本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于電磁成形技術(shù)的金屬材料焊接方法研究　出處：《沈陽(yáng)航空航天大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 電磁脈沖 搭接焊 射流 Kelvin波形

【摘要】：電磁成形技術(shù)是在微秒級(jí)的時(shí)間將電容組中的能量釋放,利用線圈產(chǎn)生脈沖電磁力使金屬工件成形的方法,屬于高能率成形技術(shù)。電磁脈沖焊接是對(duì)電磁成形技術(shù)的推廣應(yīng)用,其原理是焊件以合適的壓合速度、焊接角度壓向被焊件,以期焊件與被焊件間形成原子鍵連接,實(shí)現(xiàn)常溫下金屬間焊接。此方法工藝復(fù)雜,對(duì)電磁成形機(jī)的技術(shù)參數(shù)、放電能力要求更高。電磁脈沖焊接在常溫下實(shí)現(xiàn)同種或異種金屬焊接,金屬?zèng)]有融化,可有效減少或避免金屬間化合物的產(chǎn)生。本文對(duì)電磁成形放電回路系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行分析,并對(duì)電磁脈沖焊接射流形成的條件和異種金屬的焊接機(jī)理進(jìn)行研究,應(yīng)用Maxwell軟件對(duì)不同放電電壓下電流波形及電磁力進(jìn)行仿真,采用該方法對(duì)TC4鈦合金和3A21鋁合金板材進(jìn)行搭接焊試驗(yàn),并對(duì)焊接截面進(jìn)行金相組織檢測(cè)及顯微硬度分析,最后對(duì)電磁脈沖焊接的焊接機(jī)理進(jìn)行研究。結(jié)果表明:焊接接合面呈不規(guī)則波浪形態(tài),證明金屬間為原子鍵結(jié)合,已實(shí)現(xiàn)焊接;電磁脈沖焊接方法可以實(shí)現(xiàn)異種金屬板材的搭接焊,合適的壓合速度、焊接角度即可在焊接區(qū)形成射流,并且射流的形成是實(shí)現(xiàn)搭接焊的必要條件;TC4屈服強(qiáng)度影響接合面波浪形態(tài)的波幅,TC4表面粗糙度影響波浪形態(tài)的波長(zhǎng);焊接區(qū)存在晶粒細(xì)化、滑移錯(cuò)動(dòng),使焊接區(qū)硬度高于基材硬度。由焊接試驗(yàn)及檢測(cè)結(jié)果得出焊接界面波浪形態(tài)的形成是由于焊接瞬間焊件與被焊件間空氣被壓縮形成射流,射流中心與焊件間存在較大速度梯度,氣流紊亂形成Kelvin滾旋,流體還未完全進(jìn)入滾旋形式焊件與被焊件已經(jīng)完成焊接,形成了波幅較小的初期Kelvin波形。
[Abstract]:Electromagnetic forming technology is a method to release the energy in the capacitor group at the time of microsecond, and to form the metal workpiece by using the electromagnetic force generated by the coil. Electromagnetic pulse welding is a popularized application of electromagnetic forming technology. The principle of electromagnetic pulse welding is that welding parts are welded with proper pressing speed and welding angle. In order to form the atomic bond connection between the welded part and the welded part, and realize the metal welding at room temperature, this method is complicated, and the technical parameters of the electromagnetic forming machine are also discussed. The discharge capacity is higher. The electromagnetic pulse welding realizes the same or dissimilar metal welding at room temperature, and the metal does not melt. It can effectively reduce or avoid the generation of intermetallic compounds. In this paper, the electromagnetically formed discharge loop system is analyzed, and the formation conditions of electromagnetic pulse welding jet and the welding mechanism of dissimilar metals are studied. The current waveform and electromagnetic force under different discharge voltages were simulated by Maxwell software. The lap welding tests of TC4 titanium alloy and 3A21 aluminum alloy sheet were carried out by using this method. Finally, the welding mechanism of electromagnetic pulse welding is studied. The results show that the welding joint is irregular wave shape. It is proved that the bonding between metals is atomic bond and the welding has been realized. The method of electromagnetic pulse welding can realize the lapping welding of dissimilar metal sheet, the proper pressing speed and the welding angle can form the jet in the welding area, and the formation of the jet is the necessary condition to realize the lap welding. The amplitude of TC4 yield strength affects the wave shape of the junction surface and the surface roughness of TC4 affects the wavelength of the wave form. There are grain refinement and slip dislocation in the welding zone. The hardness of welding zone is higher than the hardness of base material. From the results of welding test and testing, it is concluded that the formation of wave shape in the welding interface is due to the air compression between the welding piece and the welded part to form a jet. There is a large velocity gradient between the jet center and the welding piece, the Kelvin roll is formed by the turbulence disorder, and the fluid has not been fully entered into the rolling form of the welding piece and the welded piece has been welded. The initial Kelvin waveform with small amplitude is formed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TG391;TG457.1

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