贊比亞河流系統(tǒng)復(fù)雜,它擁有豐富和廣泛的水體,主要有五個世界著名淡水生態(tài)區(qū),被認(rèn)為是非洲水生植物多樣性最豐富的地區(qū)之一。河網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)通常會對水生植物居群遺傳多樣性及遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生重要影響,但在贊比亞河流系統(tǒng)中卻缺乏相關(guān)的研究。贊比亞河流系統(tǒng)是非洲海菜花屬（Ottelia）植物的主要分布區(qū)和物種形成中心。本研究以贊比亞境內(nèi)廣泛分布的水鱉科（Hydrocharitaceae）海菜花屬水生植物O.ulvifolia為研究材料,采用微衛(wèi)星（SSR）分子標(biāo)記研究該物種的遺傳多樣性水平及居群遺傳結(jié)構(gòu),探討O.ulvifolia居群間的歷史基因流,評估河流系統(tǒng)對贊比亞O.ulvifolia居群遺傳分化的影響。本研究集中在贊比亞當(dāng)前的三個主要淡水生態(tài)區(qū):贊比西河上游漫灘（UZF）、Bangweulu-Mweru（BM）和Luangwa-Zambezi河中游（MLZ）。每個O.ulvifolia居群選取7-23個個體為代表,對其葉片進(jìn)行了取樣。利用10個SSR多態(tài)位點對18個O.ulvifolia居群的307個樣品進(jìn)行了基因分型。多重分析用于確定其遺傳多樣性,同時給出以下估計值:觀察雜合度、預(yù)期雜合度、等位基因... 

【文章頁數(shù)】：93 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
Abstract
Abbreviations
Chapter 1 Introduction and literature review
    1.1 Background
    1.2 Freshwater Ecoregions
    1.3 Problem Statement and Justification
    1.4 Research Objectives
        1.4.1 Specific objectives
Chapter 2 Materials and methods
    2.1 Study site
    2.2 Plant Sampling
    2.3 Extraction of Genomic DNA and SSR genotyping
    2.4 SSR genotyping
    2.5 Statistical analyses
        2.5.1 Genetic diversity characterization
        2.5.2 Population genetic structure and differentiation
        2.5.3 Gene flow and recent population bottlenecks
        2.5.4 Species distribution modeling
Chapter 3 Results
    3.1 Genetic diversity
    3.2 Population Genetic Structure and differentiation
    3.3 Gene flow among O. ulvifolia populations and recent bottlenecks
    3.4 Future, present and past habitat suitability and potential distribution of O. ulvifolia
Chapter 4 Discussion
    4.1 High levels of genetic diversity in O. ulvifolia populations
    4.2 Genetic structure and differentiation
    4.3 Genetic discontinuities and gene flow
    4.4 Recent bottlenecks
    4.5 Demographic history of O. ulvifolia
Chapter 5 Conclusion and future prospects
References
Appendices
    Appendix 1 Information on explored populations of O. ulvifolia in Zambia. UZF: UpperZambezi Floodplain; BM: Bangweulu–Mweru; MZL: Middle Zambezi–Luangwa
    Appendix 2 Locus information on SSR makers used for genetic diversity studies of O. ulvifolia
    Appendix 3: Allelic frequencies for 18 O. ulvifolia including 307 individuals across ten SSRs
    Appendix 4 Occurrence localities for O. ulvifolia in Africa
Acknowledgement
Student profile and publications



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