【摘要】：本文選取湖北省恩施州常見的葡萄科烏蘞莓屬三種植物(烏蘞莓、三葉烏蘞莓、華中烏蘞莓)為試驗(yàn)材料,對(duì)其有效成分進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)研究,主要結(jié)論如下:1.三種烏蘞莓中黃酮含量最高,為主要有效成分,主要存在于葉片中;考慮生物量和有效成分含量,華中烏蘞莓為試驗(yàn)所討論的三種烏蘞莓中最具開發(fā)意義的物種,黃酮為其最有開發(fā)意義的活性成分。2.對(duì)華中烏蘞莓醇提物進(jìn)行成分分析,主要成分為:綠原酸、蘆丁和槲皮素,蘆丁占總醇提物百分比為40.41%,綠原酸為17.23%,槲皮素為7.14%,其中綠原酸在烏蘞莓屬植物中首次發(fā)現(xiàn),本文首次對(duì)華中烏蘞莓乙醇提取物進(jìn)行了成分分析,蘆丁為華中烏蘞莓主要黃酮類物質(zhì)。3.經(jīng)過單因素與正交試驗(yàn)優(yōu)化,華中烏蘞莓黃酮最佳提取工藝為:料液比1:40,提取時(shí)間100 min,提取溫度80℃,微波輔助時(shí)間3.0 min,在得出的最佳工藝條件下黃酮得率為131.93 mg/g。其中提取溫度對(duì)黃酮得率影響最大,微波輔助時(shí)間對(duì)黃酮得率影響次之,料液比和提取時(shí)間對(duì)黃酮得率影響不顯著。華中烏蘞莓黃酮的含量在全年中,6～10月含量較高,1～5月含量較低。4.華中烏蘞莓黃酮粗純物能顯著增強(qiáng)大鼠的抗氧化能力:短時(shí)間連續(xù)灌胃試驗(yàn)中,在0～150 mg/kg劑量范圍內(nèi)藥量與藥效呈現(xiàn)正相關(guān)趨勢(shì),隨著劑量的增加,抗氧化效果越強(qiáng),但達(dá)到150mg/kg后,隨著劑量增加藥效反而下降,短時(shí)間連續(xù)服用華中烏蘞莓黃酮時(shí)應(yīng)注意劑量不能超過150 mg/kg;長(zhǎng)期灌胃試驗(yàn)中在試驗(yàn)范圍內(nèi),華中烏蘞莓黃酮粗純物隨著劑量的增加對(duì)大鼠有很好的抗氧化效果且藥量與藥效呈現(xiàn)正相關(guān)趨勢(shì),在一定的濃度上優(yōu)于陽性對(duì)照VC。長(zhǎng)期灌胃試驗(yàn)中,在試驗(yàn)范圍內(nèi),低劑量和中劑量的華中烏蘞莓黃酮粗純物對(duì)大鼠的抗疲勞有增效作用,高劑量組對(duì)其抗疲勞效果有顯著性下降作用。
[Abstract]:In this paper, three plants of the genus Ampelopsis (Ampelopsis japonica, Ampelopsis japonica), which are common in Enshi Prefecture, Hubei Province, were selected as experimental materials, and their effective components were studied. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. The flavonoids content of the three kinds of Ampelopsis japonica is the highest, which is the main active component, and mainly exists in the leaves, considering the biomass and the content of the active components, the most exploitative species of the three kinds of Ampelopsis japonica discussed in the experiment is the Ampelopsis japonica. Flavonoids are the most important active components. The main components were Lv Yuan acid, rutin and quercetin. The percentage of rutin to total alcohol extract was 40.41. The ratio of Lv Yuan acid to total alcohol extract was 17.23, and quercetin was 7.14. Among them, Lv Yuan acid was found for the first time in the plants of the genus Ampelopsis, and the main components were: Lv Yuan acid, rutin and quercetin, the percentage of rutin to the total alcohol extract was 40.41. In this paper, the components of ethanol extracts from Ampelopsis japonica were analyzed for the first time. Rutin is the main flavonoids of Ampelopsis japonica. By single factor and orthogonal experiment, the optimum extraction technology of flavonoids from Ampelopsis japonica was as follows: ratio of material to liquid 1: 40, extraction time 100 min, extraction temperature 80 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2260501