本文關(guān)鍵詞：21世紀(jì)阿拉伯地區(qū)政治秩序研究　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 阿拉伯地區(qū) 教派沖突 權(quán)力平衡 阿拉伯聯(lián)盟 政治秩序

【摘要】：自二十一世紀(jì)伊始,阿拉伯政治秩序的現(xiàn)狀表明,內(nèi)部與區(qū)域地緣政治環(huán)境的惡化導(dǎo)致了阿拉伯地區(qū)政治的失衡。本文立足于分析影響阿拉伯地區(qū)秩序形成和演變的各種因素,詳細(xì)探討了國(guó)際環(huán)境、阿拉伯國(guó)家地緣關(guān)系、阿拉伯國(guó)家體制、地區(qū)民族沖突和宗派沖突等因素對(duì)阿拉伯地區(qū)秩序的影響。在基于對(duì)阿拉伯地區(qū)復(fù)雜的歷史演變軌跡和現(xiàn)實(shí)環(huán)境的把握上,文章提出了阿拉伯地區(qū)走出危機(jī)的戰(zhàn)略選擇和建設(shè)阿拉伯地區(qū)新秩序的模式構(gòu)想。論文第一章依靠分析和描述性方法,闡述了國(guó)際政治對(duì)阿拉伯系統(tǒng)的考驗(yàn)及其影響,以及阿拉伯國(guó)家的反應(yīng)。由于冷戰(zhàn)后國(guó)際關(guān)系出現(xiàn)了單極霸權(quán)模式,美國(guó)對(duì)阿拉伯地區(qū)的軍事干預(yù)給阿盟內(nèi)部的國(guó)家關(guān)系帶來(lái)了現(xiàn)代史上最大的政治沖擊。隨后,美國(guó)開(kāi)始推廣其自由主義政治思想,倡導(dǎo)美國(guó)自由民主的普遍性,造成了極端武裝組織以“反對(duì)美國(guó)霸權(quán)”為由的回應(yīng),加劇了阿拉伯伊斯蘭世界與西方世界之間的文化和宗教沖突。隨之而來(lái)的9.11事件強(qiáng)化了國(guó)際社會(huì)對(duì)阿拉伯世界的偏見(jiàn),對(duì)國(guó)際關(guān)系產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響,直接導(dǎo)致美國(guó)對(duì)阿拉伯地區(qū)新一輪的軍事干預(yù)。在這種情況下,多數(shù)阿拉伯國(guó)家安全系統(tǒng)崩潰,阿拉伯地區(qū)喪失了原有的區(qū)域權(quán)力平衡。緊接著,阿拉伯地區(qū)爆發(fā)了大規(guī)模人民民主運(yùn)動(dòng)。這些內(nèi)外部現(xiàn)象都預(yù)示著阿拉伯國(guó)家政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化和安全秩序的崩潰。論文第二章的核心在于分析阿拉伯國(guó)家制度的性質(zhì),及其如何影響阿拉伯國(guó)內(nèi)政治問(wèn)題的傳播,并嘗試歸納宗教意識(shí)形態(tài)沖突與阿拉伯地區(qū)安全局勢(shì)惡化的原因。由于未能緩解阿拉伯國(guó)家之間的緊張關(guān)系,阿盟面臨著信任危機(jī)加劇的局面。此外,以色列繼續(xù)占領(lǐng)阿拉伯國(guó)家和未能完成阿拉伯經(jīng)濟(jì)政治一體化的目標(biāo),都讓阿盟系統(tǒng)的有效性飽受質(zhì)疑。本章還研究了阿拉伯世界政治獨(dú)裁統(tǒng)治的擴(kuò)散和演變,以及隨之產(chǎn)生的經(jīng)濟(jì)惡化、貧困問(wèn)題加劇、缺乏社會(huì)正義等問(wèn)題。由于社會(huì)階層問(wèn)題、區(qū)域發(fā)展不平衡問(wèn)題,以及種族宗教因素的疊加,使得原有的經(jīng)濟(jì)失衡演變?yōu)槊褡鍥_突和宗派沖突,甚至升級(jí)為內(nèi)戰(zhàn)和宗派戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。隨后爆發(fā)的阿拉伯社會(huì)抗議活動(dòng),加速了部分國(guó)家腐敗政治體系的倒塌。但隨之而來(lái)的是社會(huì)抗議活動(dòng)迅速變成一種宗教戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)手段。在經(jīng)歷了意識(shí)形態(tài)和種族沖突后,阿拉伯世界轉(zhuǎn)向政治-宗教勢(shì)力的權(quán)力平衡,導(dǎo)致了宗教團(tuán)體之間的區(qū)域沖突、極端主義武裝組織的跨國(guó)界蔓延,以及恐怖主義和宗教極端主義的崛起,并成為全球政治安全問(wèn)題的焦點(diǎn)。論文第三章提出一個(gè)實(shí)用的漸進(jìn)方法,用于解決目前阿拉伯秩序面臨的問(wèn)題,并恢復(fù)阿拉伯地區(qū)的實(shí)力。本章涉及為避免阿拉伯政權(quán)的全面崩潰而進(jìn)行的有效戰(zhàn)略選擇。首先,應(yīng)對(duì)阿拉伯國(guó)家的安全制度實(shí)行改革,重建倡導(dǎo)公平的共和國(guó)安全機(jī)構(gòu),以保護(hù)阿拉伯國(guó)家的安全。此外,阿拉伯世界的政治改革,是所有阿拉伯國(guó)家改革的精髓,旨在捍衛(wèi)阿拉伯人民的利益,在統(tǒng)一的民主阿拉伯政治秩序范圍內(nèi),構(gòu)建政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化。其次,現(xiàn)代化應(yīng)是所有阿拉伯國(guó)家共同的戰(zhàn)略選擇,現(xiàn)代化應(yīng)該成為阿拉伯國(guó)家所有經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域的目標(biāo),以趕上全球經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、文化現(xiàn)代化的步伐,并藉此減少社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩和激進(jìn)宗教意識(shí)形態(tài)的影響,從而避免極端主義的蔓延。論文最后一章,根據(jù)對(duì)阿拉伯體系失敗原因的歷史分析,使用前瞻性方法,提出一個(gè)符合實(shí)際的戰(zhàn)略框架,旨在建立一個(gè)新的阿拉伯秩序。從根本上看,阿拉伯國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略計(jì)劃的實(shí)施,取決于“改革、變革、現(xiàn)代化”。為了在21世紀(jì)阿盟成立一個(gè)世紀(jì)的時(shí)候,成功地為阿拉伯綜合秩序奠定基礎(chǔ),阿盟需要組織改革計(jì)劃,更新“阿拉伯聯(lián)盟憲章”,同時(shí)改革阿盟的政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu),以推動(dòng)阿拉伯聯(lián)合行動(dòng)的開(kāi)展。改革將成為阿拉伯秩序和阿拉伯國(guó)家變革的戰(zhàn)略催化劑,建立地區(qū)內(nèi)新型的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化結(jié)構(gòu),并達(dá)成阿拉伯經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化——這也是地區(qū)一體化的最重要的元素之一。此外,改革能加強(qiáng)阿拉伯政治和外交在國(guó)際舞臺(tái)上的作用。一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的阿拉伯需要新的阿拉伯秩序,這種先進(jìn)的、健全秩序則必須依靠“安全一體化、經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化和政治外交一體化”這三個(gè)支柱。
[Abstract]:Since the beginning of twenty-first Century, Arabia indicated that the status of political order, the deterioration of internal and regional geopolitical environment leads to the imbalance in Arabia politics. Based on the analysis of the influence of Arabia regional order of formation and evolution of various factors, the detailed discussion of the international environment, geopolitical relations of Arabia state, Arabia state system, ethnic conflict and sectarian influence factors such as the conflict in the Arabia area. In order trajectory and realistic environment on the evolution of Arabia area complex based on the history of the master, is presented in this paper in Arabia out of the new order mode of crisis strategy selection and construction in Arabia area. The first chapter of this thesis by analysis and descriptive methods, expounds the test of international political system in Arabia and its effects, and the state of Arabia. Due to the reaction of Post Cold War international relations appeared single pole pa The right mode, the modern history of the United States brought the biggest political impact of military intervention in Arabia to the Arab League countries within the relationship. Then, the United States began to promote the political liberalism, advocating universal American freedom and democracy, causing extremist armed groups to oppose the United States hegemony on the grounds of response, exacerbated by Islamic Arabia the world and the western world between the cultural and religious conflicts. 9.11 incidents to strengthen the international social prejudice against Arabia in the world, has a far-reaching influence on international relations, led directly to the United States of Arabia in a new round of military intervention. In this case, the majority of Arabia's national security system collapse, Arabia area lost area the original balance of power. Then, the outbreak of large-scale people's democratic movement in Arabia. These internal and external phenomenon are harbingers of Allah "National politics, economy, culture and security order collapse. The second chapter is to analyze the core nature of the Arabia state system, and how communication affects Arabia's domestic political problems, and try to summarize the reason for religious ideology conflict and the deterioration of the security situation in Arabia area. Due to the failure to ease tensions between the countries of Arabia, the Arab League faces trust crisis exacerbated the situation. In addition, Israel continued to occupy Arabia and Arabia failed to complete the national political and economic integration, let the effectiveness of Arab League System questioned. This chapter also studies the diffusion and evolution of Arabia world political dictatorship, and the resulting economic deterioration, poverty increased, the lack of social justice and other issues because of social problems, the problem of uneven regional development, as well as the superposition of ethnic and religious factors, making the original Some economic imbalances evolve into ethnic conflict and sectarian conflict, even escalated into civil war and sectarian war. Then the outbreak of the Arabia social protest, accelerated the collapse of corrupt political system in some countries. But it is the social protest quickly turned into a religious war. After the ideology and racial conflict, balance of power Arabia world to political religious forces, leading to a regional conflict between religious groups, cross-border spread of extremist armed groups, as well as the rise of terrorism and religious extremism, and become the focus of global political and security issues. The third chapter puts forward a practical approach, to solve the problem of present Arabia order problems, and the restoration of Arabia area strength. This chapter relates to the effective strategy to avoid a total collapse of the Arabia regime of election Optional. First of all, Arabia's national security system to implement reform, reconstruction of the Republic security organizations advocate fair, in order to protect the national security of Arabia. In addition, Arabia's political reform, reform is the essence of all the country of Arabia, to defend the interests of the people in the Arab, Arabia unified democratic political order within the scope of the construction of political and the economic integration. Secondly, modernization should be all Arabia national common strategic choice, modernization should be all areas of the economy in the state of Arabia, in order to catch up with the global economic, social and cultural modernization, and reduce the impact of social unrest and radical religious ideology thereby, so as to avoid the spread of extremism. The last chapter of this paper, according to the analysis of the causes of the failure of the Arabia system of history, using prospective method, puts forward a practical strategic framework, purpose In the establishment of a new order in Arabia. Basically, the implementation of the Arabia national strategic plan, depends on "reform, reform and modernization". In order to set up a century in twenty-first Century the Arab League, successfully laid the foundation for the Arabia comprehensive order, Arab League organization need reform plan, update the "Arabia union charter" at the same time, the reform of the political and economic structure, to promote the Arabia to carry out joint action. The reform will become a strategic catalyst for Arabia and Arabia national order change, the establishment of new political areas, economic and cultural structure, and reached Arabia economic integration -- one of which is the integration area of the most important elements. In addition, the reform will to strengthen the role of Arabia's politics and diplomacy in the international arena. A unified Arabia needs a new order in Arabia, this advanced, perfect order We must rely on the three pillars of "security integration, economic integration and political and diplomatic integration".

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D815.4
，

本文編號(hào)：1386097