【摘要】：水稻頂端穗退化往往會導(dǎo)致禿尖現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生,因而帶來穗粒數(shù)減少,單株產(chǎn)量降低,低結(jié)實率,產(chǎn)量大幅下降。因此,引起了許多育種家的重視,但其遺傳基礎(chǔ)并不十分清晰。本實驗利用SSR和INDEL分子標記技術(shù)結(jié)合BSA分析法來對頂端小穗退化突變體tsr基因定位和候選基因的克隆。主要研究結(jié)果如下：(1)tsr突變體穗頂部的穎花發(fā)育不完整,在成熟的后期這些發(fā)育不完整的穎花變干脫落,呈現(xiàn)形態(tài)上的禿穗。與原品種168比較,tsr突變體的株高較矮,稻穗變小、粒數(shù)減少、結(jié)實率降低,且存在包頸現(xiàn)象。(2)遺傳分析表明,該頂端小穗退化突變體受一對隱性核基因控制。(3)將頂端小穗退化突變體與秈稻品種5364s雜交后自交的F2代作為定位群體。采用BSA和SSR分子標記相結(jié)合的方法將穗退化基因初步定位在第3號染色體短臂RM157A瀣處。(4)通過Indel引物的設(shè)計,最終將穗退化基因精細定位在兩個緊密連鎖的Indel分子標記hc42和hc58的67kb之間,該區(qū)間共有9個候選基因。(5)對候選基因Os03g0319300和Os03g0320000測序,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)Os03g0320000基因的第129氨基酸位點發(fā)生C→G的點突變,由丙氨酸變?yōu)楦拾彼帷?br/>[Abstract]:The degeneration of top panicle of rice often leads to the occurrence of baldness, which leads to the decrease of grain number per panicle, the decrease of yield per plant, the low seed setting rate and the decrease of yield. Therefore, many breeders pay attention to it, but its genetic basis is not very clear. In this experiment, SSR and INDEL molecular markers combined with BSA analysis were used to locate the apical spikelet mutant tsr gene and clone the candidate genes. The main results are as follows: (1) the spikelet at the top of tsr mutant is incomplete, and these incomplete spikelets become dry and fall off at the later stage of maturity, showing morphological baldness. Compared with the original variety 168, the plant height of tsr mutant was shorter, the panicle became smaller, the grain number decreased, and the seed setting rate decreased, and there was a phenomenon of neck inclusion. (2) genetic analysis showed that the apical spikelet degeneration mutant was controlled by a pair of recessive nuclear genes. (3) the F2 generation inbred with indica rice variety 5364s was used as the mapping population. The ear degeneration gene was initially located in the short arm RM157A of chromosome 3 by the combination of BSA and SSR molecular markers. (4) through the design of Indel primers, the ear degeneration gene was finely mapped between two closely linked Indel molecular markers hc42 and hc58 67kb, and there were 9 candidate genes in this region. (5) the candidate genes Os03g0319300 and Os03g0320000 were sequenced. The results showed that C 鈮，

本文編號：2510029