本文選題：物質(zhì)文化研究 + “物的傳記”�。� 參考：《蘭州大學(xué)》2017年博士論文

【摘要】：“為物立傳”的書寫方式可謂是一種獨(dú)具情思的詩學(xué)理想,“物的傳記”研究既是對這種書寫方式的研究,也是對這種研究類型的再研究與再辨析。其理論基礎(chǔ)連結(jié)著阿帕杜萊、科比托夫、邁爾斯、福羅等人的研究觀點(diǎn);其材料基礎(chǔ)多見于近三十年多來一系列歷史性的、譜系化的、文本簇式的,帶有傳記特征的物的書寫文本;其研究的可行性與目的則是要通過“關(guān)聯(lián)——結(jié)合式研究”從整體上將零散的、片段式的傳記材料融會貫通并進(jìn)行深入的“物的傳記”研究�！拔锏膫饔洝闭J(rèn)為物具有獨(dú)立的生命性以及獨(dú)特的意義與價值,這種研究物的觀點(diǎn)并不是要全面否定人作為行為主體在社會歷史中的地位和作用,而是想要通過這種方式將物原本非精神性的、不具觀念意識、也非心靈構(gòu)造的實(shí)體特征能夠放置到文化與社會的關(guān)系之中,使其與人能夠策應(yīng)聯(lián)合并達(dá)到一種相對平等的狀態(tài)。對于“物的傳記”的研究,不僅要關(guān)注物與社會、文化的結(jié)合之處,也要注重人/物關(guān)系的體察與思考。論文由緒論部分、正文部分和結(jié)語部分組成,其中正文部分包含四章。緒論首先從“物的傳記”研究的研究背景——物質(zhì)文化研究談起,并對“物的傳記”研究這一問題的緣起做了相應(yīng)的鋪墊與梳理;而后對“物的傳記”的研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行歸納和整理,明確選題范圍;最后介紹章節(jié)內(nèi)容與行文思路。第一章,物質(zhì)文化研究中的“物的傳記”。這一部分分別由“物的傳記”的物質(zhì)性、文化性、生命性、過程性四節(jié)內(nèi)容組成,主要目的是通過這幾個大的維度來對“物的傳記”進(jìn)行總體把握�！拔锏膫饔洝钡奈镔|(zhì)性維度無疑是明晰的,這就將其定位為物質(zhì)文化研究的分支提供了相互連屬的確證性�！拔锏膫饔洝钡奈幕酝拔锏膫饔洝钡奈镔|(zhì)性相互聯(lián)系、一體兩面式的關(guān)系使得“物的傳記”研究牢固地定位于物質(zhì)文化研究的框架之內(nèi)�！拔锏膫饔洝钡纳赃@一部分既是對物質(zhì)文化研究的回應(yīng),也是突出物的生命性特征,而這里的生命性特征更加注重的是對物的歷史、變遷以及動態(tài)化的關(guān)注,也就意味著其生命性特征在于物參與人類歷史變遷所體現(xiàn)出來的主體性價值以及對人類歷史命運(yùn)的改寫。正是在這一過程之中,物幫助甚至在某種意義上主導(dǎo)了人的進(jìn)化,但另一方面,人類在利用物的同時也被物所利用。由此,“物的傳記”的過程性研究就成為不得不關(guān)注的內(nèi)容,本小節(jié)主要從當(dāng)代物質(zhì)文化研究中的常見議題“科學(xué)技術(shù)”與“人文新變”兩方面來談,這兩方面的發(fā)展變化突出了“物的傳記”過程性的維度特征。第二章,“物的傳記”的文本表征�！拔锏膫饔洝毖芯侩x不開各類文本表征,正是這些文本表征記憶著物的主體性價值與物的生命過程。由此,這一部分的重心是通過文學(xué)文本表征、文化文本表征及影像文本表征三個方面對“物的傳記”的呈現(xiàn),研究各類文本中的“物的傳記”的表征形式及其這種形式背后的價值體現(xiàn)。物在不同的文本表征中具有不同的功能和應(yīng)用價值,這些文本成就物的文化意義,展現(xiàn)和建構(gòu)物的主體性價值,形成其自有的文化功能,而這一切都是也只能是通過個別的具體的物的敘事來進(jìn)行的。因此,這一章主要目的在于通過具體的文學(xué)文本來認(rèn)識物所承載的文化意義,通過對文化文本的分析來研究物的文化功能及其展現(xiàn),也通過影像文本來看物與科技的結(jié)合以及人與物的關(guān)系。第三章,“物的傳記”的詩學(xué)內(nèi)涵。傳主問題與傳記文類問題都是“物的傳記”研究中獨(dú)具特色的內(nèi)容,二者共同闡釋“物的傳記”的詩學(xué)內(nèi)涵。一方面,在“物的傳記”中,傳主并非是常規(guī)意義上靜止的實(shí)體之物,而是選擇文化滲透、觀念影響與審美觀照之下的物來作為“物的傳記”中的傳主。另一方面,傳記這一文學(xué)類型,在“物的傳記”當(dāng)中并沒有發(fā)揮傳統(tǒng)文類的全部作用,所以“物的傳記”也并非是嚴(yán)格意義上的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文學(xué)體裁,作為傳記文學(xué)的亞類,“物的傳記”最終是要形成帶有“物性詩學(xué)”意義并兼具物性表征的傳記文類。另外,將傳統(tǒng)傳記形式人物傳記與“物的傳記”進(jìn)行各個方面的比較來突出“物的傳記”的文類特征。最后一節(jié)“物的傳記”的總體特征,是通過“非此即彼”的比較方法來界定的,盡管這種方式有些簡單化,但卻更易從整體上把握“物的傳記”的特征。第四章,“物的傳記”的價值意義。在文化領(lǐng)域,“物的傳記”主要影響了文化觀念、文化心態(tài)以及文化性別等方面,它們側(cè)重于物與人的關(guān)系探討。由于這種探討以物為基準(zhǔn),因而影響甚至改變了人們的文化觀念、心態(tài)等等,也即文化并不僅僅只是人的文化,更是物的文化。在文學(xué)領(lǐng)域,由于“物的傳記”這種研究視角的出現(xiàn),使得一方面文學(xué)將自身的虛構(gòu)性特征漸趨弱化而增加對歷史真實(shí)性的期待,另一方面也使得當(dāng)代文學(xué)研究注重自身的研究方向從原本的社會事實(shí)論向文化建構(gòu)論推進(jìn),且物質(zhì)的向度更為明顯。結(jié)語部分,對上述章節(jié)進(jìn)行總結(jié)并進(jìn)一步肯定“物的傳記”研究的優(yōu)勢與貢獻(xiàn),并對這一研究提出批判性的意見,從而對“物的傳記”研究做總結(jié)歸納式的評價。
[Abstract]:The writing style of "biography for things" is a unique poetic ideal. The study of "biography of things" is not only a study of this style of writing, but also a restudy and analysis of this type of research. Its theoretical basis is connected with the research views of apapolai, Kobe TOV, Meyers, and Fu Luo. In the past thirty years, a series of historical, genealogical, textual, textual, and biographical features are written. The feasibility and purpose of the study is to integrate the scattered, fragmented biographies and carry out an in-depth "biography" of "biography" through the "Association - combined study". The biography of objects "holds that things have independent life and unique meaning and value. The view of this object is not to completely negate the status and role of the person as the subject in the social history, but to make it an entity that is not spiritual, not conceptual, nor psychic. Enough to be placed in the relationship between culture and society so that it can unite with people and achieve a relatively equal state. The study of "biography of things" should not only pay attention to the material and society, the cultural combination, but also pay attention to the understanding and thinking of the relationship between human and material. The thesis is composed of the introduction, the body part and the conclusion part. The main body of the text contains four chapters. First, the introduction begins with the research background of "biography of things" - material and cultural studies, and makes a corresponding paving and combing the origin of the study of "biography of things", and then sums up and collates the research status of "biography of things", and makes clear the scope of the topic; finally, the chapter is introduced in the chapter. The first chapter, "biography of things" in material and cultural studies. This part is composed of four sections of material, culture, life and process, respectively. The main purpose is to grasp the "biography of things" through these big dimensions. The material dimension of "biography of things" is no doubt It is clear that the branch of the study of material culture provides the confirmative nature of mutual connections. The culture of "biography of things" is interconnected with the materiality of "biography of things", and the relationship of one and two makes the study of "biography of things" firmly located within the framework of material culture research. "Biography of things" The part of life is both a response to the study of material culture and the life characteristic of the protruding, and the life characteristics here pay more attention to the history, changes and dynamic concerns of the object, which means that its life characteristics lie in the subjective value embodied in the change of human history and to human beings. In this process, it is in this process that things help, even in a sense, lead the evolution of human beings, but on the other hand, human beings are also used by things at the same time. Thus, the process of "biography of things" has become a content that has to be paid attention to. This section is mainly from the common study of contemporary material and culture. The two aspects of the topic "science and technology" and "new human changes" are discussed. The development and changes of these two aspects highlight the dimensional characteristics of the process of "biography of things". The second chapter, the text characterization of "biography of things". "Biography of things" can not be separated from various types of textual characterization. It is these textual representations that remember the subjective values and objects of the objects. The center of gravity of this part is the representation of "biography of things" through three aspects of literary text characterization, cultural text characterization and image text characterization, and the representation of "biography of objects" in various texts and the value embodiment behind this form. And applied value, the cultural significance of these text achievements, the manifestation and the subjective value of the constructivism, and the formation of their own cultural functions, all of which can only be carried out through the narration of individual specific objects. Therefore, the main purpose of this chapter is to understand the cultural significance of the objects through the literary texts of the body. Through the analysis of cultural text to study the cultural function and display of objects, and through the image text to see the combination of things and science and technology and the relationship between man and thing. The third chapter, "biography of things", the poetic connotation of the "biography of things". The issues of the master and biography are the unique content in the study of "biography of things", and the two interprets the "things" together. On the one hand, in the biography of the "biography of things", the master is not the object of the static entity in the conventional sense, but it chooses the cultural infiltration, the influence of the concept and the objects under the aesthetic view as the master of the "biography of things". On the other hand, the biography of this type of literature has not been played in the "biography of things". The "biography of things" is not a standard literary genre in the strict sense. As a subclass of biographical literature, "biography of things" is the final form of biography with the meaning of "physical Poetics" and with physical characterization. In addition, the biography of the biography and the "biography of things" is carried out. The general characteristics of the "biography of things" in the last section of the "biography of things" are defined by the comparative method of "either or not". Although this way is somewhat simple, it is easier to grasp the characteristics of the "biography of things" as a whole. The fourth chapter, the value meaning of "biography of things" In the field of culture, "biography of things" mainly affects cultural concepts, cultural mentality and cultural sex. They focus on the relationship between things and people. Because this approach is based on objects, it affects and even changes people's cultural concepts, mentality and so on, that is, culture is not only a human culture, but also a material. Culture. In the field of literature, the emergence of "biography of things" makes literature weaken its own fictitious characteristics and increase the expectation of historical authenticity. On the other hand, it also makes contemporary literature research focus on its own research direction from the original social factual theory to cultural constructivism. The conclusion is more obvious. The conclusion part summarizes the above chapters and further affirms the advantages and contributions of the study of "biography of things", and puts forward critical opinions on this study, so as to make a summary and inductive evaluation of the study of "biography of things".

【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G02

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