本文關(guān)鍵詞：回鶻與喀喇汗文獻(xiàn)語言詞匯比較研究　出處：《中央民族大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：《回鶻與喀喇汗古突厥語文獻(xiàn)》是古代突厥語兩個不同歷史時期的語言文獻(xiàn),回鶻文獻(xiàn)的基本斷代為9-14世紀(jì)、喀喇汗獻(xiàn)為10-14世紀(jì)。后者的語言對中世紀(jì)中亞地區(qū)的突厥語言,特別是對烏古斯-克普恰克語支的書面文學(xué)語言產(chǎn)生過重要影響。但對回鶻文獻(xiàn)語言與喀喇汗王朝語言的關(guān)系,以及它對中亞古代突厥語言的影響的具體特征范圍,程度學(xué)術(shù)界缺乏研究。回鶻與喀喇汗文獻(xiàn)資料前人有比較豐富的研究成果,比如:國外有Atalay Besim(阿塔萊·巴森)、Arat Resit Rahmeti(熱西提·拉赫買提·阿拉提)、Sinasi Tekin(斯娜西·特肯)、Aysu Ata(阿依蘇·阿塔)、CevalKaya(加烏勒·卡亞)等人對回鶻喀喇汗文獻(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)寫解讀方面有突出的貢獻(xiàn),Sir Gerard Clauson(克勞森),HasanEren(哈森·艾然),Caferoglu Ahmet(阿合買提·賈費爾)等人編輯了比較全面的詞源詞典和回鶻語詞典。國內(nèi)有耿世民、胡振華、李經(jīng)緯、張鐵山、阿力肯、周北川、阿依達(dá)爾、牛汝極、趙明鳴等教授們把部分回鶻與喀喇汗文獻(xiàn)從原文撰寫并翻譯成漢語了。本文希望借助這些有利條件,以回鶻與喀喇汗書面材料為對象,排比不同時期的歷史文獻(xiàn),找出期間的差異,不過,兩者詞匯數(shù)量龐雜紛繁,筆者不可能畢其功于一役,那么多的內(nèi)容也非一篇文章所能容納,進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)娜∩嵋彩潜厝坏摹Q句話說,本文并非要全面深入地論述回瀉與喀喇汗文獻(xiàn)全部的詞匯,只是要進(jìn)行提綱掣領(lǐng)式地描寫和對比從而找出文獻(xiàn)語言的特點。本文的內(nèi)容安排如下:第一部分,緒論。內(nèi)容主要包括回鶻與喀喇汗文獻(xiàn)國內(nèi)外研究狀況,研究意義和研究方法的介紹。第二部分正文。正文包括四章內(nèi)容,第一章介紹現(xiàn)存的回鶻與喀喇汗文獻(xiàn)的類型與主要語言特點。比如:回鶻文獻(xiàn)有歷史傳記類、社會經(jīng)濟(jì)類、文學(xué)藝術(shù)類、宗教信仰類和科學(xué)技術(shù)類。本論文主要參考屬于社會經(jīng)濟(jì)類的吐魯番出土文獻(xiàn),屬于文學(xué)藝術(shù)類的《彌勒會見記》,屬于宗教信仰類的《金光明最勝王經(jīng)》、《大方廣佛華嚴(yán)經(jīng)》、《阿含經(jīng)》、《善惡兩王子故事》等佛教經(jīng)典,屬于科學(xué)技術(shù)類的歷法,醫(yī)學(xué)等文獻(xiàn)殘片。本論文參考的喀喇汗文獻(xiàn)有《福樂智慧》、《突厥語大詞典》、《古蘭經(jīng)注釋》和《真理的獻(xiàn)禮》等文學(xué)經(jīng)典。第二章,語音演變特征比較。本章包括第一節(jié)元音和第二節(jié)輔音,從元音和輔音的交替、脫落、增音、對應(yīng)、換位等方面對回鶻與喀拉汗文獻(xiàn)語音進(jìn)行比較,去發(fā)現(xiàn)二者語音系統(tǒng)方面的一些差異。第三章,回鶻—喀喇汗突厥語文獻(xiàn)語言詞匯特點研究。本章以人體部位與器官詞匯、動物名稱、親屬稱謂和家庭的詞匯、有關(guān)天體和自然界事物的詞匯、有關(guān)法律、公正、罪行的詞匯、有關(guān)王室貴族社群和社會階層的詞匯、有關(guān)飲食、服飾的詞匯、有關(guān)農(nóng)業(yè)詞匯等八個方面對回鶻與喀喇汗文獻(xiàn)語言基本詞匯進(jìn)行比較。常用的基本詞匯表示最基本的概念的核心詞匯,回鶻與喀喇汗文獻(xiàn)語言在基本詞匯上是基本一致的,這是使它們構(gòu)成同一語言共同體的重要基礎(chǔ)。盡管如此,對二者的基本詞匯進(jìn)行對比研究發(fā)現(xiàn)仍存在著差異,這些差異主要表現(xiàn)在外來詞和方言方面。第四章,回鶻與喀喇汗突厥語文獻(xiàn)語言宗教詞匯比較研究。本章包括第一節(jié),宗教詞匯的分類與特點和第二節(jié)宗教詞匯的來源。第一節(jié)以有關(guān)造物主的詞匯、宗教人物名、宗教活動的名稱和有關(guān)宗教教義的詞匯等四個方面對回鶻喀喇汗文獻(xiàn)語言宗教詞匯進(jìn)行對比,最后發(fā)現(xiàn)宗教術(shù)語具有獨一性,學(xué)術(shù)性特點導(dǎo)致二者宗教詞匯的差異,雖然人類的幾大宗教盡管在起源和教義方面有很大的不同,但它們在某些方面又具有某種程度的牽連和共通性,因此二者有共同用于的詞匯。換句話說,第一節(jié),主要分析探討了回鶻與喀喇汗文獻(xiàn)語言宗教詞匯的差異和共同點。第二節(jié),比較和分析宗教詞的來源即借詞。回鶻汗國時期回鶻人信仰過薩滿教、襖教、佛教、摩尼教等到了喀喇汗時期,接受了伊斯蘭教,隨著宗教經(jīng)典著作的翻譯回鶻與喀喇汗語中出現(xiàn)了大量的梵文、粟特文、漢文、波斯-阿拉伯文借詞,這些借詞的原語不同,因此回鶻與喀拉汗文獻(xiàn)語言詞匯也出現(xiàn)了差異�？偟膩碚f本論文從語音,基本詞匯,宗教詞匯等三方面為出發(fā)點,對回鶻與喀喇汗文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行對比研究,根據(jù)初步的對比成果筆者認(rèn)為回鶻與喀喇汗文獻(xiàn)中有詞匯方面的差異,引起這些詞匯差異的主要原因:第一,方言區(qū)別,第二,文獻(xiàn)出世的歷史時間的早晚,第三,宗教的影響,第四外來詞的影響。
[Abstract]:"The ancient Turkic Uighur with Kalahan literature" is an ancient Turkic language in two different historical periods of literature, the basic literature of 9-14 century dating in the 10-14 century, Kalahan offered for the latter. The language of the Middle Ages in Central Asian Turkic languages, especially had an important effect on the Chuck Koeppe Oghuz language branch - written literature but the relationship of Uighur language. Language and literature Karhan language, and the range of its influence on the specific characteristics of Central Asia ancient Turkic language, the degree of academic research. The lack of such as ratio of rich research results, and Literature: Atalay Kalahan former Besim foreign Arat Resit (Atalay Barson), Rahmeti (Gecity Rakhmat Arati) Sinasi, Tekin (Snasi Teke), Aysu Ata (Aissou Atta), CevalKaya (Ule Kaya et al) of Uighur literature Kalahan transliteration Contribution to the interpretation of Sir, Gerard Clauson (Clausen), HasanEren (Hassan Aran), Caferoglu Ahmet (Ahmat Jafell), editor of etymological dictionary and Uighur language dictionary morecomprehensive. Domestic Geng Shimin, Hu Zhenhua, Li Jingwei, Zhang Tieshan, Aliken, Zhou Beichuan, Aidar, Zhao Mingming and other professors Ruji cattle, part of the Uighur and literature from the original karahan written and translated into Chinese. The author hopes these favorable conditions, and to the Kalahan written materials as the object, parallelism in different periods of the history of literature, to find out the difference during, however, both the number of vocabulary numerous and complex, the author could not accomplish the whole task at one stroke, so much of the content is not an article can accommodate, proper choice is inevitable. In other words, this is not a full discussion of all the documents and back purging Kalahan Words, just the outline of the button type description and comparative literature so as to find out the characteristics of the language. The contents of this paper are as follows: the first part is introduction. The content mainly includes the research status and the qarakhanid literature at home and abroad, research significance and research methods in this paper. The second part of the text. The text includes four chapters, the first characteristic chapter introduces types and the existing literature in Kalahan and main language. For example: the Uighur literature historical biography, social economics, literature and art, religion and science and technology. The main reference is a social and economic category of Turpan belongs to the unearthed literature, literature and art of Maitreya credited with < >, belong to a religious "golden light of the most victorious kings >, < < > and Guangfo Sutra, Agama >, < two >, and the prince the story of Buddhist classics, belongs to the field of science and technology calendar, medicine and other literature pieces This paper reference literature. There is happiness and wisdom Kalahan < >, < > < Turkic dictionary, the Qur'an Annotation "and" truth tribute > and so on classical literature. In the second chapter, this chapter compares the evolution characteristics of speech. The first section and the second section including vowel consonants, vowels and consonants from the turn off, epenthesis, compared to the corresponding, and Karakhan Literature Speech transposition, to find some differences between the two speech systems. In the third chapter, the Turkic language vocabulary of Uighur literature Kalahan -. In this chapter, body parts and organs of animal words, name, kinship and family vocabulary, and related objects the nature of things about vocabulary, law, justice, crime Related words, the Royal community and social class on diet, clothing vocabulary, vocabulary, vocabulary related to agriculture in eight aspects of the basic vocabulary of language and literature Kalahan Were compared. The basic vocabulary of repersentation core vocabulary of the basic concept, and the Kalahan literature language is basically the same in the basic vocabulary, which is that they constitute an important basis for the same language community. Nevertheless, the basic vocabulary of the two comparative study found that there are still differences, these differences mainly in foreign languages and dialects. In Chapter fourth, a comparative study of the Turkic language of religious literature and Kalahan vocabulary. This chapter includes the first section, the source of the religious vocabulary classification and characteristics and second religious vocabulary. In the first section of the creator's words, religious figures, the four aspects of religious activities and related. The religious vocabulary comparison of Uighur language literature Kalahan religious words, finally found religious terms have a unique academic characteristics, resulting in two religious vocabulary The difference, although the human great religions although there is a great difference in the origin and teachings, but they also in some areas with some degree of involvement and commonality, so there are two common used words. In other words, the first section mainly analyzes and discusses the differences between Uighur and karahan language vocabulary and religious literature the common point. The second section, the comparison and analysis of the source of the religious words namely loanwords. The Uighur Khanate period of ancient Uighur people believed in Shamanism, Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, Manichaeism until the qarakhanid period, accepted Islam, with the emergence of a large number of Sanskrit religious classic translation of Uighur language and Kalahan Sogdian, Chinese, Persian - Arabic loanwords, these primitive loanwords are different, so the Karakhan literature and language vocabulary have differences. In general this paper from the basic vocabulary, pronunciation, vocabulary and other three aspects as religion The starting point, the comparative study of the Uighur and Kalahan literature, according to the preliminary results of the comparison there is the difference between the vocabulary and the qarakhanid literature, mainly due to the differences in vocabulary: first, dialect difference, second, was born in the history of literature time, third, the influence of religion, influence of fourth foreign words.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H211.4;H211.3
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本文編號：1359797