本文選題：水合物　切入點：生成條件預(yù)測　出處：《西安石油大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：天然氣水合物堵塞是氣田集輸、處理過程中遇到的共同難題。對于氣田采氣管線來說,由于井中流物成分復(fù)雜,水和雜質(zhì)含量較多,因此在復(fù)雜多變的外界環(huán)境和流動條件下管線中極易生成水合物。水合物的局部堵塞會造成管線流通面積減小,管道輸氣能力下降,同時還會引起管道彎頭、閥門、清管球等設(shè)備的損壞,甚至造成停產(chǎn)事故的發(fā)生,嚴重影響氣田的正常生產(chǎn)和安全運行。目前,采氣廠多采用與采氣管線同溝鋪設(shè)的注醇管線在井口位置向管線中注入甲醇水合物抑制劑的方式抑制管線中水合物的生成。在注醇過程中需要注意的兩個關(guān)鍵問題:甲醇的注入時機和合理的注入量,即甲醇水合物抑制劑何時注、注多少的問題。目前采氣廠采用人工估計的方式無法做到注醇工藝的精細化管理,缺乏科學依據(jù),且導致甲醇的消耗量過大,嚴重增加了采氣廠的運行成本。盡管設(shè)計院采用一些化工過程模擬計算軟件Hysys、ProⅡ來進行計算,但是由于其操作的復(fù)雜性,計算時需要額外的相關(guān)配置,使現(xiàn)場操作人員難以掌握和熟練使用,同時這些商用軟件的使用費用普遍較高,這無疑增加了采氣廠的運行成本。本文針對長慶油田采氣五廠采氣管線水合物凍堵問題展開研究,通過對水合物相平衡模型的研究及求解,并通過與其他預(yù)測方法進行對比分析,確定了最優(yōu)水合物生成預(yù)測模型:氣固相平衡模型;同時針對甲醇抑制劑在管線運行溫度壓力條件下的分布,分別計算了水相、氣相以及凝析液相中的甲醇含量,從而確定了甲醇抑制劑的總需用量。最后基于C++builder6.0平臺,采用C++面向?qū)ο缶幊陶Z言開發(fā)了水合物預(yù)測與抑制軟件HydratePro的Windows版本,同時為了方便現(xiàn)場人員使用,擴大軟件的使用范圍,本文同時開發(fā)了HydratePro的Android版本,使現(xiàn)場人員可以通過不同的途徑獲得良好的解決方案。最后,將本軟件應(yīng)用到長慶油田采氣五廠的實際生產(chǎn)中,通過對采用軟件計算后的管線注醇量和往年同期的甲醇消耗量進行比較,驗證了本軟件的經(jīng)濟性和合理性。
[Abstract]:Gas hydrate plugging is a common problem in gas field gathering, transportation and treatment. For gas production pipeline in gas field, water and impurity content are much more due to the complexity of fluid composition in well. Therefore, the gas hydrate is easily formed in the pipeline under the complicated and changeable external environment and flow conditions. The local blocking of hydrate will cause the decrease of pipeline circulation area, the decrease of pipeline gas transmission capacity, and the formation of pipe elbows and valves. Damage to equipment such as pipe-clearing balls and even the occurrence of shutdown accidents have seriously affected the normal production and safe operation of the gas fields. At present, In gas production plants, the methanol hydrate inhibitor is injected into the pipeline in the same channel as the gas production pipeline. Two key questions should be paid attention to in the process of alcohol injection. Question: methanol injection timing and reasonable injection rate, That is, the problem of when and how many methanol hydrate inhibitors should be injected. At present, the method of artificial estimation in the gas production plant can not achieve the fine management of the alcohol injection process, which is lack of scientific basis, and leads to excessive consumption of methanol. Although the design institute uses some chemical process simulation software Hysysn Pro 鈪，

本文編號：1572793