本文關(guān)鍵詞： 澳大利亞 公民學(xué)與公民資格 教育　出處：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：公民學(xué)與公民資格教育是澳大利亞教育體系的一個(gè)重要組成部分,澳大利亞由于歷史原因,對(duì)實(shí)施本國(guó)的公民學(xué)與公民資格教育一向很重視,取得獨(dú)立地位后,立即在澳大利亞聯(lián)邦范圍內(nèi)實(shí)施了公民學(xué)與公民資格教育。澳大利亞公民學(xué)與公民資格教育不單單只是一門課,而是多種學(xué)科的結(jié)合體。同時(shí),澳大利亞公民學(xué)與公民資格教育從每個(gè)學(xué)生受教育開始,到最后從學(xué)校畢業(yè),走入社會(huì),都在接受和公民有關(guān)的教育,目的在于讓每個(gè)學(xué)生都能成為合格的公民。近年來,尤其是2008年以后,澳大利亞公民學(xué)與公民資格教育取得了長(zhǎng)足的發(fā)展與進(jìn)步,這與《墨爾本宣言》所起到的作用是密切相關(guān)的。在《墨爾本宣言》的規(guī)范和指導(dǎo)下,澳大利亞聯(lián)邦政府制定了嶄新的公民學(xué)與公民資格教育政策,并在全聯(lián)邦范圍內(nèi)推行,確保了公民學(xué)與公民資格教育順利實(shí)施。目前,我國(guó)正處于轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期,從青少年教育開始,提升國(guó)民的綜合素質(zhì)是當(dāng)今急需解決的重要問題。因此,研究澳大利亞公民學(xué)與公民資格教育,對(duì)于我國(guó)的思想政治教育有一定的借鑒作用。本論文分為七個(gè)部分,第一部分為緒論,包括本論文的研究意義、背景和選題來源,在緒論中,還歸納總結(jié)了和本論文相關(guān)的文獻(xiàn)綜述,其中主要是澳大利亞學(xué)者的研究成果以及和澳大利亞公民學(xué)與公民資格教育相關(guān)的論述。通過對(duì)這些理論綜述地介紹,可以對(duì)澳大利亞公民學(xué)與公民資格教育有一個(gè)大致地了解。本論文對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)專家在澳大利亞公民學(xué)與公民資格教育方面的理論也有一定的陳述,正是通過對(duì)這些理論文獻(xiàn)地闡述,為本論文地研究打下了理論基礎(chǔ)。本論文的第二部分闡述和界定與《墨爾本宣言》相關(guān)的概念和理論依據(jù)�！赌珷柋拘浴返念C布,是澳大利亞教育史上的一個(gè)重要里程碑,它全面闡述了澳大利亞基于未來發(fā)展所需要在教育方面做出的改革和努力。在理論闡述部分,著重研究了和共和有關(guān)的理論,這也是澳大利亞公民學(xué)以及公民資格教育的基石和出發(fā)點(diǎn)。論文的第三部分系統(tǒng)探究了澳大利亞公民學(xué)與公民資格教育發(fā)展的歷史過程。澳大利亞雖然開展公民學(xué)與公民資格教育的時(shí)間比較早,但早期的公民學(xué)與公民資格教育并不成功,而且涉及范圍也不廣。隨著《霍巴特宣言》、《阿德萊德宣言》以及《墨爾本宣言》的頒布與實(shí)施澳大利亞公民學(xué)與公民資格教育才逐步步入正軌,并走上快速發(fā)展和成熟的階段,逐漸成為世界各國(guó)公民教育的典范。論文的第四部分主要研究《墨爾本宣言》頒布以后,澳大利亞公民學(xué)與公民資格教育的課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與教師培訓(xùn)。澳大利亞公民學(xué)與公民資格教育在內(nèi)容上有過重大變化,《墨爾本宣言》頒布以前,公民學(xué)與公民資格教育主要是介紹國(guó)家的政治結(jié)構(gòu),而《墨爾本宣言》頒布以后,內(nèi)容增加了公民責(zé)任方面的內(nèi)容,并使得公民學(xué)內(nèi)容的外延擴(kuò)大,涵蓋了許多學(xué)科的內(nèi)容。此外,還對(duì)澳大利亞培訓(xùn)公民學(xué)教師的措施進(jìn)行了探討。澳大利亞政府培訓(xùn)教師以前只注重學(xué)歷的提高,《墨爾本宣言》頒布以后,政府和學(xué)校更注重教師能力和教學(xué)手段的提高,使得公民學(xué)與公民資格教育更能吸引學(xué)生。在教學(xué)資源部分,論文指出澳大利亞進(jìn)行公民學(xué)與公民資格教育的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)是注重社會(huì)實(shí)踐,讓學(xué)生參與到社區(qū)以及國(guó)家政治生活當(dāng)中,在實(shí)踐中體會(huì)當(dāng)一個(gè)合格公民的意義。論文的第五部分,是探究《墨爾本宣言》頒布以后,澳大利亞公民學(xué)與公民資格教育的學(xué)校教學(xué)與民主管理。學(xué)校是實(shí)踐《墨爾本宣言》的主要機(jī)構(gòu)和單位,也是關(guān)系到公民學(xué)教育的成敗關(guān)鍵,論文研究了學(xué)校實(shí)施公民學(xué)與公民資格教育的原則以及現(xiàn)在實(shí)行的相關(guān)教育方法和管理方法。論文的第六部分探究了《墨爾本宣言》頒布以后,澳大利亞公民學(xué)與公民資格教育的評(píng)價(jià)體系。首先研究《墨爾本宣言》頒布以后公民學(xué)與公民資格教育評(píng)價(jià)的內(nèi)容；其次探討《墨爾本宣言》頒布以后公民學(xué)與公民資格教育評(píng)價(jià)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；再次探究了《墨爾本宣言》頒布以后公民學(xué)與公民資格教育評(píng)價(jià)的結(jié)果；最后詳細(xì)分析討論了《墨爾本宣言》頒布以后公民學(xué)與公民資格教育評(píng)價(jià)的特點(diǎn)。論文的第七部分研究了澳大利亞公民學(xué)與公民資格教育的啟示與借鑒。其中,重點(diǎn)探討了對(duì)我國(guó)高校思想政治教育中教育理念、教育目標(biāo)、教育內(nèi)容、教育資源以及教學(xué)方法等方面的啟示與補(bǔ)充。
[Abstract]:Civics and citizenship education is an important part of the Australian education system in Australia, due to historical reasons, the implementation of national civics and citizenship education has always attached great importance to, and gained its independence after immediately in Commonwealth of Australia within the implementation of the civics and citizenship education. Australian civics and citizenship education not only just a course, but a combination of a variety of disciplines. At the same time, the Australian civics and citizenship education from each student education, finally graduated from the school, into the community, are accepted and citizens related education, the purpose is to let every student can become a qualified citizen. In recent years, especially in 2008 later, Australian citizen science has made considerable progress and citizenship education, the Melbourne declaration and < > play the role is closely related Shut. In "Melbourne declaration > norms and under the guidance of the government of Commonwealth of Australia has formulated a new civics and citizenship education policy, and implemented in the federal range, to ensure the smooth implementation of civics and citizenship education. At present, our country is in the transition period, from the beginning of Youth Education, improve the comprehensive quality national is the important problem needed to be solved. Therefore, the research of Australian citizenship education and citizenship, has a certain reference for the ideological and political education of our country. This thesis is divided into seven parts, the first part is the introduction, including the research significance of this thesis, the background and origin, in the introduction, also and this paper summarizes the relevant literature review, which is the main research achievements of scholars and Australia and Australia civics and citizenship education. Based on the relevant discussion The summary of the theory, can learn on Australian citizens have a general understanding and citizenship education. This thesis on domestic experts have stated in the Australian civics and citizenship education theory is based on the theory of literature, the theoretical basis for this paper to play. The second part of this paper and defines related concepts "Melbourne declaration > and theoretical basis. The Melbourne declaration issued, is an important milepost in Australia in the history of education, it comprehensively expounds the future development based on the needs of Australia in education reform and make efforts. In the theory section, focuses on the Republic and the related theory, which is the Australian civics and Citizenship Education Foundation and the starting point. The third part of the dissertation explores the Australian citizen The historical process of learning and citizenship education development. Although Australia to carry out civics and citizenship education earlier, but early civics and citizenship education is not successful, but also involves the range is not wide. With the "Hobart declaration", "the Adelaide declaration and the Melbourne declaration > > < the promulgation and implementation of Australia Civics and citizenship education was gradually on the right track, and embarked on a rapid development and mature stage, has become a model for countries around the world citizenship education. After the fourth main part of the Melbourne declaration issued < >, Australia civics and citizenship education curriculum standards and teacher training. The Australian civics and citizenship education there have been great changes in the content," before the Melbourne declaration issued, civics and citizenship education is mainly to introduce the political structure of the country, and " After the Melbourne declaration issued, an increase of the content of the civic responsibility aspects, and makes the extension of civics content expanded, covering many subjects. In addition, also discuss on Australia training civics teacher measures. The Australian government training teachers before only pay attention to the improvement of education, "after the Melbourne declaration issued the government, school and pay more attention to the ability of teachers and improve the teaching methods, the civics and citizenship education to attract more students. In teaching resources, this paper points out that a feature of Australian civics and citizen qualification education is to pay attention to social practice, let students participate in the community and the country's political life, in practice experience when a qualified citizen's significance. The fifth part of the thesis is to explore the" Melbourne declaration "issued after the Australian citizen and Citizenship Education Teaching and democratic management of the school. The school is the main mechanism of the Melbourne declaration and the practice of < > key units, but also related to the civic education, research the implementation of school civics and citizenship education principle and education method in practice now and management methods. The sixth part explores the "Declaration of Melbourne" after the promulgation of the Australian civics and citizenship education evaluation system. Firstly, "the Melbourne declaration > after the promulgation of civics and citizenship education evaluation content; secondly," the Melbourne declaration > after the promulgation of civics and citizenship education evaluation standards; the Melbourne declaration > < inquiry again after the promulgation of civics and Citizenship qualification education evaluation results; finally analysed and discussed the "Melbourne declaration > after the promulgation of civics and citizenship education evaluation theory. The seventh part of this paper studies the enlightenment and reference of Australian citizenship and citizenship education. It focuses on the inspiration and supplement to the educational idea, educational objectives, educational contents, educational resources and teaching methods in our university's ideological and political education.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：G561.1

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