豆豉發(fā)酵新技術研究及新產(chǎn)品開發(fā)
發(fā)布時間:2018-08-26 20:22
【摘要】:豆豉是我國傳統(tǒng)的發(fā)酵食品,歷史悠久。由于傳統(tǒng)豆豉生產(chǎn)主要是在自然條件下發(fā)酵而成的,同時因季節(jié)溫度的變化,不能常年生產(chǎn),因此嚴重影響了生產(chǎn)規(guī)模,制約了行業(yè)的發(fā)展。故本課題研究豆豉的制作工藝,旨在縮短豆豉制作周期,降低生產(chǎn)成本,實現(xiàn)規(guī);,同時為了滿足市場需求和發(fā)展,開發(fā)相關產(chǎn)品。主要研究結果如下:1.通過單因素實驗研究了不同條件對大豆浸泡,制曲的影響,結果表明:大豆浸泡的條件為料水比=1:2(m:V),浸泡溫度45℃,浸泡時間3h,在此條件下,大豆吸水率達到100.5%;曲霉型豆豉制曲條件為每1kg黃豆接種菌粉15 g,米曲霉:黑曲霉的用量比=4:1,溫度30℃,相對濕度75%,制曲48h,最終蛋白酶活力可以達到1033 U/g。2.通過單因素實驗考查了發(fā)酵溫度、相對濕度、加水量、加鹽量、發(fā)酵時間對豆豉發(fā)酵產(chǎn)氨基態(tài)氮的影響,得到以下結論:得到的發(fā)酵條件為溫度45 ℃、相對濕度65%、每1kg豆豉曲加入500mL無菌水和50g食鹽,發(fā)酵11天后氨基態(tài)氮含量達到2.1 g/100g。傳統(tǒng)工藝生產(chǎn)豆豉需要一個月甚至更長,該工藝條件能夠縮短豆豉生產(chǎn)周期,降低成本,對豆豉生產(chǎn)規(guī);哂兄匾饬x。3.豆豉制做過程中,總酸含量在制曲完成后達到最低,隨著發(fā)酵天數(shù)的增加,總酸含量逐漸增加,在發(fā)酵15天時達到最大值3.0g/100g,后期發(fā)酵過程未帶來總酸含量明顯的改變;氨基態(tài)氮含量隨著發(fā)酵時間延長逐漸增加,在15天的時候達到2.1 g/100g,后期趨于穩(wěn)定,而豆豉中蛋白質含量相對于原料大豆有所減少,還原糖含量相對于原料大豆有所增加,而總糖有所減少;豆豉發(fā)酵過程中產(chǎn)生的褐變隨著發(fā)酵天數(shù)的增加而逐漸變深,要在一個月過后其褐變程度最深。4.添加乳酸菌發(fā)酵豆豉氨基態(tài)氮含量都高于對照組未添加乳酸菌發(fā)酵的豆豉,以發(fā)酵酸桿菌(LF)、植物乳桿菌(LP)、嗜酸乳桿菌(LA)效果明顯,其中發(fā)酵乳桿菌(LF)最為明顯,2.355 g/100g,而瑞士乳桿菌(LH)效果不佳;添加瑞士乳桿菌(LH)、植物乳桿菌(LP)發(fā)酵豆豉產(chǎn)γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)含量高于對照組未添加乳酸菌發(fā)酵的豆豉,其中LH最高,38.2mg/g,發(fā)酵酸桿菌(LF)發(fā)酵豆豉效果不明顯,嗜酸乳桿菌(LA)發(fā)酵豆豉甚至低于對照組;發(fā)酵乳桿菌(LF)豆豉共檢測出風味物質46種,植物乳桿菌(LP)共檢測出風味物質50種,瑞士乳桿菌(LH)共檢測出風味物質58種,嗜酸乳桿菌(LA)共檢測出風味物質49種,對照組未添加乳酸菌豆豉共檢測出風味物質60種。5.通過試驗研究,得到產(chǎn)品配方如下:五香豆豉:每1kg原豆豉,200 mL豆油,八角,桂皮各40 g,食鹽20 g,雞精10 g;香辣豆豉:每1kg原豆豉,200mL辣椒油,八角60 g,桂皮40 g,食鹽20 g,雞精20 g;麻辣豆豉:每1kg原豆豉,200 mL辣椒油,胡椒150 g,桂皮40 g,食鹽40 g,雞精20 g;酸辣豆豉:每1kg原豆豉,100mL辣椒油,食醋100mL,桂皮60g,食鹽40g,雞精20g。
[Abstract]:Black bean is a traditional fermented food in China with a long history. Because the traditional Douchi production is mainly fermented under natural conditions and can not be produced all year long due to the change of seasonal temperature, it seriously affects the scale of production and restricts the development of the industry. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to shorten the production cycle, reduce the production cost, realize scale, and develop related products in order to meet the market demand and development. The main results are as follows: 1. The effects of different conditions on soaking and koji making of soybean were studied by single factor experiment. The results showed that the soaking conditions were as follows: the ratio of material to water was 1: 2 (m: v), the soaking temperature was 45 鈩,
本文編號:2206051
[Abstract]:Black bean is a traditional fermented food in China with a long history. Because the traditional Douchi production is mainly fermented under natural conditions and can not be produced all year long due to the change of seasonal temperature, it seriously affects the scale of production and restricts the development of the industry. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to shorten the production cycle, reduce the production cost, realize scale, and develop related products in order to meet the market demand and development. The main results are as follows: 1. The effects of different conditions on soaking and koji making of soybean were studied by single factor experiment. The results showed that the soaking conditions were as follows: the ratio of material to water was 1: 2 (m: v), the soaking temperature was 45 鈩,
本文編號:2206051
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