發(fā)布時間：2018-05-07 19:51

  本文選題：三葉木通 + 化學成分�。� 參考：《陜西科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：三葉木通Akebia trifoliate(Thunb.)Koidz為木通科木通屬藤本植物,是2015版《中國藥典》收載品種木通的基源植物之一,干燥藤莖入藥,具有利尿通淋、通經(jīng)下乳、清心除煩、抗氧化防衰老等功效。臨床上以其良好的利尿作用,廣泛的用于治療淋癥、心煩尿赤、水腫、濕熱痹痛等。然而其發(fā)揮利尿作用的活性部位及成分尚不明確。本課題以天然產(chǎn)物化學結(jié)合藥理實驗的方法,擬尋找三葉木通的利尿活性部位及成分,同時對其抗氧化成分進行了研究。三葉木通藥材粗粉(4.9 kg),以95%乙醇常溫浸提6次,每次浸泡48小時,合并提取液,減壓濃縮得到提取物浸膏280.6 g。將浸膏懸浮于水中依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇進行萃取,減壓回收溶劑。得到石油醚萃取物36.8 g(13.1%),乙酸乙酯萃取物29.7 g(10.6%),正丁醇萃取物137.7 g(49.1%),以及剩余水溶性部分70.6 g(25.2%)。采用大鼠代謝籠法對三葉木通藤莖提取物的石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取物和剩余水溶性部分的利尿活性進行測試。采用硅膠柱色譜及凝膠柱色譜等方法,對利尿作用顯著的正丁醇部位(P0.01)進行分離純化,共得到8個化合物。通過NMR、HRMS等方法,結(jié)合文獻數(shù)據(jù)鑒定化合物結(jié)構(gòu),分別為常春藤皂苷元(1)、丁香酸-4-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖苷(2)、β-谷甾醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(3)、香草酸葡萄糖苷(4)、丁香酸葡萄糖苷(5)、甘露醇(6)、常春藤皂苷元-3-O-α-L-阿拉伯吡喃糖苷(7)、肌醇(8)。其中化合物2、4、5為首次從木通屬植物中分離得到。實驗進一步對所分離得到的各化合物進行利尿活性測試,結(jié)果表明:與生理鹽水對照組相比,甘露醇(P0.05)、常春藤皂苷元-3-O-α-L-阿拉伯吡喃糖苷(P0.05)及常春藤皂苷元(P0.05)的利尿活性顯著。采用DPPH自由基清除法,首次對三葉木通乙醇提取物的石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取物以及水溶性部分進行抗氧化活性篩選。采用多種色譜技術(shù),對抗氧化活性較強的乙酸乙酯萃取物進行化合物分離,共得到9個化合物。根據(jù)各化合物的理化性質(zhì)及核磁數(shù)據(jù)等解析其結(jié)構(gòu),分別為β-谷甾醇(9)、香草酸(10)、6,7,10-三羥基-8-十八烯酸(11)、齊墩果酸(12)、2,6-二甲氧基~(-1),4-苯醌(13)、三十四烷(14)、秦皮乙素(15)、咖啡酸(16)、木通苯乙醇苷B(17)。其中化合物10、13、14為首次從木通屬植物中分離得到。對各化合物的抗氧化活性進行測定,結(jié)果表明:咖啡酸(IC50=14.939μg.mL~(-1))和秦皮乙素(IC50=15.631μg.mL~(-1))對DPPH自由基的清除能力較強,與陽性對照抗壞血酸(IC50=17.269μg.mL~(-1))相當,是三葉木通具有抗氧化作用的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Akebia trifoliata (Akebia trifoliate(Thunb.)Koidz) is one of the basic plants in the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, which belongs to Liana. The dried vine stems are used in medicine, which have the functions of diuretic entrainment, menstrual circulation, antioxidation, anti-aging and so on. Clinical with its good diuretic effect, widely used in the treatment of leprosy, irritation, edema, damp-heat arthralgia and so on. However, the active sites and components of diuretic action are unclear. The aim of this study was to find out the diuretic active parts and components of Akebia trifoliata by chemical and pharmacological experiments of natural products, and to study the antioxidant components of Akebia trifoliata. The crude powder of Akebia trifoliata was extracted with 95% ethanol at room temperature for 6 times, each time for 48 hours, then the extract was combined with the extract, and the extract was extracted by decompression and concentration, and the extract was 280.6 g. The extract was extracted by petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol, and the solvent was recovered by decompression. The petroleum ether extract (36.8 g / L), ethyl acetate extract (29.7 g / L), butanol extract (137.7 g / L) and residual water-soluble fraction (70.6 g / L) were obtained. The diuretic activities of petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol extract and residual water-soluble fraction of the extracts from the stems of Akebia trifoliata were determined by the metabolic cage method in rats. Eight compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and gel column chromatography. The structures of the compounds were identified by means of NMR-HRMS and literature data. They are Ivy saponins (1), eugenic acid (-4-O- 偽 -L- rhamopyranoside), 尾 -sitosterol -3-O- 尾 -D- glucoside (3-O- 尾 -glucoside), glucocorticoside (4), riboside (5), mannitol (6), ivy saponins (3-O- 偽 -L-arabinopyranoside) (7N), inositol (8m). Among them, compound 2o 4N 5 was isolated from Akebia for the first time. The diuretic activity of the isolated compounds was further tested. The results showed that the diuretic activities of mannitol P0.05, ivy saponin -3-O- 偽 -L-arabyranoside (P0.05) and Ivy saponin (P0.05) were significant compared with the control group. The antioxidant activity of petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol extract and water-soluble part of ethanol extract of Akebia trifoliata was screened by DPPH radical scavenging method for the first time. Nine compounds were isolated from ethyl acetate extract with strong antioxidant activity by various chromatographic techniques. According to the physicochemical properties and nuclear magnetic data of the compounds, The results were as follows: 尾 -sitosterol (9), vanillic acid (10), trihydroxy-8-octadecanoic acid (11), oleanolic acid (Oleanolic acid) (12), dimethoxy (6-dimethoxy) -4-benzoquinone (13), 34 alkane (14), palmatine 1515, caffeic acid (16), xylotene ethanoside (B _ (17). Compound 10C 13N 14 was isolated from Akebia for the first time. The antioxidant activity of each compound was determined. The results showed that the scavenging ability of caffeic acid IC50 (14.939 渭 g 路mL 路L ~ (-1) and cinnamonine (IC50 ~ (15. 631) 渭 g 路mL ~ (-1) on DPPH free radical was stronger than that of the positive control group (IC5050 ~ (17.269 渭 g 路mL ~ (-1), which was the material basis of antioxidation of Akebia trifoliata.
【學位授予單位】：陜西科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R284.1

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