生境類(lèi)型及積水狀況對(duì)南四湖湖濱帶濕地草本植物多樣性的影響
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-05-15 00:00
【摘要】：本次調(diào)查針對(duì)南四湖湖濱帶濕地草本植物植被進(jìn)行調(diào)查并分析不同生境條件及積水狀況對(duì)濕地草本植物多樣性的影響。本次調(diào)查共發(fā)現(xiàn)草本植物共53科128屬177種,其中蕨類(lèi)植物3科3屬3種,被子植物50科125屬174種。被子植物中單子葉植物14科40屬59種,雙子葉植物36科85屬115種。調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),含10種以上的科有禾本科(Gramineae)、菊科(Compositae)2科,共計(jì)包含42屬58種,分別占屬總數(shù)的32.06%,種總數(shù)的32.77%。組成南四湖濕地的草本植物分布區(qū)類(lèi)型較為集中,主要為世界分布和泛熱帶分布;寡種屬數(shù)量較多,占有極大比例,分布區(qū)類(lèi)型主要為世界分布和泛熱帶分布;從濕地植物物種分布區(qū)類(lèi)型的水平來(lái)看,南四湖濕地植物區(qū)系屬于溫帶亞洲與東亞區(qū)系,與熱帶區(qū)系關(guān)系比較微弱。調(diào)查還發(fā)現(xiàn),國(guó)家二級(jí)保護(hù)植物野大豆Glycinesoja,瀕危植物甘草Glycyrrhiza uralensis、單葉蔓荊Vitexrotundifolia等。外來(lái)入侵物種水花生Alternanthera sessilis與鉆葉紫菀Symphyotrichum subulatum也占有較大比例。出現(xiàn)頻度最高的四種物種分別為蘆葦Phragmitesaustralis,空心蓮子草Alternantheraphiloxeroides,蓮子草 Alternanthera sessilis,蓮 Nelumbo nucifera。林地生境重要值最高的是雙穗雀稗Paspalum distichum,沼澤生境重要值最高的是狗牙根Cynodon dactylon,荒地生境重要值最高的是牽牛Ipomoea nil,近水區(qū)生境重要值最高的是浮萍Lemna minor,灘涂生境重要值最高的是狗牙根Cynodon dactylon。季節(jié)性水澇區(qū)域重要值最高的是歐亞旋覆花Inula britannica,季節(jié)性積水區(qū)域重要值最高的是狗牙根Cynodondactylon,永久性積水區(qū)域重要值最高的是浮萍Lemna minor,間歇性積水區(qū)域重要值最高的是狗尾草Setaria viridis。不同生境類(lèi)型下物種豐富度指數(shù)為:沼澤灘涂近水區(qū)林地荒地。不同積水狀況下物種豐富度指數(shù)為:季節(jié)性積水間歇性積水永久性積水季節(jié)性水澇。隨著物種豐富度的增加,Shannon-Wiener指數(shù)與Pielou均勻度指數(shù)都有所增加,而Simpson指數(shù)則相應(yīng)地有所減少。從積水狀況層次來(lái)看,間歇性積水與季節(jié)性積水相似度最大,Jaccard指數(shù)為0.435,Sorenson指數(shù)為0.607,相同物種有43種從小生境層次來(lái)看,灘涂和沼澤的相似性最大,Jaccard指數(shù)為0.426,Sorenson指數(shù)為0.597,相同物種有75種。
[Abstract]:In this investigation, the vegetation of wetland herbs in Nansihu lakeside zone was investigated and the effects of different habitat conditions and water accumulation on the diversity of wetland herbs were analyzed. A total of 177 species of herbaceous plants belonging to 128 genus and 53 families were found in this investigation, including 3 families, 3 genus and 174 species of angiosperms, including 3 families, 3 genus and 174 species of angiosperms. There are 59 species of monocotyledonous plants belonging to 40 genera and 14 families of angiosperms and 115 species of dicotyledonous plants belonging to 85 genus and 36 families. It was found that there were more than 10 families in (Compositae) 2 families of (Gramineae), including 42 genus and 58 species, accounting for 32.06% of the total genus and 32.77% of the total species, respectively. The distribution types of herbaceous plants in Nansihu Lake wetland are concentrated, mainly world distribution and pan-tropical distribution, and the number of oligospecies is large, accounting for a large proportion, and the distribution types are mainly world distribution and pan-tropical distribution, and the distribution types of herbaceous plants in Nansihu wetland are mainly world distribution and pan-tropical distribution. From the level of wetland plant species distribution types, the wetland flora of Nansihu Lake belongs to temperate Asia and East Asia, but has a weak relationship with tropical flora. It was also found that the endangered plant of wild soybean Glycinesoja, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Vitexrotundifolia, was also found to be a second-class protected plant in China. The proportion of water peanut Alternanthera sessilis and Aster Symphyotrichum subulatum also accounted for a large proportion. The four species with the highest frequency of occurrence were Reed Phragmitesaustralis, hollow lotus seed grass Alternantheraphiloxeroides, lotus seed grass Alternanthera sessilis, lotus Nelumbo nucifera., respectively. The highest important value of forest habitat is double panicle paspalum Paspalum distichum, swampy habitat, and the highest important value of dog tooth root Cynodon dactylon, wasteland habitat is the highest important value of paspalum Ipomoea nil, inclinal habitat, and the highest is duckweed Lemna minor,. The most important value of beach habitat is Cynodon dactylon. of dog tooth root. The highest important value in seasonal waterlogging area is Eurasian rotating flower Inula britannica, seasonal water accumulation region, and the highest important value in dog root Cynodondactylon, permanent hydrops area is duckweed Lemna minor,. The most important value in intermittent water accumulation area is Setaria viridis. of Elaeagnus angustifolia. The species richness index of different habitat types is: woodland wasteland in the near water area of swampy beach. The species richness index under different water accumulation conditions is: seasonal water accumulation intermittent water accumulation permanent water accumulation seasonal waterlogging. With the increase of species richness, both Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou evenness index increased, while Simpson index decreased accordingly. From the level of water accumulation, the similarity between intermittent water and seasonal water is the highest, Jaccard index is 0.435, Sorenson index is 0.607, 43 species of the same species are small habitat level, the similarity between beach and swampy is the largest. The Jaccard index was 0.426 and the Sorenson index was 0.597. There were 75 species of the same species.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：Q948
[Abstract]:In this investigation, the vegetation of wetland herbs in Nansihu lakeside zone was investigated and the effects of different habitat conditions and water accumulation on the diversity of wetland herbs were analyzed. A total of 177 species of herbaceous plants belonging to 128 genus and 53 families were found in this investigation, including 3 families, 3 genus and 174 species of angiosperms, including 3 families, 3 genus and 174 species of angiosperms. There are 59 species of monocotyledonous plants belonging to 40 genera and 14 families of angiosperms and 115 species of dicotyledonous plants belonging to 85 genus and 36 families. It was found that there were more than 10 families in (Compositae) 2 families of (Gramineae), including 42 genus and 58 species, accounting for 32.06% of the total genus and 32.77% of the total species, respectively. The distribution types of herbaceous plants in Nansihu Lake wetland are concentrated, mainly world distribution and pan-tropical distribution, and the number of oligospecies is large, accounting for a large proportion, and the distribution types are mainly world distribution and pan-tropical distribution, and the distribution types of herbaceous plants in Nansihu wetland are mainly world distribution and pan-tropical distribution. From the level of wetland plant species distribution types, the wetland flora of Nansihu Lake belongs to temperate Asia and East Asia, but has a weak relationship with tropical flora. It was also found that the endangered plant of wild soybean Glycinesoja, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Vitexrotundifolia, was also found to be a second-class protected plant in China. The proportion of water peanut Alternanthera sessilis and Aster Symphyotrichum subulatum also accounted for a large proportion. The four species with the highest frequency of occurrence were Reed Phragmitesaustralis, hollow lotus seed grass Alternantheraphiloxeroides, lotus seed grass Alternanthera sessilis, lotus Nelumbo nucifera., respectively. The highest important value of forest habitat is double panicle paspalum Paspalum distichum, swampy habitat, and the highest important value of dog tooth root Cynodon dactylon, wasteland habitat is the highest important value of paspalum Ipomoea nil, inclinal habitat, and the highest is duckweed Lemna minor,. The most important value of beach habitat is Cynodon dactylon. of dog tooth root. The highest important value in seasonal waterlogging area is Eurasian rotating flower Inula britannica, seasonal water accumulation region, and the highest important value in dog root Cynodondactylon, permanent hydrops area is duckweed Lemna minor,. The most important value in intermittent water accumulation area is Setaria viridis. of Elaeagnus angustifolia. The species richness index of different habitat types is: woodland wasteland in the near water area of swampy beach. The species richness index under different water accumulation conditions is: seasonal water accumulation intermittent water accumulation permanent water accumulation seasonal waterlogging. With the increase of species richness, both Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou evenness index increased, while Simpson index decreased accordingly. From the level of water accumulation, the similarity between intermittent water and seasonal water is the highest, Jaccard index is 0.435, Sorenson index is 0.607, 43 species of the same species are small habitat level, the similarity between beach and swampy is the largest. The Jaccard index was 0.426 and the Sorenson index was 0.597. There were 75 species of the same species.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：Q948
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