本文選題：勢能驅(qū)動　切入點：換繩　出處：《太原理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：摩擦式提升機在我國許多煤礦的生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)中扮演重要角色。隨著開采深度的加深,多繩摩擦提升機的應(yīng)用廣泛起來。根據(jù)我國《煤礦安全規(guī)程》中對提升鋼絲繩更換要求,鋼絲繩的更換工作是一項無法避免且具有安全風(fēng)險的工作�，F(xiàn)有一種新型鋼絲繩首繩更換裝置即勢能驅(qū)動快速換繩裝置,其特點是利用能量轉(zhuǎn)換,通過鋼絲繩重將重力勢能轉(zhuǎn)化為液壓能,從而達到減少系統(tǒng)發(fā)熱和耗能的作用。經(jīng)過工業(yè)試驗證明該裝置能夠順利且安全地完成首繩更換任務(wù)。作為一臺準(zhǔn)備定制生產(chǎn)的專業(yè)性換繩裝置,為了完善對該裝置的安全檢測手段,提高裝置出廠性能指標(biāo),提高針對該裝置的各項實驗效率以及能夠獲得換繩裝置在運行過程中的各項可靠參數(shù),同時也為了對換繩裝置的故障判斷提供參考,本文針對該新型勢能驅(qū)動換繩裝置設(shè)計了一套實驗平臺,該實驗平臺集實驗數(shù)據(jù)采集、換繩動作測試、產(chǎn)品出廠檢驗等功能于一體,保證到達現(xiàn)場工作的換繩裝置的各項參數(shù)指標(biāo)達到最佳狀態(tài),實現(xiàn)安全換繩的目的。本文首先介紹了勢能驅(qū)動快速換繩裝置各個組成部分及工作原理,并通過現(xiàn)場工業(yè)測試對換繩裝置及其勢能驅(qū)動環(huán)節(jié)有了更深刻的認(rèn)識,在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了實驗平臺的初始方案。該方案充分利用換繩裝置的資源,使被實驗對象即換繩裝置的步進油缸組與實驗平臺的實驗油缸組實現(xiàn)無縫對接,保證實驗效率。為了檢測方案能否實現(xiàn)預(yù)計功能,本文對機械系統(tǒng)建立了三維模型,通過ADAMS軟件利用三維模型建立了動力學(xué)仿真模型,又通過AMESim建立了液壓仿真模型,并充分利用以上兩個軟件對實驗平臺的初始方案進行了機-液耦合仿真,通過分析仿真結(jié)果得出如下結(jié)論:初始方案能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)預(yù)期功能,不同的模擬推力和運行時間對實驗平臺的系統(tǒng)造成的影響不同,運行時間相同時,模擬推力越大,系統(tǒng)振動越明顯,當(dāng)模擬推力相同時,運行時間越短,系統(tǒng)振動越明顯,并給出了換繩實驗中鋼絲繩繩重區(qū)間對應(yīng)的較合理的運行時間區(qū)間,而通過對動態(tài)特性曲線的分析指出實驗平臺的整體性能需要進一步提高。要實現(xiàn)對實驗平臺整體性能的提高,本文從自動控制角度入手,提出利用電液比例技術(shù)、反饋控制技術(shù)等對實驗平臺初始方案進行優(yōu)化的方案,通過建立優(yōu)化方案的數(shù)學(xué)模型,從理論上對優(yōu)化方案有了較深刻的認(rèn)識,然后利用MATLAB的Simulink功能建立了優(yōu)化方案的控制仿真模型,將該模型與優(yōu)化之后重新搭建的液壓仿真模型聯(lián)合進行了液-控耦合仿真,通過仿真得到的動態(tài)曲線可知優(yōu)化方案使實驗平臺的整體性能有了較大的提高,在運行速度和運行穩(wěn)定性方面表現(xiàn)的比較明顯,運行速度達到160mm/s以上,而運行過程中出現(xiàn)的最大加速度值為0.045m/s2,通過優(yōu)化基本上達到了設(shè)計初期對實驗平臺在功能和性能上的要求。
[Abstract]:Friction hoist plays an important role in the production system of many coal mines in China. With the deepening of mining depth, the multi-rope friction hoist is widely used. The replacement of wire rope is an unavoidable and safe work. There is a new type of wire rope replacement device, which is driven by potential energy, which is characterized by the use of energy conversion. The gravity potential energy is converted into hydraulic energy by wire rope weight, It can reduce the heating and energy consumption of the system. It has been proved by industrial tests that the device can successfully and safely complete the task of replacing the first rope. In order to improve the safety detection means of the device, to improve the performance index of the device, to improve the experimental efficiency and to obtain the reliable parameters of the rope changing device in the course of operation, At the same time, in order to provide a reference for the fault judgment of the rope changer, this paper designs a set of experimental platform for the new potential energy driven rope changer. The experimental platform collects the experimental data and tests the action of changing rope. The functions of product inspection such as factory inspection are integrated to ensure that the parameters of the rope changer arriving at the site reach the best condition. In this paper, the components and working principle of the quick rope changing device driven by potential energy are introduced, and a deeper understanding of the rope changing device and its potential energy driving link is obtained through the field industrial test. On this basis, the initial scheme of the experimental platform is put forward, which makes full use of the resources of the rope changer to make the walking cylinder group of the experimental object, that is, the rope changing device, seamlessly docking with the experimental oil cylinder group of the experimental platform. In order to test whether the scheme can realize the function of prediction, this paper establishes a three-dimensional model of the mechanical system, establishes a dynamic simulation model by using the three-dimensional model through ADAMS software, and establishes a hydraulic simulation model by means of AMESim. Using the above two softwares to simulate the initial scheme of the experimental platform, the simulation results are as follows: the initial scheme can achieve the expected function. Different simulated thrust and running time have different effects on the system of the experimental platform. When the running time is the same, the larger the simulated thrust, the more obvious the system vibration is. When the simulated thrust is the same, the shorter the running time, the more obvious the system vibration is. The reasonable running time interval corresponding to the wire rope weight interval in the rope exchange experiment is also given. Through the analysis of the dynamic characteristic curve, it is pointed out that the overall performance of the experimental platform needs to be further improved. In order to achieve the improvement of the overall performance of the experimental platform, this paper, from the perspective of automatic control, puts forward the use of electro-hydraulic proportional technology. Feedback control technology is used to optimize the initial scheme of the experimental platform. By establishing the mathematical model of the optimization scheme, the theoretical understanding of the optimization scheme is obtained. Then the control simulation model of the optimization scheme is established by using the Simulink function of MATLAB, and the hydraulic simulation model is combined with the hydraulic simulation model which is rebuilt after optimization to carry out the liquid-control coupling simulation. According to the dynamic curves obtained by simulation, the optimization scheme has greatly improved the overall performance of the experimental platform, and the performance of the experimental platform is obvious in terms of running speed and stability, and the running speed is more than 160 mm / s. However, the maximum acceleration value is 0.045 m / s ~ (2), which basically meets the requirements for the function and performance of the experimental platform at the beginning of the design.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TD534.3

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