本文選題：國際投資　切入點：國際規(guī)則　出處：《中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：2008年糧食危機(jī)之后掀起的跨國農(nóng)業(yè)投資熱潮給全球糧食安全、減貧及農(nóng)村發(fā)展等領(lǐng)域帶來了復(fù)雜的經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治和倫理道德影響。在發(fā)達(dá)國家和民間團(tuán)體的推動下,國際社會加快制定農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域的國際規(guī)則來約束和管理農(nóng)業(yè)國際投資行為。中國目前正處于對外投資加速發(fā)展階段,對國際投資規(guī)則的體系和機(jī)理不熟悉,相關(guān)規(guī)則制定過程中缺乏足夠的中國聲音,導(dǎo)致中國企業(yè)在國外開展農(nóng)業(yè)投資遭遇更多更復(fù)雜的阻力,既面臨經(jīng)濟(jì)和法律風(fēng)險,也承受負(fù)面的社會輿論和道德壓力。深入分析國際農(nóng)業(yè)投資規(guī)則的價值取向、法理依據(jù)和技術(shù)體系,積極主動參與國際農(nóng)業(yè)投資規(guī)則的談判磋商進(jìn)程,妥善維護(hù)中國發(fā)展空間和環(huán)境,對促進(jìn)中國現(xiàn)階段和未來更好地開展對外農(nóng)業(yè)投資具有非常重要的理論和現(xiàn)實意義。在此背景下,本研究以國際農(nóng)業(yè)投資規(guī)則演進(jìn)及其應(yīng)對策略為研究對象,綜合運用國際政治學(xué)、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、國際法學(xué)等多學(xué)科的研究方法,以對外直接投資、國家利益等理論為基礎(chǔ),引入雙層博弈、Logistic等模型方法,解析了國際農(nóng)業(yè)投資規(guī)則的構(gòu)成體系及其發(fā)展趨勢,探討了國際農(nóng)業(yè)投資規(guī)則的磋商與談判過程,繼而在分析中國對外農(nóng)業(yè)投資特征與投資意愿、中國農(nóng)業(yè)國際投資環(huán)境與規(guī)則困境的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了中國參與國際農(nóng)業(yè)投資規(guī)則制定的具體策略與途徑。本文深入研究了國際農(nóng)業(yè)投資規(guī)則體系構(gòu)成、利益博弈與中國應(yīng)對策略,是對中國外交由問題導(dǎo)向向話語權(quán)導(dǎo)向的直接響應(yīng),也是對既有研究側(cè)重關(guān)注農(nóng)業(yè)“走出去”的一種發(fā)展,同時還可為發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)對外直接投資理論提供參考。主要研究內(nèi)容與結(jié)論如下:(1)解析了國際農(nóng)業(yè)投資規(guī)則的構(gòu)成體系及其演變趨勢。研究表明,國際農(nóng)業(yè)投資規(guī)則體系分為四個層面,包括構(gòu)成國際規(guī)則體系基礎(chǔ)的各國法律制度、雙邊涉農(nóng)投資條約和協(xié)定、區(qū)域?qū)用嫔孓r(nóng)國際投資法規(guī)、多邊涉農(nóng)投資國際規(guī)則。近年來發(fā)展中國家對農(nóng)業(yè)外部投資需求迫切,跨國投資引發(fā)全球農(nóng)業(yè)資源和市場利益重新分配,在發(fā)達(dá)國家的主導(dǎo)下,國際農(nóng)業(yè)投資規(guī)則日趨復(fù)雜和嚴(yán)格,呈現(xiàn)條款法制化、覆蓋全面化、投資自由化等趨勢,這些規(guī)則對農(nóng)業(yè)國際投資行為產(chǎn)生了十分直接和關(guān)鍵的影響。(2)以中美投資協(xié)定談判和多邊農(nóng)業(yè)投資規(guī)則談判進(jìn)程為例,探討了國際農(nóng)業(yè)投資規(guī)則的磋商與形成過程。研究表明,農(nóng)業(yè)投資國際規(guī)則通常遵循醞釀、授權(quán)、磋商、批準(zhǔn)、實施等一系列程序,爭取國家利益最大化是各方博弈的焦點,各方國內(nèi)及國外不同利益集團(tuán)的相互競爭與合作,通過多方參與的雙層博弈以實現(xiàn)更多收益。中國現(xiàn)已成為國際投資規(guī)則制定中不可或缺的利益相關(guān)方,中國在參與規(guī)則制定中的立場復(fù)雜,既需考慮吸引外資,同時又要考慮保護(hù)國內(nèi)農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)免受沖擊,維護(hù)基本經(jīng)營制度和農(nóng)業(yè)競爭力,還要積極爭取對外投資的利益和空間,尋求有利的國際投資環(huán)境。(3)分析了中國農(nóng)業(yè)對外投資特征、投資意愿與投資環(huán)境。研究表明,中國農(nóng)業(yè)對外投資發(fā)展迅速,全方位對外投資格局初步形成,但目前投資情況差異較大,行業(yè)發(fā)展參差不齊,對外農(nóng)業(yè)投資水平和效益仍需進(jìn)一步提升。對中國企業(yè)開展農(nóng)業(yè)國際投資意愿的影響因素分析表明,農(nóng)業(yè)企業(yè)、非央企類企業(yè)、成立時間較晚的企業(yè)等投資意愿較強(qiáng),而是否龍頭企業(yè)、企業(yè)注冊類型、企業(yè)規(guī)模、境外企業(yè)類別對投資意愿的影響不顯著。典型案例分析表明,能夠主動適應(yīng)國際規(guī)則的中國企業(yè)在外運營良好,而不少企業(yè)遭受較大的規(guī)則困境。(4)探討了中國參與農(nóng)業(yè)國際投資規(guī)則制定的利益目標(biāo)和實現(xiàn)途徑。為維護(hù)中國對外農(nóng)業(yè)投資利益和環(huán)境,中國政府應(yīng)當(dāng)更積極、更高效地參與相關(guān)國際農(nóng)業(yè)投資規(guī)則談判,特別是按照國際規(guī)則的制定和發(fā)展規(guī)律,靈活運用雙層博弈方法,努力擴(kuò)大與對方博弈的獲勝集合,在合理空間內(nèi)最大程度實現(xiàn)國家利益,并引導(dǎo)企業(yè)規(guī)范海外農(nóng)業(yè)投資經(jīng)營,加強(qiáng)對企業(yè)的投資指導(dǎo)和服務(wù)保障。通過對中國企業(yè)運用規(guī)則開展對外農(nóng)業(yè)投資的戰(zhàn)略分析,當(dāng)前國際投資約束加大、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提高,中國企業(yè)適應(yīng)國際規(guī)則開展投資能力較弱,總體上應(yīng)采取扭轉(zhuǎn)型策略,以扭轉(zhuǎn)劣勢、抓住機(jī)遇為基本出發(fā)點,加強(qiáng)優(yōu)勢、控制風(fēng)險,從而提升農(nóng)業(yè)對外投資水平。
[Abstract]:Set off after the 2008 food crisis, multinational agricultural investment boom to global food security, poverty reduction and rural development has brought a complex economic, political and moral influence. In the developed countries and non-governmental organizations, the international community to speed up the international rules in the field of agriculture and agricultural management to restrict international investment behavior China. Foreign investment is currently in the stage of accelerated development, the system and mechanism of the international investment rules are not familiar with the relevant rules in the process of making the lack of China sound enough, resulting in China enterprises in foreign investment in agriculture to carry out encounter more complex resistance, facing both economic and legal risk, also bear the negative public opinion of social and moral pressure value. The orientation of in-depth analysis of the international rules of agricultural investment, legal basis and technical system, and actively participate in international negotiations into the rules of agricultural investment The process, to properly maintain China development space and environment, to promote has very important theoretical and practical significance Chinese at this stage and in the future to better carry out foreign investment in agriculture. Under this background, based on the evolution of agricultural international investment rules and strategies as the research object, the integrated use of international politics, economics, international law and other research methods many subjects, with foreign direct investment, the national interests theory, introducing double game, Logistic model method, a system of international agricultural investment rules analysis and its development trend, discusses the process of consultations and negotiations of international rules of agricultural investment, and in the analysis of China foreign agricultural investment characteristics and investment intentions, based China agricultural investment environment and international rules on the difficulties, and puts forward some concrete strategies and ways of Chinese to participate in the international rules of agricultural investment. This paper make deep The research of system of international agricultural investment rules, the interests of the game and strategy is China response, direct response to China diplomatic problem oriented to right oriented, but also on the existing research focus on the development of an agricultural "going out", but also can provide a reference for the development of agricultural foreign direct investment theory. The main research the contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) a system of international agricultural investment rules analysis and its evolvement. The research results show that the system of international agricultural investment rules are divided into four levels, including the country's legal system constitute the basis for the international system of rules, bilateral investment treaties and agreements related to agriculture, agricultural regional level international investment law, international multilateral rules agricultural investment in developing countries in recent years. The agricultural external investment demand urgent, transnational investment triggered a global agricultural resources and market interest redistribution in developed countries Under the leadership of the international rules of agricultural investment is becoming more and more complicated and strict, showing the terms of legal system, comprehensive coverage, investment liberalization trend, the impact of these rules is very direct and key of agricultural international investment behavior. (2) to the Sino US negotiations on investment agreements and multilateral investment rules of agricultural negotiation process as an example, discusses the the international rules of agricultural investment consultation and formation process. The study shows that the international rules of agricultural investment usually follow the brewing, authorization, consultation and approval, the implementation of a series of procedures, and strive to maximize the national interest is the focus of the game, mutual competition and cooperation between the parties to the domestic and foreign various interest groups, through participating in double game to achieve more revenue. China has now become an international investment rulemaking indispensable stakeholders, China position in participate in rule making in complex, not only need to consider to attract Foreign investment, while also considering the protection of domestic agricultural industry from the impact of basic management system and maintain the competitiveness of agriculture, but also to actively seek foreign investment and the interests of space, seeking a favorable international environment for investment. (3) analyzed the characteristics of Chinese agricultural foreign investment, investment environment and investment intention. The study shows that the Chinese agricultural foreign investment develops quickly the full range of foreign investment, initially formed, but the investment is different, the industry development is uneven, the level and efficiency of foreign investment in agriculture needs further improvement. Factors affecting agricultural international investment willingness on China enterprise analysis shows that the non agricultural enterprises, the central enterprises enterprises, will set up late enterprise investment is strong. But whether the leading enterprises, registered enterprise type, enterprise scale, enterprise category on the impact of foreign investment will not significant. The typical case analysis shows that, To adapt to the international rules of the Chinese enterprises in the operational good, and many enterprises suffer greater difficulties. (Rule 4) and Realization of the Chinese in agricultural international investment rules. In order to safeguard the interests Chinese way of foreign agricultural investment interests and the environment, Chinese government should be more active, more efficient participation in international agriculture negotiations on investment rules, especially in accordance with the formulation and development of international law rules, flexible use of two-level game methods, efforts to expand the set and win each other game in a reasonable space, maximizing the interests of the state, and guide the agricultural investment overseas business norms, to strengthen corporate investment guidance and service guarantee. Based on the Chinese enterprise use rules to carry out foreign agricultural investment strategy analysis, the current international investment constraints increase, improve the standard, Chinese enterprises adapt to the international rules to carry out investment In general, we should take the reverse strategy to overcome the disadvantages and seize opportunities as the basic starting point, strengthen the advantages and control risks, so as to raise the level of foreign investment in agriculture.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F323;F125
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本文編號：1621388