發(fā)布時間：2018-06-08 21:30

  本文選題：奧登 + 思想歷程��； 參考：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：威斯坦·休·奧登是20世紀(jì)英美詩壇上的一位舉足輕重的詩人,一般認(rèn)為在他的創(chuàng)作生涯中,其思想發(fā)展經(jīng)歷了三個階段的轉(zhuǎn)變。第一階段主要為心理學(xué)思想,第二階段主要為左傾政治思想,第三階段主要為基督教思想。本文采取新歷史主義、文化研究、心理分析等批評方法深入分析奧登不同時期思想的主要內(nèi)容、產(chǎn)生根源、轉(zhuǎn)變緣由,以及三種主要思想之間的矛盾、聯(lián)系、承接等問題。在此基礎(chǔ)上,借助大量的文本分析,對奧登思想在作品中的具體顯現(xiàn)和對不同時期詩歌創(chuàng)作的影響進(jìn)行詳盡的探討。本文主要分為五章。前面兩章探討奧登的多種思想及其關(guān)系,后面三章闡述奧登三種思想和詩歌創(chuàng)作的聯(lián)系。具體而言,第一章論述奧登三種主要思想的具體內(nèi)容和轉(zhuǎn)變過程。他的心理學(xué)思想受到弗洛伊德、格羅代克、霍默·萊恩、萊亞德、榮格等心理學(xué)家的影響,形成了帶有診斷性質(zhì)的藝術(shù)觀,將詩歌藝術(shù)作為觀察人性的工具和治愈人心的藥方。他的政治思想根源于1930年代動蕩的時局,他選擇站在無產(chǎn)階級立場上關(guān)注社會現(xiàn)實(shí),馬克思主義理論中的勞動價值理論、剩余價值理論、歷史唯物論等對他影響深遠(yuǎn),他了解到資產(chǎn)階級背后的丑陋,對共產(chǎn)主義拯救世界寄予期待。他的基督教思想根源于其教會家庭,他幼年時一直遵從母親的宗教引導(dǎo),直到青少年時期接觸了大量科學(xué)理論,他開始對宗教產(chǎn)生懷疑,宣稱放棄原有的信仰。不過當(dāng)1930年代末他開始研究克爾愷郭爾的基督教存在主義理論之后,他逐步理解了基督教的真正含義,重新參加禮拜,并承認(rèn)自己對基督教信仰的回歸。第二章研究奧登三種思想的重要特點(diǎn)——交融性與持續(xù)性。交融性體現(xiàn)在雖然三種思想截然不同,但依然存在著交叉與融合。奧登對于世界的整體看法由基督教轉(zhuǎn)向心理學(xué)分析再轉(zhuǎn)向左傾政治最后又回歸基督教,這是一個繼承與累積的過程,它們都建立在奧登救民救世的基本初衷之上。持續(xù)性則表現(xiàn)為盡管三種思想階段分明,但都對他的創(chuàng)作產(chǎn)生了持續(xù)一生的影響。心理學(xué)賦予了奧登治愈人心的使命感和心理分析的科學(xué)方法,馬克思主義教會奧登客觀、歷史、辯證的思考方式,而基督教則給予奧登對愛的關(guān)注與對人的關(guān)懷,這三方面融入到奧登的創(chuàng)作思想之中,在其創(chuàng)作的不同階段都有體現(xiàn)。第三章分析奧登的心理學(xué)思想與詩歌創(chuàng)作之間的關(guān)系,具體從病態(tài)人格、死亡陰影、自我困境、以及愛的治愈等方面探討了心理學(xué)思想在內(nèi)涵方面對奧登詩歌創(chuàng)作的影響,同時指出心理學(xué)思想在形式上也影響了奧登的詩歌創(chuàng)作,并分別從寓言式寫作和詩歌的風(fēng)格兩方面進(jìn)行了論述。第四章討論奧登的左傾政治思想對其詩歌創(chuàng)作的影響,闡述他是如何通過作品表明他的左翼立場,表達(dá)他對資產(chǎn)階級的批評和對無產(chǎn)階級斗爭的鼓動,同時他還常在作品中表達(dá)了對社會問題的高度關(guān)注,并試圖通過詩歌去呼吁人們反抗不公與暴政,進(jìn)行社會變革。本章還從“鷹的視域”及言語風(fēng)格兩方面分析了奧登左傾政治思想對其詩歌創(chuàng)作在形式上的影響。第五章論述基督教思想在奧登詩歌創(chuàng)作中的表現(xiàn)。通過對他晚年詩歌的研讀,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)他的基督教信仰是虔誠的,但也是理性的。虔誠表現(xiàn)在他通過大量頌禱式寫作和宗教式隱喻來表達(dá)對上帝之光的信賴與推崇,而理性則表現(xiàn)在他有著自己獨(dú)特的宗教觀念,他對宗教的頌揚(yáng)也更多在于其能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)他“愛鄰如己”的救世信條。通過上述討論,本文得出的結(jié)論為,奧登的三種思想彼此之間存在著交集和聯(lián)系,并且對奧登都有終其一生的深刻影響。心理學(xué)思想對于奧登的詩歌創(chuàng)作產(chǎn)生最大的影響在于診斷性的藝術(shù)觀,認(rèn)為可以借助詩歌藝術(shù)來治愈人病態(tài)的心靈;而左傾政治思想的影響在于讓奧登持續(xù)地對現(xiàn)實(shí)社會保持關(guān)注,并學(xué)會以客觀、辯證、理性的角度來看待社會問題,提出社會改革;基督教信仰的影響在于讓奧登堅信“愛鄰如己”是與生俱來的使命,只有沐浴在上帝的光環(huán)之下,才能獲得靈魂的棲息之所,獲得平和的精神樂土,從而在荒蕪的世界中堅強(qiáng)而安定地生存。
[Abstract]:Weinstein Hugh Oden is one of the most important poets in the Anglo American poetry world in twentieth Century. It is generally believed that in his creative career, his ideological development has undergone three stages of transformation. The first stage is mainly psychological thought, the second stage is mainly left leaning political thought and the third stage is mainly Christian thought. This article takes a new history. The criticism methods, such as doctrine, cultural research, psychological analysis, and so on, deeply analyze the main contents of Auden's thought in different periods, cause the origin, change the reason, and the contradiction, connection and undertaking between the three main ideas. On this basis, with the help of a large number of text analysis, the concrete manifestation of Auden thought in the works and the poetry of different periods are made. The influence of the creation is discussed in detail. This article is divided into five chapters. The first two chapters discuss Auden's various thoughts and their relations, and the other three chapters explain the connection between Auden's three thoughts and poetic creation. In particular, the first chapter discusses the specific content and transformation process of Auden's three main ideas. His psychological thoughts are Freud, The influence of grosdeco, Homer Ryan, Layard, Carl Jung, and other psychologists, formed a view of the nature of the art of art, the art of poetry as a tool for observing human nature and a prescription for the healing of people. His political thoughts were rooted in the turbulent times of the 1930s, and he chose to stand on the proletarian position and pay attention to social reality and Marx. The theory of labor value theory, the theory of surplus value and historical materialism have profound influence on him. He understands the ugly behind the bourgeoisie and hopes to save the world by communism. His Christian thought is rooted in his church family, and he has been guided by the mother's religion at a young age until he is in contact with a large number of subjects. In theory, he began to doubt about religion and claimed to give up the original belief. But after he began to study Kerr Key Gol's Christian existentialism in the late 1930s, he gradually understood the true meaning of Christianity, rejoined the church, and acknowledged his return to the Christian faith. The second chapter studied the three ideas of Auden. It is an important feature - blending and sustainability. The integration is embodied in the fact that although the three ideas are completely different, there are still intersecting and merging. Auden's overall view of the world is from Christianity to psychology and then to leftist politics and finally to Christianity. This is a process of succession and accumulation, all of which are established in Auden's rescue. On the basis of the basic original intention of the people's salvation, persistence shows that although the three ideological stages are distinct, they all have a lasting influence on his creation. Psychology gives Auden the sense of mission and the scientific method of psychoanalysis. Marx teaches Auden to be objective, historical, and dialectical thinking, while Christianity is given to him. Auden's attention to love and concern for people, these three aspects are integrated into Auden's creative thinking and in the different stages of his creation. The third chapter analyses the relationship between Auden's psychological thoughts and poetic creation, and discusses the psychological thoughts from the morbid personality, the shadow of death, the self stranded condition, and the cure of love. In the connotation of the influence of Auden's poetic creation, it also points out that psychological thought also affects Auden's poetic creation in form, and discusses the two aspects of the allegorical writing and the style of poetry. The fourth chapter discusses the influence of Auden's leftist political thought on his poetic creation, and expounds how he shows him through his works. The left-wing position expressed his criticism of the bourgeoisie and the agitation of the proletarian struggle. At the same time, he often expressed his high attention to the social problems in his works, and tried to appeal to people to resist injustice and tyranny and carry on social change through poetry. This chapter also analyzed Odenzzo from the "Eagle's horizon" and the language style. The fifth chapter discusses the expression of Christian thought in the creation of Auden's poetry. Through the study of his later years, he can find that his Christian faith is pious, but also rational. The trust and worship of the light, while reason shows that he has his own unique religious concept, and his praise of religion is more about the salvation of his "loving neighbor as yourself". Through the above discussion, the conclusion of this article is that Auden's three ideas are intersecting and connected with each other, and that Auden has the end of each other. The profound influence of the psychological thought on Auden's poetic creation lies in a diagnostic art view that can be used to heal the sick mind with the help of poetic art, while the influence of the leftist political thought lies in keeping Auden continuing to pay attention to the real society and learning to be objective, dialectical and rational. To look at social problems and put forward social reform, the influence of Christian faith lies in making Auden firmly believe that "love the neighbor as yourself" is an inherent mission. Only under the aura of God can we get the place of the soul, get the peaceful spirit, and survive in the barren world.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：I712.074
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本文編號：1997209