Russia successfully solved the o Zal Saakashvili openly separation problem. Due to Georgia to join NATO and the European Union, the Russian Georgian relations began to decline. In order to clear the obstacles of Georgia to join NATO, asked the Russian military base in the grid, and the removal of peacekeeping forces. Russia will be forced by pressure from Georgia complete withdrawal of Russian military bases, but never agreed to in case of peacekeeping forces a series of disturbances broke out between the withdrawal of.2006 in Georgia, the Russian Georgian relations deteriorated rapidly. The contradiction between Russia and Georgia continue to accumulate, finally lead to 2 008 years of the conflict erupted in.2008 years after the conflict, a complete rupture of relations between Russia and Georgia. Georgia severed diplomatic relations with Russia, and subsequently withdrew from the CIS. The relations between Russia and Georgia will enter a cold peace stage.2012 than Zina Ivan Nish Willy (?) was elected Prime Minister of Georgia, a turnaround in the Russian Georgian relations after Ivan Nish Willy came to power. Georgia, changed the policy towards Russia, began to improve relations with Russia, Russia have also responded. The Russian Georgian relations have warmed up, the emergence of the "cold politics and hot trend. Due to Georgia's basic position is to defend the territorial integrity of NATO, the EU, Russia and the Abkhaz and ensure (?) South Ossetia (?), stop the NATO enlargement, draw further apart position. Both countries are fundamental conflict in the core interests, the relationship between Russia and the normalization of.201 is not easy 3 years after the general election of the president of Georgia, the new government continued the Ivan Nish Willy lattice period of rational and pragmatic policies to Russia, with Russia's economic and cultural exchanges in Georgia has been developed further.2014 years "Ukraine crisis" occurred, western countries to Russia to implement economic sanctions, Russia's international environment is deteriorating. The serious opposition Russia and the west, Russia therefore suffered huge economic losses in Georgia. "The Ukraine crisis" shows a calm and pragmatic attitude, to avoid excessive stimulation of Russia. But Georgia did not slow down the pace and the integration of western Georgia in 2014, NATO and the EU have made important progress with. Russia has with Abkhazia and South Ossetia signed nearly with the treaty, Abkhazia and South Ossetia and Georgia Present situation of separation Jiya has become established reality. Because of Abkhazia and South Ossetia and Georgia problems with Western integration deepening, Russian politics, military relations normalization is very difficult. But with the economic development of Russia and Georgia, human relations, non-governmental exchanges between the two countries and the deepening of relations between Russia and Georgia will no longer have large the ups and downs.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D851.2;D836.7
，

本文編號：1512723