本文選題：稻谷　切入點(diǎn)：總砷　出處：《哈爾濱商業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：文中研究分析了采自黑龍江省50個(gè)地區(qū)50份稻谷樣品,采樣的根據(jù)《國家糧食安全中長期規(guī)劃綱要(2008-2020)》和《黑龍江省千億斤糧食生產(chǎn)能力建設(shè)規(guī)劃》。本文以稻谷為研究對象,測定總砷及無機(jī)砷的殘留量,并分析了土壤和灌溉水對水稻中砷殘留量的影響。具體研究內(nèi)容如下:(1)檢測并分析黑龍江省50個(gè)地區(qū)的稻谷及其制品中總砷和無機(jī)砷含量發(fā)現(xiàn):稻谷、糙米、精米樣品中總砷含量范圍為0.214-0.467mg/kg、0.096-0.216mg/kg、0.021-0.078mg/kg。稻谷、糙米、精米樣品中無機(jī)砷含量范圍為0.198-0.439mg/kg、0.076-0.196mg/kg、0.017-0.064mg/kg。所有稻谷、糙米、精米樣品的總砷平均值含量為0.352mg/kg、0.128mg/kg、0.040mg/kg。所有稻谷、糙米、精米樣品的無機(jī)砷平均值含量為0.327mg/kg、0.112mg/kg、0.032mg/kg。通過計(jì)算可知稻谷經(jīng)礱谷后變成糙米總砷及無機(jī)砷的殘留量為35.5%、34.2%,糙米經(jīng)過碾米工序后變成精米總砷及無機(jī)砷的殘留量為31.2%、28.6%。水稻在從全粒到糙米到轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榫缀?砷濃度值都在減少,水稻籽粒不同加工精度砷含量之間的關(guān)系為稻谷糙米精米。(2)根據(jù)不同地區(qū)稻谷中砷的污染程度,分別檢測了該水稻生長環(huán)境中土壤和灌溉水的總砷的殘留量。結(jié)果表示:農(nóng)田的灌溉水中總砷的含量在0.336-0.702g/L,土壤中總砷的含量為0.811-0.952mg/kg。結(jié)合上條結(jié)果可知:稻谷中總砷含量的多少與土壤和灌溉水有一定的關(guān)系,即總砷含量越高的地方,土壤和灌溉水總砷的含量也越高,所以說環(huán)境污染導(dǎo)致砷的遷移被水稻根部所吸收,進(jìn)而我們測得大米中總砷的含量較大。隨著自然生態(tài)環(huán)境污染的日益加重,農(nóng)田灌溉水和土壤中總砷的本底值不斷的升高,大米中所具有的砷含量也一定升高,所以更應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)控制環(huán)境污染所帶來的危害。(3)大米經(jīng)過淘洗實(shí)驗(yàn)得出:淘洗一次和兩次大米總砷的殘留量分別為62.8-70.5%、48.4-58.9%;淘洗一次和兩次大米無機(jī)砷的殘留量分別為65.0-74.4%、60.3-68.1.%�？芍�,大米經(jīng)過淘洗的次數(shù)多砷殘留量隨之下降。大米浸泡實(shí)驗(yàn)中砷的殘留量分別為:浸泡0.5小時(shí)后總砷和無機(jī)砷殘留量為67.4%-94.8%、90.5%-98.2%;1小時(shí)后總砷和無機(jī)砷殘留量為64.0%-94.9%、85.3%-95.1%;2小時(shí)后總砷和無機(jī)砷殘留量為60.0%-92.6%、80.0%-92.0%;3 小時(shí)后總砷和無機(jī)砷殘留量為 56.0%-89.8%、74.7%-88.3%;4小時(shí)后總砷和無機(jī)砷殘留量為53.1%-86.6%、69.5%-84.7%;5小時(shí)后總砷殘留量為49.7%-83.8%、63.2%-80.4%。隨著浸泡時(shí)間的變長、大米中總砷及無機(jī)砷的含量也越來越低,說明有部分重金屬砷已經(jīng)遷移到了浸泡液中。
[Abstract]:In this paper, 50 rice samples collected from 50 regions of Heilongjiang Province were studied and analyzed according to the National medium and long term Program for Food Security (2008-2020) and the Construction Plan of Heilongjiang Province's 100 billion catties of Grain production capacity. The rice was taken as the research object in this paper. Determination of total arsenic and inorganic arsenic residues, The effects of soil and irrigation water on arsenic residue in rice were analyzed. The total arsenic content in the samples ranged from 0.214-0.467mg / kg 0.096-0.216mg / kg / kg ~ 0.021-0.078mg / kg / kg. The inorganic arsenic content in rice, brown rice and milled rice samples was 0.198-0.439 mg / kg 0.076-0.196 mg / kg / kg 0.064 mg / kg 路kg / kg. The average total arsenic content of all rice, rice and milled rice samples was 0.352 mg / kg 0.128 mg / kg / 0.040 mg / kg. All rice, brown rice, brown rice, brown rice, brown rice, brown rice, brown rice, brown rice, brown rice, brown rice, brown rice, brown rice, brown rice, brown rice, brown rice, brown rice, brown rice, brown rice, brown rice, brown rice, brown rice, brown rice, brown rice, brown rice, The average content of inorganic arsenic in milled rice samples was 0.327mg / kg 0.12mg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) 0.32 mg / kg 路kg ~ (-1). The results showed that the total arsenic and inorganic arsenic residues of brown rice turned into brown rice after rice hulling were 35.5mg / kg ~ 34.2, and the residual amounts of total arsenic and inorganic arsenic in milled rice were 31.2228.6%. After moving from full grain to brown rice to milled rice, Arsenic concentration is decreasing, and the relationship between arsenic content in different processing precision of rice grain is rice brown rice milled rice. 2) according to the degree of arsenic pollution in different regions of rice, The total arsenic residues in soil and irrigation water in this rice growing environment were determined respectively. The results show that the total arsenic content in irrigation water of farmland is 0.336-0.702g / L, and the total arsenic content in soil is 0.811-0.952 mg / kg 路kg.According to the above results, the total arsenic in paddy rice is found to be in the range of 0.336-0.702g / L. The amount of soil content is related to the soil and irrigation water. That is, where the total arsenic content is higher, the total arsenic content in soil and irrigation water is also higher, so environmental pollution causes arsenic migration to be absorbed by rice roots. With the increasing pollution of natural ecological environment, the background value of total arsenic in farmland irrigation water and soil increases continuously, and the content of arsenic in rice must also increase. Therefore, it is even more necessary to strengthen the control of the harm caused by environmental pollution. (3) after washing out rice, the results show that the residual amount of total arsenic in rice washed once and twice is 62.8-70.550.5 and 48.4-58.9, respectively; and the residual amount of inorganic arsenic in rice washed once and twice is 65.0-74.44.40.3- 68.1.1.The result shows that the residual amount of arsenic in rice is 65.0-74.44.44.44.44.40.The residual arsenic is 65.0-74.44.45%. The total arsenic and inorganic arsenic residues in the rice immersion test were 67.4 -94.8 and 90.5 -98.2% respectively. The total arsenic and inorganic arsenic residues in the rice immersion test were 64.0-94.95,85.3- 95.1 hours after 1 hour, and the total arsenic and inorganic arsenic residues were 67.4- 94.8. 8 and 90.5 -98.2. 2 hours later, the total arsenic and inorganic arsenic residues in the rice immersion test were 64.0 -94.9. 9. 5 and 95. 1 hours later, respectively, the total arsenic and inorganic arsenic residues in the rice immersion test were 67.4 -94.8. 8. 2 hours later. The total arsenic and inorganic arsenic residues were 60.0-92.60.80.0-92.0 in 3 hours and 56.0-89.8m in the range of 56.0-89.80.The total arsenic and inorganic arsenic residues were 53.1- 86.66.69.5- 84.7hs after 4 hours. The total arsenic residue was 49.7-83.8nil -83.80.The total arsenic remained was 49.7-83.8n- 80.40.The length of the total arsenic and inorganic arsenic remained was 49.7- 83.80.The length of the immersion time increased, and the total arsenic and inorganic arsenic remained in the range of 49.7- 83.83.2- 80.40.The total arsenic and inorganic arsenic residues were 53.1- 86.6- 84.745 hours later. The contents of total arsenic and inorganic arsenic in rice were lower and lower, indicating that some of the heavy metals arsenic had migrated to the soaking solution.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱商業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TS210.7

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