天堂国产午夜亚洲专区-少妇人妻综合久久蜜臀-国产成人户外露出视频在线-国产91传媒一区二区三区

不同調(diào)控措施對基質(zhì)根區(qū)養(yǎng)分累積及番茄生長的影響

發(fā)布時間:2018-06-26 21:39

  本文選題:開放式 + 封閉式��; 參考:《中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2017年博士論文


【摘要】:農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境污染程度的加重和資源性廢棄物產(chǎn)生量的增加使得農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境的治理和資源性廢棄物的無害化資源化處理成為我國農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的重要課題,發(fā)展基質(zhì)栽培既可保護農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境又能消納部分資源性廢棄物,是實現(xiàn)以上課題的重要途徑。但基質(zhì)栽培中營養(yǎng)液管理不當時栽培根區(qū)會出現(xiàn)養(yǎng)分累積,進而引發(fā)栽培周期縮短、養(yǎng)分缺失、產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)低下等問題。營養(yǎng)液的管理受營養(yǎng)液供液方式、基質(zhì)類型和營養(yǎng)液配方等因素的影響。為此,本文系統(tǒng)分析了長季節(jié)栽培中開放式和封閉式供液方式下基質(zhì)栽培根區(qū)養(yǎng)分累積強度和特征的差異性,并探究了巖棉、椰糠和草炭蛭石三種基質(zhì)在栽培過程中各自根區(qū)養(yǎng)分含量和組成的變化情況,系統(tǒng)揭示了基質(zhì)特性對根區(qū)養(yǎng)分離子累積強度和特征的影響;最后以惰性基質(zhì)巖棉為載體從營養(yǎng)液配方調(diào)整角度出發(fā)研究了開放式供液方式下C1-替代部分NO3-以及不同K/Mg和Ca水平在緩解栽培系統(tǒng)中養(yǎng)分累積的應用效果,主要結(jié)論如下:(1)封閉式和開放式供液方式下番茄根區(qū)均存在養(yǎng)分累積和離子比例失衡現(xiàn)象。封閉式和開放式供液方式下根區(qū)溶液EC值隨生育期的延長不斷增加,且封閉式的增幅要高于開放式,最高EC值分別為17.2 mS cm-1和11.9 mS cm-1。各養(yǎng)分離子對EC值的貢獻率為NO3-K+Ca2+Mg2+SO42-H2PO4-。開放式和封閉式供液方式根區(qū)離子比例失衡特征、失衡程度相當,均表現(xiàn)為K+、Ca2+和H2PO4-比例降低,Mg2+、NO3-和SO42-比例上升。高EC值和離子比例失衡會導致番茄產(chǎn)量降低與果實臍腐病患病率增加。與開放式供液方式相比,封閉式供液方式能實現(xiàn)番茄基質(zhì)栽培的節(jié)水節(jié)肥和環(huán)境友好型發(fā)展。(2)基質(zhì)類型會影響根區(qū)溶液EC值和pH值的變化,椰糠和草炭蛭石根區(qū)溶液EC值和pH值均高于巖棉處理。采收后期巖棉、椰糠和草炭蛭石處理根區(qū)溶液EC分別為12.3 mScm-1、17.2 mS cm-和16.6 mS cm-1;與定植初期相比,采收后期巖棉、椰糠和草炭蛭石處理根區(qū)溶液pH值分別下降了 1.4、1.3和0.7個單位。基質(zhì)類型不同,滲透脅迫程度不同,椰糠和草炭蛭石栽培能有效減緩高EC值對果實臍腐病和產(chǎn)量的影響。(3)基質(zhì)類型會影響根區(qū)養(yǎng)分離子的組成。椰糠栽培會增加根區(qū)溶液K+含量;草炭蛭石栽培會降低根區(qū)溶液K+和H2PO4-含量,增加Ca2+含量。(4)不同供液方式和不同基質(zhì)栽培條件下根區(qū)溶液EC值均呈階段性的變化。開放式供液方式下在番茄果實膨大期-采收初期根區(qū)溶液EC值增幅最大,封閉式供液方式下和不同基質(zhì)栽培條件下在番茄采收中期根區(qū)溶液EC值增幅最大。(5)營養(yǎng)液中用Cl-替代部分NO3-可提高NO3-利用效率,減少NO3-的排出。高Cl-氐NO3-處理一年內(nèi)向外界環(huán)境中排出的N03-比常規(guī)營養(yǎng)液處理減少了 0.6 thm-2。提高營養(yǎng)液中Cl-含量可促進番茄對Ca的吸收。(6)與K/Mg為6.5相比,提高營養(yǎng)液K/Mg水平(13.0)能有效緩解基質(zhì)栽培中K耗竭和Mg累積問題。提高Ca供應水平能有效提高番茄Ca含量。與常規(guī)Ca處理相比,高Ca處理番茄老葉、新葉和果實中Ca含量分別提高了 4.1%、36.3%和8.1%。
[Abstract]:The aggravation of agricultural environmental pollution and the increase of the production of resource waste make the treatment of the agricultural environment and the disposal of the harmless resources of the resource waste become an important issue in the development of agriculture in our country. The development of the matrix cultivation can not only protect the agricultural environment but also eliminate some of the resource waste. It is an important way to realize the above problems. But the nutrient solution management in the substrate culture is not at that time the nutrient accumulation in the cultivated root zone, which leads to the shortage of the cultivation cycle, the lack of nutrient, the low yield and the low quality. The management of nutrient solution is influenced by the factors such as the way of nutrient solution, the type of matrix and the formula of the nutrient solution. The changes in nutrient content and composition of three substrates in rock wool, coconut bran and peat vermiculite were investigated in the cultivation process. The effects of matrix characteristics on the accumulation of nutrient ions and characteristics of nutrient ions in root region were revealed. Sexual substrate rock wool was used as the carrier to study the application effect of C1- substitution part NO3- and different K/Mg and Ca levels on nutrient accumulation in the cultivation system from the angle of nutrient solution formulation. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) there is nutrient accumulation and ion ratio in the root region of Tomato under closed and open solution. The EC value of the root zone solution increased with the prolongation of the growth period under closed and open mode. The increase of the closed type was higher than that of the open type. The highest EC value was 17.2 mS cm-1 and 11.9 mS cm-1. respectively. The contribution rate of each nutrient ion to the EC value was NO3-K+Ca2+Mg2+ SO42-H2PO4-. open and closed mode root zone ions. The proportion of imbalance is the same as K+, the proportion of Ca2+ and H2PO4- decreased, the proportion of Mg2+, NO3- and SO42- increased. The high EC value and the imbalance of the ion ratio would lead to the decrease of Tomato Yield and the increase of the incidence of fruit navel rot. (2) the matrix type will affect the change of EC value and pH value of root zone solution. The EC value and pH value of the solution of coconut bran and hirudite root zone are higher than that of rock wool. The EC of the late harvest rock wool, coconut bran and the peat vermiculite root zone solution EC are 12.3 mScm-1,17.2 mS cm- and 16.6 mS cm-1 respectively. Compared with the early harvest, the rock wool and coconut were collected at the early stage of harvest. The pH value of the root zone solution of chaff and peat vermiculite treatment decreased by 1.4,1.3 and 0.7 units respectively. The matrix types were different, the degree of osmotic stress was different. The cultivation of coconut bran and peat vermiculite could effectively slow down the effect of high EC on the fruit navel and yield. (3) the matrix type would affect the composition of nutrient ions in the root region. The cultivation of coconut bran increased the root solution K+ The content of vermiculite could reduce the content of K+ and H2PO4- in root solution and increase the content of Ca2+. (4) the EC value of root solution in different ways of feeding and culture of different substrates all showed a phase change. The maximum increase of EC value in the root zone solution at the early stage of the expansion of tomato fruit under the open feeding method was under the closed feeding mode and the difference. The EC value of root zone solution in the medium period of tomato harvest was the biggest increase. (5) replacing part NO3- with Cl- in nutrient solution could increase NO3- utilization efficiency and reduce NO3- discharge. High Cl- di NO3- reduced N03- in one year to outside environment and reduced Cl- content in nutrient solution to increase Cl- content in nutrient solution. Ca absorption of Ca. (6) compared with K/Mg 6.5, improving the K/Mg level of nutrient solution (13) can effectively alleviate the problem of K exhaustion and Mg accumulation in substrate cultivation. Improving Ca supply level can effectively improve the content of Ca in tomato. Compared with conventional Ca treatment, high Ca treated tomato old leaves, Ca content in new leaves and fruits are increased by 4.1%, 36.3% and 8.1%., respectively.
【學位授予單位】:中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】:博士
【學位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:S641.2

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 楊巖;孫欽平;李妮;劉本生;鄒國元;李吉進;江麗華;劉月仙;;不同過磷酸鈣添加量對蔬菜廢棄物堆肥的影響[J];農(nóng)業(yè)資源與環(huán)境學報;2017年01期

2 董曉華;趙喬;李英海;劉冀;李璐;姚著喜;胡曉農(nóng);蘇中波;;光照強度和CO_2濃度對柑橘樹植株蒸騰規(guī)律影響研究[J];節(jié)水灌溉;2016年11期

3 蔡紅明;王士超;劉巖;陳竹君;周建斌;;陜西日光溫室養(yǎng)分平衡及土壤養(yǎng)分累積特征研究[J];西北農(nóng)林科技大學學報(自然科學版);2016年09期

4 趙俊偉;尹昌斌;;青島市畜禽糞便排放量與肥料化利用潛力分析[J];中國農(nóng)業(yè)資源與區(qū)劃;2016年07期

5 熊俏;莫豪葵;蔣乃芬;潘玲華;;智能化連棟大棚蔬菜基質(zhì)栽培與土壤栽培對比試驗[J];南方園藝;2016年04期

6 范如芹;羅佳;嚴少華;盧信;劉麗珠;張振華;;農(nóng)作物秸稈基質(zhì)化利用技術(shù)研究進展[J];生態(tài)與農(nóng)村環(huán)境學報;2016年03期

7 王振華;裴磊;鄭旭榮;李文昊;;鹽堿地滴灌春小麥光合特性與耐鹽指標研究[J];農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報;2016年04期

8 陳保冬;趙方杰;張莘;伍松林;喬敏;歐陽緯瑩;朱永官;;土壤生物與土壤污染研究前沿與展望[J];生態(tài)學報;2015年20期

9 梁靜;王麗英;陳清;張衛(wèi)峰;;我國設施番茄氮肥施用量現(xiàn)狀及其利用率、產(chǎn)量影響和地力貢獻率分析評價[J];中國蔬菜;2015年10期

10 任安祥;呂曉靜;王羽梅;;不同光照強度下不同月份辣木光合作用及其相關(guān)指標的變化[J];韶關(guān)學院學報;2015年06期

相關(guān)博士學位論文 前8條

1 王劍鋒;基質(zhì)培番茄的鉀素營養(yǎng)生理響應與快速檢測技術(shù)研究[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學;2016年

2 嚴正娟;施用糞肥對設施菜田土壤磷素形態(tài)與移動性的影響[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學;2015年

3 朱建春;陜西農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物資源化利用問題研究[D];西北農(nóng)林科技大學;2014年

4 李鵬;農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物循環(huán)利用的績效評價及產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展機制研究[D];華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學;2014年

5 賈偉;我國糞肥養(yǎng)分資源現(xiàn)狀及其合理利用分析[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學;2014年

6 欒亞寧;農(nóng)林有機廢棄物堆腐生產(chǎn)花卉栽培基質(zhì)研究[D];北京林業(yè)大學;2011年

7 張鋒;中國化肥投入的面源污染問題研究[D];南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學;2011年

8 蔣衛(wèi)杰;有機生態(tài)型無土栽培番茄營養(yǎng)生理與優(yōu)化施肥研究[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學院;2007年

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前10條

1 姜玲;椰糠基質(zhì)栽培番茄高產(chǎn)特性研究[D];福建農(nóng)林大學;2016年

2 孫輝;廢棄物堆肥化基質(zhì)地面覆蓋對果園土壤及果樹生長的影響[D];山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學;2015年

3 宋志剛;不同作物秸稈用作番茄無土栽培基質(zhì)的研究[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學院;2013年

4 李繼蕊;蚯蚓堆肥在黃瓜育苗及栽培上的應用研究[D];山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學;2013年

5 宋曉曉;不同配比有機基質(zhì)對生菜生長、產(chǎn)量及品質(zhì)的影響[D];西北農(nóng)林科技大學;2013年

6 胡小婉;氯對油菜生長與營養(yǎng)吸收利用的效應及其機制[D];南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學;2013年

7 陳曉軍;基于蒸騰速率的溫室滴灌控制系統(tǒng)研究[D];浙江工業(yè)大學;2010年

8 孟長軍;鹽脅迫下櫻桃番茄苗期生理生化特性的研究[D];西北農(nóng)林科技大學;2007年

9 王軍鵬;菇渣復合基質(zhì)在蔬菜育苗和黃瓜栽培上的應用初步研究[D];華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學;2007年

10 王芳;氯化鉀對西瓜產(chǎn)量品質(zhì)和土壤中氯離子殘留的影響[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學院;2006年

,

本文編號:2071491

資料下載
論文發(fā)表

本文鏈接:http://sikaile.net/shoufeilunwen/nykjbs/2071491.html


Copyright(c)文論論文網(wǎng)All Rights Reserved | 網(wǎng)站地圖 |

版權(quán)申明:資料由用戶0bc04***提供,本站僅收錄摘要或目錄,作者需要刪除請E-mail郵箱bigeng88@qq.com