太陽(yáng)能光電解水陰極材料的可控制備及其機(jī)理研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-10 13:55
【摘要】：在能源危機(jī)日益嚴(yán)重的當(dāng)今社會(huì),太陽(yáng)能作為清潔的可持續(xù)能源而備受關(guān)注。目前太陽(yáng)能電池是利用太陽(yáng)能最廣泛的方式之一,但是由于所產(chǎn)生的電能難以儲(chǔ)存,將太陽(yáng)能直接轉(zhuǎn)化成可儲(chǔ)存的化學(xué)能日益成為更受關(guān)注的替代方案,而利用太陽(yáng)光和電的聯(lián)合作用分解水制氫制氧就是方法之一。為了提高太陽(yáng)能轉(zhuǎn)化效率,我們迫切需要高吸收系數(shù)、高載體遷移率及可調(diào)禁帶寬度的光陰極材料。基于此,本文通過(guò)不同的合成方法和改性技術(shù),合成可通過(guò)可見(jiàn)光電分解水制氫的,高吸收系數(shù)、高載體遷移率及可調(diào)禁帶寬度的光陰極材料。并對(duì)其光分解水制氫性能及微觀結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行研究分析。本文進(jìn)行了以下三方面的研究。一、利用溶液法成功制備高質(zhì)量、規(guī)整形貌的黃銅礦(CuIn_xGa_(1-x)S_2)晶體�；趯�(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果和分析,對(duì)黃銅礦晶體在中性pH值環(huán)境下的結(jié)構(gòu)和形貌等進(jìn)行了表征研究。二、CdS/CuIn_xGa_(1-x)S_2表面負(fù)載能帶匹配的S摻雜C_3N_4(C_3N_(4-x)S_(3x/2))使得光電化學(xué)分解水過(guò)程中,電荷傳輸和光捕獲能力大大提高。C_3N_(4-x)S_(3x/2)/CdS/CIGS電極在光譜范圍400—700nm時(shí)光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率超過(guò)40%,相比CIGS提高了近四倍。同時(shí)在恒定電流密度測(cè)試下的產(chǎn)氫法拉第效應(yīng)可達(dá)到96%。C_3N_(4-x)S_(3x/2)也作為保護(hù)層阻隔了電解質(zhì)溶液與本體材料的接觸,C_3N_(4-x)S_(3x/2)/CdS/CIGS電極在穩(wěn)定性測(cè)試超過(guò)20h后表現(xiàn)=5%的衰減,超過(guò)了以往文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道的CdS/CIGS光電陰極的穩(wěn)定性。文章中探究了C_3N_(4-x)S_(3x/2)/CdS/CIGS的構(gòu)效關(guān)系,并為如何進(jìn)一步設(shè)計(jì)用于太陽(yáng)能燃料設(shè)備,探索高效的光電陽(yáng)極和光電陰極材料提供思路。三、通過(guò)電沉積方法得到的Au/Pd/CIGS電極在未負(fù)載催化劑的條件下,在中性測(cè)試溶液中的光電流達(dá)到-4mA/cm2(-0.3V電壓下相對(duì)于可逆氫電極),是裸露的CIGS電極相同測(cè)試條件下的近三倍。
[Abstract]:Solar energy, as a clean and sustainable energy, has attracted more and more attention in the society where the energy crisis is becoming more and more serious. Solar cells are currently one of the most widely used forms of solar energy, but because the electricity generated is difficult to store, converting solar energy directly into stored chemical energy is increasingly becoming a more focused alternative. One of the methods is to decompose water to produce hydrogen and oxygen by the combined action of solar light and electricity. In order to improve the conversion efficiency of solar energy, we urgently need photocathode materials with high absorption coefficient, high carrier mobility and adjustable bandgap. Based on this, the photocathode materials with high absorption coefficient, high carrier mobility and adjustable band gap can be synthesized by different synthesis methods and modification techniques. The properties and microstructure of photodissociation of water for hydrogen production were studied and analyzed. This article has carried on the following three aspects research. Firstly, CuIn_xGa_ (1-x) S _ 2 crystals with high quality and regular morphology were successfully prepared by solution method. Based on the experimental results and analysis, the structure and morphology of chalcopyrite crystals at neutral pH values were investigated. Second, CdS/CuIn_xGa_ (1-x) S _ 2 surface load band matching S-doped C_3N_4 (C _ 3N _ (4-x) S _ (3x/2) causes photochemical decomposition of water, The C _ 3N _ (4-x) S _ (3x/2) / CdS/CIGS electrode is more than 40 times more efficient than the CIGS electrode in the spectrum range 400-700nm, which is nearly four times higher than that of the CIGS. At the same time, the Faraday effect of hydrogen production under constant current density test can reach 96.C3N4-x S3x/2, which also acts as a protective layer to block the contact between electrolyte solution and bulk material. The C _ 3N _ (4-x) S _ (3x/2) / CdS/CIGS electrode exhibits a attenuation of 5% after the stability test for more than 20 hours, which is higher than the stability of the CdS/CIGS photocathode reported in previous literature. In this paper, the structure-activity relationship of C _ 3N _ (4-x) S _ (3x/2) / CdS/CIGS is explored, and some ideas are provided for the further design of solar fuel equipment and the exploration of efficient photoanode and photocathode materials. Third, the photocurrent of the Au/Pd/CIGS electrode obtained by electrodeposition under the condition of unsupported catalyst is-4mA/cm2 (-0.3V voltage relative to the reversible hydrogen electrode) in neutral test solution. Nearly three times as much as the bare CIGS electrode under the same test conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：O643.36;O646.54
本文編號(hào)：2322648
[Abstract]:Solar energy, as a clean and sustainable energy, has attracted more and more attention in the society where the energy crisis is becoming more and more serious. Solar cells are currently one of the most widely used forms of solar energy, but because the electricity generated is difficult to store, converting solar energy directly into stored chemical energy is increasingly becoming a more focused alternative. One of the methods is to decompose water to produce hydrogen and oxygen by the combined action of solar light and electricity. In order to improve the conversion efficiency of solar energy, we urgently need photocathode materials with high absorption coefficient, high carrier mobility and adjustable bandgap. Based on this, the photocathode materials with high absorption coefficient, high carrier mobility and adjustable band gap can be synthesized by different synthesis methods and modification techniques. The properties and microstructure of photodissociation of water for hydrogen production were studied and analyzed. This article has carried on the following three aspects research. Firstly, CuIn_xGa_ (1-x) S _ 2 crystals with high quality and regular morphology were successfully prepared by solution method. Based on the experimental results and analysis, the structure and morphology of chalcopyrite crystals at neutral pH values were investigated. Second, CdS/CuIn_xGa_ (1-x) S _ 2 surface load band matching S-doped C_3N_4 (C _ 3N _ (4-x) S _ (3x/2) causes photochemical decomposition of water, The C _ 3N _ (4-x) S _ (3x/2) / CdS/CIGS electrode is more than 40 times more efficient than the CIGS electrode in the spectrum range 400-700nm, which is nearly four times higher than that of the CIGS. At the same time, the Faraday effect of hydrogen production under constant current density test can reach 96.C3N4-x S3x/2, which also acts as a protective layer to block the contact between electrolyte solution and bulk material. The C _ 3N _ (4-x) S _ (3x/2) / CdS/CIGS electrode exhibits a attenuation of 5% after the stability test for more than 20 hours, which is higher than the stability of the CdS/CIGS photocathode reported in previous literature. In this paper, the structure-activity relationship of C _ 3N _ (4-x) S _ (3x/2) / CdS/CIGS is explored, and some ideas are provided for the further design of solar fuel equipment and the exploration of efficient photoanode and photocathode materials. Third, the photocurrent of the Au/Pd/CIGS electrode obtained by electrodeposition under the condition of unsupported catalyst is-4mA/cm2 (-0.3V voltage relative to the reversible hydrogen electrode) in neutral test solution. Nearly three times as much as the bare CIGS electrode under the same test conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：O643.36;O646.54
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 陳剛;高尚鵬;;Structure and electronic structure of S-doped graphitic C_3N_4 investigated by density functional theory[J];Chinese Physics B;2012年10期
，本文編號(hào)：2322648
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