本文選題：改性α-磷酸鋯 + 納米材料　； 參考：《西南石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：低滲透油藏是我國石油資源的重要組成部分,是油田增儲上產(chǎn)的主要領(lǐng)域。目前,低滲透油藏的最主要開發(fā)方式是注水開發(fā),但由于低滲透油藏本身具有的低滲透率、孔喉半徑小與滲流阻力大等特點(diǎn),使得其在注水開發(fā)過程中普遍存在注水壓力高、注水量小等問題。活性納米材料在解決低滲透油藏注水過程中的高壓欠注問題方面已經(jīng)取得了一定的成果,具有效果優(yōu)異、施工工藝簡單、環(huán)境污染小的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。本文基于α-磷酸鋯納米材料,制備了兩種改性α-磷酸鋯(疏水性與雙親性)用于低滲透油藏注水開發(fā)過程中的降壓、增注,并對合成過程、理化性能以及降壓增注效果的影響因素進(jìn)行了研究。(1)選用回流法制備了 α-磷酸鋯(α-ZrP),并通過FT-IR、XRD、TGA、SEM、TEM等一系列的表征手段對α-ZrP進(jìn)行分析測試,證實(shí)成功合成了片層狀α-ZrP,單分散的α-ZrP顆粒粒徑為70 nm左右,屬于納米級別范疇。(2)選用十八烷基異氰酸酯對α-ZrP進(jìn)行表面的疏水改性,制得疏水改性產(chǎn)物α-ZrP-Ⅰ,并利用FT-IR、XRD、TGA等表征手段對改性產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行表征,確認(rèn)了十八烷基異氰酸酯成功接枝到α-ZrP晶體表面,且改性只是發(fā)生在α-ZrP的表面,沒有插入層間。在疏水改性α-ZrP的基礎(chǔ)上,將親水性四丁基氫氧化銨基團(tuán)插入到α-ZrP-Ⅰ層間,使其發(fā)生剝層反應(yīng),制得雙親性的α-ZrP即α-ZrP-Ⅱ。(3)利用動態(tài)光散射與環(huán)境掃描電鏡測試研究了納米顆粒的分散情況,α-ZrP-Ⅰ與α-ZrP-Ⅱ在低濃度時(shí)能夠均勻分散,平均粒徑均小于100nm,但隨濃度的增加,兩種納米顆粒均出現(xiàn)不同程度的團(tuán)聚現(xiàn)象。(4)α-ZrP-Ⅰ具有明顯的疏水性,能夠在巖心表面自發(fā)吸附形成納米吸附層,使?jié)櫇裥园l(fā)生反轉(zhuǎn),在200mg/L的濃度時(shí)可使巖心切片的接觸角達(dá)到115°。α-ZrP-Ⅱ能夠穩(wěn)定分散在水中,具有一定的表面活性,cmc為2500 mg/L。(5)通過室內(nèi)巖心流動實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了改性α-ZrP用于低滲透油藏注水開發(fā)的降壓增注的效果。結(jié)果表明α-ZrP-Ⅰ能夠起到降低注水壓力的效果,最佳質(zhì)量濃度為50 mg/L注入量為1～2 PV,吸附時(shí)間為24 h。在最佳的實(shí)驗(yàn)參數(shù)條件下,后續(xù)水驅(qū)壓力降低47.23%,水測滲透率為注入納米材料之前的1.89倍。α-ZrP-Ⅱ不能有效降低注水壓力,注入一定濃度的α-ZrP-Ⅱ,后續(xù)水驅(qū)壓力比前期注水略有升高,變化不明顯。改性α-ZrP的疏水程度對其降壓增注效果具有重要的影響。(6)對α-ZrP-Ⅰ的耐水流沖刷能力研究結(jié)果表明,在長時(shí)間的后續(xù)水驅(qū)過程中,巖心的水驅(qū)壓力變化幅度很小,在累計(jì)注水量達(dá)到200 PV時(shí)仍能夠保持在一個(gè)較為穩(wěn)定的水平,表明α-ZrP-Ⅰ具有良好的吸附性能,能夠有效地吸附在巖心孔道壁面上。
[Abstract]:Low permeability reservoir is an important part of petroleum resources in China and the main field of increasing oil storage and production. At present, the most important development method of low permeability reservoir is water injection development. However, because of its low permeability, small pore throat radius and large seepage resistance, the low permeability reservoir generally has high water injection pressure in the process of water injection development. Small injection rate and other problems. Active nanomaterials have made some achievements in solving the problem of high pressure underinjection in low permeability reservoir water injection process, which have the advantages of excellent effect, simple construction technology and low environmental pollution. In this paper, two kinds of modified 偽 -zirconium phosphate (hydrophobic and amphiphilic) were prepared based on 偽 -zirconium phosphate nanomaterials. The physical and chemical properties of 偽 -zirconium phosphate (偽 -ZrP) were prepared by reflux method, and the 偽 -ZrP was characterized by a series of characterization methods, such as FT-IRR, XRDX, TGA, SEMTEM, etc. It was proved that the lamellar 偽 -ZrP was successfully synthesized. The size of monodispersed 偽 -ZrP particles was about 70 nm, which belongs to the category of nanometer. (2) 偽 -ZrP- 鈪，

本文編號：2010401