發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-09 14:50

  本文選題：企業(yè)集群　切入點(diǎn)：合作困境　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化和經(jīng)濟(jì)地方化是當(dāng)今世界經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的兩大趨勢,兩者看似矛盾,實(shí)則不然。經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化促進(jìn)了資源和生產(chǎn)要素在全球的優(yōu)化配置,具備吸引力的地區(qū)在聚集優(yōu)勢資源和引入關(guān)聯(lián)企業(yè)后形成新的增長極,此時(shí)本地市場或國內(nèi)市場已經(jīng)不能滿足產(chǎn)品供應(yīng),促生了集聚企業(yè)進(jìn)入全球市場的動(dòng)力。正是這種良性循環(huán)發(fā)展形成了當(dāng)今世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的兩大特征。相關(guān)企業(yè)及相關(guān)的支撐機(jī)構(gòu)(如金融、保險(xiǎn)、科研院)聚集在一定區(qū)域形成了企業(yè)集群,進(jìn)而形成了世界經(jīng)濟(jì)版圖上色彩斑斕的塊狀“經(jīng)濟(jì)馬賽克”,絕大多數(shù)世界財(cái)富都是在這些區(qū)域內(nèi)被創(chuàng)造出來,它已成為當(dāng)代經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中的普遍現(xiàn)象,發(fā)達(dá)國家（地區(qū)）和發(fā)展中國家都隨處可見,如美國硅谷電子產(chǎn)業(yè),德國慕尼黑汽車業(yè),法國巴黎的時(shí)裝業(yè),中國北京中關(guān)村的信息產(chǎn)業(yè),臺(tái)灣新竹的半導(dǎo)體,浙江柳市的低壓電器,嵊州的領(lǐng)帶業(yè)等。企業(yè)集群有利于促進(jìn)企業(yè)的創(chuàng)新,提高產(chǎn)業(yè)的整體競爭能力,提升區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)的競爭力。合作是人類文明的基石,對人類社會(huì)至關(guān)重要,地理鄰近、共享的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、發(fā)達(dá)的分工以及專業(yè)化的勞動(dòng)力市場等集群特質(zhì)減少了集群內(nèi)企業(yè)合作的成本,企業(yè)合作中能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)資源和信息共享,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)共擔(dān)。然而由于信息不對稱、個(gè)體利益與整體利益沖突、產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈不完善、根植性過強(qiáng)、開放程度不高等障礙可能導(dǎo)致集群企業(yè)合作過程中道德風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、搭便車、規(guī)模不經(jīng)濟(jì)、技術(shù)鎖定等合作困境的出現(xiàn)。本文主要研究的便是分析集群企業(yè)合作困境的成因并探尋其內(nèi)在機(jī)理,針對合作困境,提出增強(qiáng)集群企業(yè)合作的方式與途徑,給出企業(yè)集群協(xié)作系統(tǒng)構(gòu)建過程中的政府與市場行為,主要研究內(nèi)容如下:首先,在梳理企業(yè)集群理論及集群企業(yè)合作相關(guān)理論的基礎(chǔ)上,闡述了集群企業(yè)合作特性及合作演化機(jī)制;緊接著對集群企業(yè)的合作困境的成因進(jìn)行了分析,并通過構(gòu)建具溢出效應(yīng)的雙寡頭企業(yè)產(chǎn)量競爭博弈模型,運(yùn)用系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)方法及博弈理論,結(jié)合MATLAB軟件,探尋了合作中過度的知識(shí)技術(shù)溢出、信息不對稱、政府或行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)的不作為以及社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)根植性之于合作困境形成的內(nèi)在機(jī)理。其次,面對合作困境,從行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)治理、基于間接互惠的聲譽(yù)傳遞、政府規(guī)制以及多元經(jīng)濟(jì)補(bǔ)給四個(gè)方面給出了集群企業(yè)合作困境的解決途徑,突出了有成本的懲罰治理、無成本的聲譽(yù)機(jī)制以及多元經(jīng)濟(jì)在治理集群企業(yè)合作困境的重要性。隨后,從推進(jìn)專業(yè)化分工結(jié)構(gòu)、調(diào)整差異化產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)、構(gòu)建低成本服務(wù)體系、重構(gòu)多贏格局的價(jià)值鏈、優(yōu)化一體化資源配置及擴(kuò)張規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)的價(jià)值網(wǎng)絡(luò)六個(gè)方面增強(qiáng)集群企業(yè)合作,提高集群企業(yè)合作方式集聚化程度。并通過建模和數(shù)值模擬得出,生產(chǎn)差異化產(chǎn)品的集群雙寡頭企業(yè)合作中,集群溢出越高,越有利于產(chǎn)品市場價(jià)格的穩(wěn)定和企業(yè)利潤的提高。此外,論文還在給出企業(yè)集群合作困境的治理機(jī)制的同時(shí),從空間布局、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、政府統(tǒng)籌、信息平臺(tái)、試點(diǎn)示范等方面提出了相應(yīng)的增強(qiáng)集群企業(yè)合作的相關(guān)建議和措施。
[Abstract]:The economic globalization and localization are the two major trends of economic development in the world, the two seemingly contradictory, actually otherwise. Economic globalization has promoted the optimization of allocation of resources and factors of production in the world, attractive area of new growth pole is formed in the advantage of resource gathering and the introduction of related enterprises, the local market or the domestic market has not meet the product supply, prokinetic students agglomeration of enterprises to enter the global market. It is this kind of virtuous cycle of development has formed two major features of the world economy. The relevant enterprises and related supporting institutions (such as finance, insurance, scientific research institute) together to form clusters in a certain region, and has formed a colorful world economic map the massive "economic mosaic", most of the world's wealth has been created in these areas, it has become common in contemporary economic development The phenomenon of developed countries and developing countries (regions) can be seen everywhere, such as the United States Silicon Valley electronic industry, the German auto industry in Munich, France Paris Beijing Zhongguancun Chinese fashion industry, information industry, semiconductor Taiwan Hsinchu, Zhejiang Liushi Shengzhou low voltage electric appliance, the tie industry. The enterprise cluster is conducive to the promotion of enterprise innovation, improve the overall competitiveness of the industry, enhance the competitiveness of the regional economy. Cooperation is the cornerstone of human civilization, is essential to human society, geographic proximity, sharing of infrastructure, developed and specialized division of labor market cluster enterprise cluster cooperation characteristics to reduce the cost, enterprises can realize the sharing of resources and information. Risk sharing. However, because of the information asymmetry, the individual interests and the overall interests of the conflict, the industry chain is not perfect, is too strong, the opening degree is not high obstacle Lead to moral hazard, the process of cooperation of cluster enterprises in hitchhiking, scale economy, technological lock-in dilemma of cooperation. This paper mainly focuses on the analysis of the causes of cluster enterprise cooperation predicament and explore its mechanism, aiming at the predicament of cooperation, and put forward ways to strengthen the cluster enterprise cooperation, the government and market behavior in the process of builds enterprise cluster collaboration system, the main research contents are as follows: firstly, in combing the theory of cluster and cluster enterprise cooperation based on the related theories, expounds the characteristics of cooperation and cooperation of enterprise cluster evolution mechanism; then causes cooperation predicament of enterprises in the cluster are analyzed, and through the construction of yield duopoly competition game model with spillover effects, using the method of system dynamics and game theory, combined with MATLAB software, to explore the knowledge and technology spillovers over cooperation, information The asymmetry of the government or industry associations are not as well as the internal mechanism of social network based on cooperative dilemma formation. Secondly, facing the predicament of cooperation, governance from the industry association, reputation based on indirect reciprocity, government regulation and multiple economic supplies four aspects to the way to solve the dilemma of enterprise cluster, highlight the the punishment cost of governance, the importance of cost free reputation mechanism and multiple economic cooperation in the enterprise cluster governance dilemma. Then, from the promotion of specialization structure, adjust the difference of product structure, construction of low cost service system, value chain reconstruction win-win situation, optimize the allocation of resources and the integration of the six aspects of the expansion of the scale of economic value network to enhance the cluster cooperation, improve cooperation enterprise cluster agglomeration degree. And through modeling and numerical simulation show that the production of differentiated products cluster Duopoly enterprises cooperation, cluster spillover is higher, more conducive to the market price of the product is stable and enterprise profit increase. In addition, the paper also gives the enterprise cluster governance mechanism of cooperation dilemma at the same time, from the space layout, infrastructure, government co-ordination, information platform, pilot demonstration and put forward relevant suggestions to enhance enterprise clusters cooperation and corresponding measures.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F272

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